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Office of the Director

Projects/Programs

Displaying 101 - 125 of 1594
Atom-by-atom fabrication

Atom-scale Devices: Engineering, Metrology and Manufacturability

Ongoing
For these atomically defined devices, the exact position, type, number of atoms, and their arrangement, dramatically influence device behavior. By controlling the precise atomic makeup and geometry of a device it is possible to engineer a device’s electronic, quantum and mechanical structure to a
Photograph of gas cylinders

Audit of EPA Protocol Gas Suppliers

Ongoing
Protocol gas standards are employed in measurements made for compliance purposes; one of the major uses is for measurements of regulated gaseous species from stationary source emitters, i.e., stack gases. Many of these stationary sources are regulated through the Cap and Trade program; therefore
Augmented intelligence

Augmented Intelligence for Manufacturing Systems (AIMS)

Ongoing
Objective To overcome existing measurement challenges via augmented intelligence, the fusion of integrated metrology, physics-based models, and artificial intelligence, to enable monitoring, diagnostics, and prognostics of manufacturing systems and their processes. Technical Idea One research
Operating Envelope Specification supports automated driving safety measurement, key to testing and public acceptance of automated vehicles

Automated Vehicles and AV Communications

Ongoing
Automated vehicles (AVs), or Automated Driving Systems-equipped (ADS-equipped) vehicles, have great potential to improve our lives by freeing us from the stress of driving and reducing accidents caused by distractions or poor judgement. Connected, reliable, and safe AVs will spark significant

Automation for Atomistic Simulation

Ongoing
In computational materials science, many problems require the execution of numerous parallel simulation tasks on High Performance Computing (HPC) resources. Often a single published data point is the result of several parallel tasks executed in a specific sequence. Despite the continual improvement

Automotive Lightweighting

Ongoing
The US auto industry spends $600M per year fixing and tweaking forming dies that do not make correct parts. The primary reason that the dies are inaccurate is that the computer models of the dies utilize materials models that are inaccurate. Upon surveying our industrial partners, we determined that
schematic of the scanning droplet cell apparatus

Autonomous Scanning Droplet Cell

Ongoing
Corrosion impacts a broad spectrum of application areas including infrastructure, transportation, and the military. The annual price tag for corrosion mitigation and remediation is 3.4 % of the US GDP. The team is particularly interested in discovering new metallic glasses (metals without long range
Schematic image of automated MOF synthesis platform under construction.

Autonomous Synthesis of Metal-Organic Frameworks

Ongoing
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) show great promise for a variety of applications, from industrial gas separation, to catalysis, to PFAS absorption. One challenge to the adoption of these technologies is determining and optimizing the synthesis of these materials. There are large computational

Autonomous Systems Assurance

Ongoing
Achieving assured autonomy in any environment requires methods for measuring the input space, to show that the test environment adequately covers real-world conditions that may be encountered. Although some statistical and structural coverage metrics are relevant, they are terribly inadequate for
spectrometer images

Basic Metrology: Applications of Diagnostic X-ray Spectrometers

Ongoing
These have been fielded to help characterize the performance and x-ray spectra from advanced medical x-ray sources, laser-produced plasmas, terawatt pulsed accelerators, electron cyclotron resonance ion sources, electron-beam ion traps, intense ultrafast laser sources, and inverse-Compton
PSD graph

Basic Metrology (Archive): Fit-for-purpose liquid scintillators

Completed
It is now common to use surfactants to entrain aqueous metal salts in organic scintillators. This is crucial for radioactivity measurements because most radionuclides of interest are metals. More, non-metal radionuclides encountered in the environment or in medicine are nearly always in aqueous form

Basic Metrology (Archive): New Standardization of Ra-228

Completed
Radium-228 has a half-life of (5.75 years) and decays by emitting a beta particle. It is a radioactive decay product in the thorium-232 decay series, a very difficult and complex decay chain: 232Th→ 228Ra → 228Ac → 228Th → 224Ra → 220Rn → 216Po → 212Pb → 212Bi → 208Tl → 208Pb(stable); with a sub

Basic Metrology (Archive): New Statistical Analysis Tools

Completed
Several new powerful analysis programs, based on specific requests and evaluations by the RG members, have been developed by the SED collaborators. These tools are now available on the internal NIST web site. It is intended that they will eventually be made available to the general public. The new

Basic Metrology (Archive): Primary Radioactivity Standardization of Ni-63

Completed
Generally, 63Ni has great utility as a low-energy β - calibration standard because of the favorable combination of long half-life (T = 100 a) and β - endpoint energy. Primary standardizations of 63Ni have been actively pursued by national radionuclidic metrology laboratories for over 40 years. As a

Basic Metrology (Archive): Radon Binding to Water-Soluble Cryptophane

Completed
In collaboration with the University of Pennsylvania, a 222Rn emanation sources, similar to the NIST 222Rn emanation standard (SRM 4968, NIST, 1996) was found to have a unique and novel application in a radon-in-water generator for the determination of the binding affinity of radon to a cryptophane

Basic Metrology (Archive): Standardization of Am-243

Completed
The radionuclide 243Am decays by alpha emission and it is the most stable of the americium isotopes however, is not found in nature. It is formed in the nuclear fuel cycle by neutron capture on 242Pu followed by beta decay. It is used as a monitor for radioactive contamination and as a tracer on
photonic emission spectrometry results graph

Basic Metrology: Comparison of NIST-1 and NIST-3 Standard Ampoules

Ongoing
Exhaustive comparisons of the NIST-1 and NIST-3 ampoules are underway. Ion chamber evaluations have been completed for 99Mo, 133Ba, 241Am, 201Tl, and 67Ga. HPGe gamma-ray spectrometry evaluations have been completed for 99Mo, 133Ba, 241Am, 201Tl, and 67Ga. Many more evaluations are in the design /
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