OSAC Lexicon
The OSAC Lexicon is a compendium of forensic science terms and definitions. This terminology tool was created to help bring consistency and understanding to the way terms are used by the various forensic science. Use of the OSAC Lexicon does not replace the need to reference the original published source.
The terms and definitions in the OSAC Lexicon come from the published literature, including documentary standards and technical reports. It is continually updated with the latest work from OSAC units, as well as terms from newly published documentary standards and standards elevated to the OSAC Registry.
Gradually terms are evaluated and harmonized by the OSAC to a single term. This process results in an OSAC Preferred Term. An OSAC Preferred Term is a term, along with its definition, that has undergone review and evaluation by the FSSB Terminology Task Group and has been approved by the FSSB. The FSSB recommends that subcommittees use OSAC Preferred Terms when drafting standards.
The OSAC Lexicon should be the primary resource for terminology and used when drafting and editing forensic science standards and other OSAC work products.
Deprecated
The record type / field / subfield / information item / value / file shall not be used whenclaiming conformance to this version of the standard. (different than 'legacy' )
Deprivation
The restriction of access to something desired by the canine such as food, social companions, or toys.
Derived Representation
Biometric type record derived from a Type-20 source representation record, which maybe another Type-20 record from which other biometric type records are derived.
Design
Design/Size Relationship
Desorption
Destructive Testing
Detailing
(1) A handler technique by which the handler will present productive area to the canine, usually by pointing or hand and arm sweeps. (2) Used to search a particular area in more detail or when a canine may have walked by to prompt the canine to search in a particular direction. (3) Used to prompt a canine to search high and low productive areas.
Detection
Detection
(1) sensing the existence of a fire, especially by a detector from one or more products of the fire, such as smoke, heat, infrared radiation, and the like. (2) the act or process of discovering and locating a fire.
Detection Agent
Detector/Detection Canine Detector Dog
A canine trained to detect and alert to the presence of certain scents or odors for which it has been trained. May be referred to as a law enforcement or search and rescue service canine, which is not to be confused with canines covered by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).
Deterrent
Detonating Cord
Detonation
Detonation
Propagation of a combustion zone at a velocity greater than the speed of sound in the unreacted medium. [68, 2018]
Development
Developmental Stages Of Dental Growth
Intervals in the morphologic appearance of teeth as the crown or root mature.
developmental validation
The acquisition of test data and determination of conditions and limitations of a new methodology.
developmental validation
See validation.
Developmental Validation
The acquisition of test data and determination of conditions and limitations of a new methodology; this generally occurs while the conditions and parameters are being worked out prior to the establishment of a defined assay, procedure or product. Internal validation studies follow developmental validation studies.
Developmental Validation
The acquisition and evaluation of test data for the determination of the conditions and/or limitations under which a novel method will achieve consistent results.
Developmental Validation
The acquisition of test data and determination of conditions and limitations of a new methodology; this generally occurs while the conditions and parameters are being worked out prior to the establishment of a defined assay, procedure or product. Internal validation studies typically follow developmental validation studies.
Developmental Validation
The accumulation of test data to demonstrate that established parameters, software settings, formulae, algorithms and mathematical functions perform as expected. Developmental validation should also demonstrate any known limitations of the system. Developmental validation may be conducted outside the laboratory planning to use it (i.e., by the manufacturer, developer, or other testing laboratory) and will precede any internal validations
Deworming
(Replacing worming) is the giving of an anthelmintic drug (a wormer, dewormer, or drench) to a human or animal to rid them of helminths parasites, such as roundworm, flukes and tapeworm.
Deworming
(Replacing worming) is the giving of an anthelmintic drug (a wormer, dewormer, or drench) to a human or animal to rid them of helminths parasites, such as roundworm, flukes and tapeworm.
diagnostic imaging
Radiographs, Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), ultrasound, and other diagnostic modalities used to assess and document condition, injury, or disease processes.
Diagnostic Ion
A MS or MS/MS molecular ion or fragment ion whose presence and abundance are characteristic of the targeted analyte.
Diagnostic Ion
A MS or MS/MS molecular ion or fragment ion whose presence and relative abundance are characteristic of the targeted analyte.
dialing checkwriter
Class of checkwriter, not having a payee perforator or prefix, in which each symbol, numeral, or otherwise is individually and sequentially impressed.
Diary
A list giving the start and stop times of speech segments within the voice signal,pertaining to the subject of the record. Diarization of segments from multiple speakersrequires multiple Type-11 records, one for each speaker. These multiple Type-11records may be contained in a single transaction, as long as the transaction is focusedupon a single subject.
Dichroism
Dicom
The standard Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine published by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA).
Dicos
The standard Digital Imaging and Communications in Security published by theNational Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA)
die
The trimmed material bearing the printed image and/or text of the stamp.
Die Cut
die plate
Part of the stamp container where the stamp die is mounted.
differential diagnosis
A process through which all possible causes of a skeletal or dental anomaly/abnormality are considered. Through a careful process of elimination, only the most likely causes remain to aid in the identification of the pathological or anomalous condition(s) of the skeleton.
Differential Lysis And Extraction
A method of DNA extraction where sperm and non-sperm cells are digested separately based on the different composition of the cell membranes resulting in the generation of a sperm fraction and a non-sperm cell fraction.
Diffraction
Diffraction Peaks
Diffractometer
Diffuse Fuel
A gas, vapor, dust, particulate, aerosol, mist, fog, or hybrid mixture of these, suspended in the atmosphere, which is capable of being ignited and propagating a flame front.
Diffusion Flame
A flame in which fuel and air mix or diffuse together at the region of combustion.
Digestibility
The measure of how much of the nutrient in a food the canine can extract and absorb.
Digestibility
The measure of how much of the nutrient in a food the canine can extract and absorb.
Digital Device
Digital Evidence
digital image
An image that is stored in numerical form.