OSAC Lexicon

Deoxyribonucleic Acid. This is a chemical that forms a double helix that is unique to allbut identical siblings.

The process of identification and evaluation of biological evidence in criminal matters using DNA technologies, including DNA isolation and purification methods, data interpretation, statistical analysis, report writing, and courtroom testimony

DNA isolation and purification

A process by which the DNA concentration in a sample is determined.

The relative order of base pairs, whether in a fragment of DNA, a gene, a chromosome, or an entire genome.

A laboratory technique used to determine the sequence of bases (A, C, G, and T) in a DNA molecule.

An employee who is accountable for the technical operations of the laboratory and who is authorized to stop or suspend laboratory operations.1

The genetic constitution of an individual at one or more defined locations (also known as loci) in the DNA. A DNA type derived from nuclear DNA typically consists of one or two alleles at several loci (for example, short tandem repeat loci).

Abbreviation for deoxynucleotide tri-phosphates; used in PCR as building blocks to construct new DNA strands.

Any material that conveys a message or contains information on which a set of observations can be made. May be used interchangeably with “item”.

system used to ensure traceability and to establish, identify, approve, issue, maintain, distribute, use, amend, revise, store, protect, secure, retrieve, retain and dispose of documents

The trained person who works the canine. (See canine handler.)

This term has two uses in this standard: Implementation domain refers to the group of organizations or agenciesthat have agreed to use a specified set of user-defined fields in a particularformat. This is the domain encoded in Field 1.013: Domain name /DOM. NIEM biometrics domain refers to an XML namespace that conforms withthe NIEM naming rules. It deals with biometric data. See Annex C:NIEM-conformant encoding rules for details.

In the evaluation of a canine team neither the assessor nor the canine handler knows the location of the target odor/scent or whether target odor/scent is present (i.e., a blank / null search).

Scientific usage: This condition occurs when neither the experimenter/canine handler, nor the observer/evaluator, knows which treatments/manipulations are given to which subjects. Operational usage: In the evaluation of a canine team, neither the assessor nor the canine handler knows the location of the target odor/scent or whether target odor/scent is present (i.e., a blank/null search).

Scientific usage: This condition occurs when neither the experimenter/canine handler, nor the observer/evaluator, knows which treatments/manipulations are given to which subjects. Operational usage: In the evaluation of a canine neither the assessor nor the canine handler knows the location of the target odor/scent or whether target odor/scent is present (i.e., a blank/null search).

In the evaluation of a canine neither the assessor nor the canine handler knows the location of the target scent or whether target scent is present (i.e., a blank/null search).

In the evaluation of a canine neither the assessor nor the canine handler knows the location of the target scent or whether target scent is present (i.e., a blank/null search).

In the evaluation of a canine neither the assessor nor the canine handler knows the location of the target scent or whether target scent is present (i.e., a blank/null search).

The propensity of a canine to exhibit instinctual behaviors when faced with particular stimuli. Drives are triggered by these particular stimuli (e.g., food or retrieve) and expressed in a typical and predictable way that is associated with the particular stimulus. Drives can be enhanced or diminished through experience (e.g., training, environment, etc.), but they cannot be created or eliminated. Traditionally defined in the working canine literature as an exaggerated, instinctual response to certain stimuli and situations. Drive is most narrowly and clearly defined as a willingness, vigor, or enthusiasm to engage in certain behavior, contexts, or situations. (See food drive, rank drive, retrieve drive, and survival drive)

The propensity of a canine to exhibit instinctual behaviors when faced with particular stimuli. Drives are triggered by these particular stimuli (e.g., food or retrieve) and expressed in a typical and predictable way that is associated with the particular stimulus. Expression of drives can be enhanced or diminished through experience (e.g., training, environment, etc.), but they cannot be created or eliminated. Drive therefore reflects the motivation to perform a behavior.

The spread of fire by the dropping or falling of burning materials. Synonymous with 'fall down.'

Ordinate values within a dataset that did not receive enough signal during the measurement for aheight measurement to be acquired. These are often represented as NaN, zero, blank, or theminimum measured value.

When an individual is victimized while mentally or physically incapacitated due to the effects of ethanol and/or other drugs.

Bone that no longer retains its visco-elastic properties (it could still be associated with tissue, but that tissue would likely be mummified).

A method utilizing the layering of dry dental stone powder and misted water.

To release the firing pin on an unloaded chamber of a firearm.

An impression formed when the substrate, materials being transferred, and the outsole or tire treadare dry (e.g. footwear impressions in dust).

A canine trained in two disciplines. For example, a canine trained for narcotics and criminal apprehension.

A canine trained in two disciplines. For example, a canine trained for narcotics and criminal apprehension.

A cartridge that does not contain primer, propellant, or explosive charge and therefore cannot be fired

A cartridge that does not contain primer, propellant, or explosive charge and therefore cannot befired.

A copy of a genuine stamp. The source of duplication can either be the matrix board allowing for die text to be mass produced or using an impression from the genuine (original) stamp.