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Displaying 276 - 300 of 74855

Fiscal Year 2023 Cybersecurity and Privacy Annual Report

May 20, 2024
Author(s)
Patrick D. O'Reilly, Kristina Rigopoulos
During Fiscal Year 2023 (FY 2023) – from October 1, 2022, through September 30, 2023 –the NIST Information Technology Laboratory (ITL) Cybersecurity and Privacy Program successfully responded to numerous challenges and opportunities in security and privacy

Ozone generation and chemistry from 222 nm germicidal ultraviolet light in a fragrant restroom

May 20, 2024
Author(s)
Michael F. Link, Rileigh Robertson, Andrew Shore, Behrang Hamadani, Christina Cecelski, Dustin Poppendieck
Devices using 222 nm germicidal ultraviolet light (GUV222) have been marketed to reduce virus transmission indoors with low risk of occupant harm from direct UV exposure. GUV222 generates ozone, an indoor air pollutant and oxidant, under constrained

Parmesan: mathematical concept extraction for education

May 20, 2024
Author(s)
Jacob Collard, Valeria de Paiva, Eswaran Subrahmanian
Mathematics is a highly specialized domain with its own unique set of challenges. Despite this, there has been relatively little research on natural language processing for mathematical texts, and there are few mathematical language resources aimed at NLP

Simulating drifting fish aggregating device trajectories to identify potential interactions with endangered sea turtles

May 20, 2024
Author(s)
Lauriane Escalle, Joe Scutt Phillips, Jon Lopez, Jennifer Lynch, Hilario Murua, Sarah-Jeanne Royer, Yonat Swimmer, J Murua, Alex Sen Gupta, Victor Restrepo, Gala Moreno
Purse-seine fishers using drifting fish aggregating devices (dFADs), mainly built with bamboo, plastic buoys, and plastic netting, to aggregate and catch tropical tuna, deploy 46,000–65,000 dFADs per year in the Pacific Ocean. Some of the major concerns

Wireless Deployment Challenges in Construction: A 5G Strategy

May 20, 2024
Author(s)
Richard Candell, Mohamed Hany, Jing Geng, Karl Montgomery
In the construction context, integrating 5G networks presents numerous challenges. Tiis article explores deploying wireless communication networks within construction projects, introducing a comparison approach to assess deployment difficulty at each

Effects of Stray Magnetic Field on Transition-edge Sensors in Gamma-ray Microcalorimeters

May 19, 2024
Author(s)
Mark Keller, Abigail Wessels, Dan Becker, Douglas Bennett, Matthew Carpenter, Mark Croce, Jozsef Imrek, Johnathon Gard, John Mates, Kelsey Morgan, Nathan Ortiz, Dan Schmidt, Katherine Schreiber, Daniel Swetz, Joel Ullom
Superconducting transition-edge sensors (TESs) used in x-ray and γ-ray microcalorimeters suffer degraded performance if cooled in a magnetic field B sufficient to trap flux in the sensors. We report measurements of γ-ray TESs before and after implementing

Early Electroscopes at the National Bureau of Standards

May 17, 2024
Author(s)
Bert Coursey, Brian E. Zimmerman, Michael G. Mitch, Paul Frame
This report describes the use of five electroscopes used as national standards for radioactivity for the United States during the early 20th century. This set of instruments were used for the calibration of thousands of radium-226 sources used in medical

An Infrastructure for Secure Data Sharing: A Clinical Data Implementation

May 15, 2024
Author(s)
Joanna DeFranco, Joshua Roberts, David Ferraiolo, Daniel Compton
Objective: To address database interoperability challenges to improve collaboration among disparate organizations. Materials and Methods: We developed a lightweight system to allow broad but well-controlled data sharing while preserving local data

In situ observation of the multistep process of cold sintering

May 15, 2024
Author(s)
Russell Maier
A compact cold sintering stage was constructed to densify ceramic samples in capillary tubes for the purpose of conducting in situ experiments designed to elucidate fundamental cold sintering mechanisms. The stage was used to successfully densify samples

Assessing Security Requirements for Controlled Unclassified Information

May 14, 2024
Author(s)
Ronald S. Ross, Victoria Yan Pillitteri
The protection of Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI) is of paramount importance to federal agencies and can directly impact the ability of the Federal Government to successfully conduct its essential missions and functions. This publication provides

Ensuring Reliability Through Combinatorial Coverage Measures

May 14, 2024
Author(s)
M S Raunak, D. Richard Kuhn, Raghu N. Kacker, Yu Lei
A key question in software assurance is, "How much testing is enough?" Coverage criteria such as statement or branch coverage were developed to help answer this question, but we also need to measure whether tests are sufficiently representative of inputs

Human-in-the-loop Technical Document Annotation: Developing and Validating a System to Provide Machine-Assistance for Domain-Specific Text Analysis

May 14, 2024
Author(s)
Juan Fung, Zongxia Li, Daniel Stephens, Andrew Mao, Pranav Goel, Emily Walpole, Alden A. Dima, Jordan Boyd-Graber
In this report, we address the following question: to what extent can machine learning assist a human with traditional text analysis, such as content analysis or grounded theory in the social sciences? In practice, such tasks require humans to review and

Measurement-driven neural-network training for integrated magnetic tunnel junction arrays

May 14, 2024
Author(s)
William Borders, Advait Madhavan, Matthew Daniels, Vasileia Georgiou, Martin Lueker-Boden, Tiffany Santos, Patrick Braganca, Mark Stiles, Jabez J. McClelland, Brian Hoskins
The increasing scale of neural networks needed to support more complex applications has led to an increasing requirement for area- and energy-efficient hardware. One route to meeting the budget for these applications is to circumvent the von Neumann

Underestimation of Thermogenic Methane Emissions in New York City (New York City methane emissions: what are we missing?)

May 14, 2024
Author(s)
Joseph R. Pitt, Israel Lopez Coto, Anna Karion, Kristian D. Hajny, Jay M. Tomlin, Robert Kaeser, Thilina Jayarathne, Brian H. Stirm, Cody R. Floerchinger, Christopher P. Loughner, Roisin Commane, Conor K. Gately, Lucy R. Hutyra, Kevin R. Gurney, Geoffrey S. Roest, Jianming Liang, Sharon Gourdji, Kimberly Mueller, James Whetstone, Paul B. Shepson
Recent studies have shown that methane emissions are underestimated by inventories in many US urban areas. This has important implications for climate change mitigation policy at the city, state, and national levels. Uncertainty in both the spatial

A 0.1 GHz to 1.1 THz Inverted Grounded-CPW mTRL Calibration Kit Characterization in an InP HBT Process

May 13, 2024
Author(s)
Jerome Cheron, Rob Jones, Dylan Williams, Miguel Urteaga, Bryan Bosworth, Nick Jungwirth, Jeffrey Jargon, Ben Jamroz, Chris Long, Nate Orloff, Ari Feldman, Peter Aaen
We report a novel design approach of on-wafer multiline thru-reflect-line (mTRL) calibration kit fabricated on a commercial semiconductor-based transistor process that we validate from 0.1 GHz to 1.1 THz. The on-wafer calibration standards are designed

Do good: strategies for leading an inclusive data science or statistics consulting team

May 12, 2024
Author(s)
Christina Maimone, Julia Sharp, Ofira Schwartz-Soicher, Jeffrey Oliver, Lencia Beltran
Leading a data science or statistical consulting team in an academic environment can have many challenges including institutional infrastructure, funding, and technical expertise. Even in the most challenging environment, however, leading such a team with
Displaying 276 - 300 of 74855