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Displaying 51 - 75 of 78

In-Situ Burning in the Marshland Environment - Recovery and Regrowth of Spartina Alterniflora, Spartina Patens, and Sagittaria Lancifolia Plants

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
I A. Mendelson, Q N. Lin, Nelson P. Bryner, William D. Walton, W H. Twilley, J V. Mullin
In a series of in-situ burns involving 330 plant mesocosms, including Spartina Alterniflora, Spartina Patens, Distichlis spicata, and Sagittaria Lancifolia sods were exposed to burning diesel fuel or crude oil. Oil spilled in sensitive wetlands pose unique

In-Situ Burning in the Marshland Environment - Soil Temperatures Resulting From Crude Oil and Diesel Fuel Burns (NIST SP 995)

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
Nelson P. Bryner, William D. Walton, W H. Twilley, G Roadarmel, I. A. Mendelssohn, J. V. Mullin
A series of burns was conducted to evaluate the impact of intentional burning of an oil spill in a marshland environment. Oil spilled in sensitive wetland environments pose unique problems associated with cleanup because mechanical recovery in wetlands may

In-Situ Burning in the Marshland Environment-Soil Temperatures. Volume 2 (NIST SP 995)

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
Nelson P. Bryner, William D. Walton, Laurean A. DeLauter, W H. Twilley, I. A. Mendelssohn, Q. Lin
A series of burns was conducted to evaluate the impact of intentional burning of an oil spill in a marshland environment. Oil spilled in sensitive wetland environments pose unique problems associated with cleanup because mechanical recovery in wetlands may

Response of Portable Particulate Monitoring Instruments to Combustion Particulates, Road Dust, and Salt Aerosols. Volume 2 (NIST SP 995)

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
Nelson P. Bryner, William D. Walton, Laurean A. DeLauter, W H. Twilley, J. V. Mullin
This study examined the response of several particulate monitoring instruments to aerosols which might be encountered during monitoring of an in situ oil spill burn. Aerosols included road dust, salt, and particulates from the combustion of heptane, diesel

Second Phase Evaluation of a Protocol for Testing Fire-Resistant Oil Spill Containment Boom. Volume 2 (NIST SP 995)

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
William D. Walton, W H. Twilley, Nelson P. Bryner, Laurean A. DeLauter, R. R. Hiltabrand, J. V. Mullin
A second series of fire tests utilizing the ASTM F-20 draft, Standard Guide for In Situ Burning of Oil Spills On Water: Fire-Resistant Containment Boom, as a guideline were conducted in a wave tank at the U.S. Coast Guard Fire and Safety Test Detachment in

Performance of Personal Alert Safety Systems in Laboratory and Full-Scale Experiments

April 18, 2002
Author(s)
Nelson P. Bryner, Daniel M. Madrzykowski, D W. Stroup, J H. Lee
In 1998, over 500 firefighters in the United States were trapped in structure fires that resulted in injury or death of firefighters. Firefighters can be quickly overcome by the heat or smoke of a fire and may be unable to alert other fire ground personnel

Measurement of the 100 nm NIST SRM 1963 by Differential Mobility Analysis

January 1, 1999
Author(s)
George W. Mulholland, Nelson P. Bryner, C M. Croarkin
The number mean diameter of 100 nm NTST Standard Reference Material (SRM) 1963 was measured to be 100.7 nm with an expanded uncertainty at the 95% confidence level of 1.0 nm by measurement with the differential mobility analyzer (DMA). The low level of

Selection of Calibration Particles for Scanning Surface Inspection Systems

August 8, 1996
Author(s)
George W. Mulholland, Nelson P. Bryner, Walter S. Liggett Jr, B W. Scheer, R. K. Goodall
In response to the semiconductor industry's need for both smaller calibration particles and more accurately sized larger particles, a joint SEMATECH, National Institute of Standards and Technology, and VLSI Standards, Inc. project was initiated to

Scaling Compartment Fires - Reduced- and Full-Scale Enclosure Burns.

September 10, 1995
Author(s)
Nelson P. Bryner, Erik L. Johnsson, William M. Pitts
An extensive series of over 140 natural gas fires in a 2/5ths-scale model of a standard room has been previously reported. This work extends the earlier reduced-scale enclosure (RSE) study to a full-scale enclosure (FSE) and focuses on comparing the gas

Combustion Product Formation in Under and Overventilated Full-Scale Enclosure Fires

April 23, 1995
Author(s)
William M. Pitts, Nelson P. Bryner, Erik L. Johnsson
The findings of an extensive series of over 140 natural gas fires in a 2/5ths-scale model of a standard room have been previously reported. The current work extends the earlier reduced-scale enclosure (RSE) study to a full-scale enclosure (FSE) and focuses

Fire-Induced Mass Flow Into a Reduced-Scale Enclosure (NISTIR 5499)

September 1, 1994
Author(s)
Erik L. Johnsson, Nelson P. Bryner, William M. Pitts
Enclosure fires are of great interest because of the resulting loss of life and property, yet the fluid dynamic and chemical behaviors of fires within enclosures are still not well understood. In recent decades, it has become clear that burning rates, fire

Carbon Monoxide Formation in Fires by High-Temperature Anaerobic Wood Pyrolysis

July 31, 1994
Author(s)
William M. Pitts, Erik L. Johnsson, Nelson P. Bryner
Building fire fatalities often occur at locations remote from the room where the fire is actually burning. The majority of these fire deaths are the result of smoke inhalation, primarily due to exposure to carbon monoxide (CO). Although causing nearly 2500

Comparison of a Fractal Smoke Optics Model With Light Extinction Measurements

January 1, 1994
Author(s)
R A. Dobbins, George W. Mulholland, Nelson P. Bryner
Optical cross-sections of carbonaceous aggregates (smoke) formed by combustion sources have been computed based on fractal concepts. Specific extinction depends upon the primary particle size, the structure of the aggregate as represented by the fractal

Radiometric Model of the Transmission Cell-Reciprocal Nephelometer

January 1, 1994
Author(s)
George W. Mulholland, Nelson P. Bryner
A radiometric model has been developed to assess the effects of angular truncation, finite size of the detector, and angle response characteristics of the cosine sensor on the measurement of the total scattering coefficient by a transmission cell

Production Mechanisms for Carbon Monoxide in Enclosure Fires

March 15, 1993
Author(s)
William M. Pitts, Nelson P. Bryner, Erik L. Johnsson
Roughly two thirds of all deaths resulting from enclosure fires can be attributed to the presence of carbon monoxide (CO), which is known to be the dominant toxicant in fire deaths. The mechanisms responsible for the generation of high concentrations of CO