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Displaying 1126 - 1150 of 143740

Quantum metrology algorithms for dark matter searches with clocks

June 7, 2024
Author(s)
Muhammad Zaheer, Naleli Matjelo, David Hume, Marianna Safronova, David Leibrandt
Quantum metrology involves improving the sensitivity of a quantum sensor to a signal while circumventing sensitivity to noise using algorithms from quantum information science. Atomic clocks are among the most sensitive quantum sensors, with recent

On the Semidirect Discrete Logarithm Problem in Finite Groups

June 6, 2024
Author(s)
Christopher Battarbee, Giacomo Borin, Julian Brough, Ryann Cartor, Tobias Hemmert, Nadia Heninger, David Jao, Delaram Kahrobaei, Laura Maddison, Edoardo Persichetti, Angela Robinson, Daniel Smith-Tone, Rainer Steinwandt
We present an efficient quantum algorithm for solving the semidirect discrete logarithm problem (SDLP) in any finite group. The believed hardness of the semidirect discrete logarithm problem underlies more than a decade of works constructing candidate post

Measuring the Influence of CO2 and Water Vapor on the Dynamics in Polyethylenimine To Understand the Direct Air Capture of CO2 from the Environment

June 5, 2024
Author(s)
Avery Baumann, Takeshi Yamada, Kanae Ito, Chad R. Snyder, John Hoffman, Craig Brown, Christopher Stafford, Christopher Soles
Aminopolymer sorbents are leading candidates for extracting CO2 directly from the atmosphere under ambient conditions. For effective carbon capture, this requires not only that the CO2 actively binds with amine groups of the polymer under low gas

NIST Greenhouse Gas Measurements Program: A Decade of Critical Accomplishments

June 5, 2024
Author(s)
James Whetstone, Tamae Wong, Hratch Semerjian
At COP 21 (Paris), there was general agreement that programs to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate atmospheric warming will require an understanding of existing emissions as well as programs to monitor, report, and verify emissions from a broad

Research on Fixture-Level Peak Probability of Water Use in Commercial Buildings

June 5, 2024
Author(s)
Tao Li, Steven Buchberger, Toritseju Omaghomi, Gary Klein, William M. Healy
novel wireless sensor network is developed and demonstrated for monitoring indoor fixture level water use in buildings. The new technology consists of a low-cost, battery-powered, miniature wireless sensor module for non-invasive detection of flow through

Comprehensive Overview of Bottom-Up Proteomics using Mass Spectrometry

June 4, 2024
Author(s)
Yuming Jiang, Devasahayam Rex, Dina Schuster, Ben Neely, German Rosano, Norbert Volkmar, Amanda Momenzadeh, Trenton Peters-Clarke, Susan Egbert, Simion Kreimer, Emma Doud, Oliver Cook, Amit Yadav, Muralidharan Vanuopadath, Martin Mayta, Anna Duboff, Nicholas Riley, Robert Moritz, Jesse Meyer
Proteomics is the large scale study of protein structure and function from biological systems through protein identification and quantification. "Shotgun proteomics" or "bottom-up proteomics" is the prevailing strategy, in which proteins are hydrolyzed

Standards and Performance Metrics for On-Road Automated Vehicles

June 4, 2024
Author(s)
Craig I. Schlenoff, Zeid Kootbally, Prem Rachakonda, Suzanne Lightman, Apostol Vassilev, David A. Wollman, Edward Griffor
On September 5–8, 2023, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) held the second Standards and Performance Metrics for On‐Road Automated Vehicles Workshop. This four‐day virtual event provided updates on NIST's recent work in automated

A proposal to change the leap-second adjustments to UTC

June 3, 2024
Author(s)
Judah Levine, Patrizia TAVELLA
The definition of UTC in 1972 balanced the needs of the time and frequency community for a universal time scale that was traceable to the definition of frequency in the SI system of units with the needs of the astronomical community for a time scale that

Dynamical Formation of Prethermal BEC in Floquet Engineered Lattice

June 3, 2024
Author(s)
James Maslek, Carlos Alberto Bracamontes Palma, James Porto
We experimentally realise an effective Hamiltonian with a continuously adjustable staggered gauge field for weakly interacting bosons in an optical lattice. Periodic driving realises a staggered $\Phi$-flux model, where $\Phi$ can be continuously tuned

Water-Enhanced CO2 Capture with Molecular Salt Sodium Guanidinate

June 3, 2024
Author(s)
Hayden Evans, Marcus Carter, Wei Zhou, Taner N. Yildirim, Craig Brown, Hui Wu
Solid-state amine absorbent materials, including those containing guanidine derivatives, have received tremendous attention as the world combats the challenges of climate change. Although these materials are attractive for their selective CO2 capture

Integrated metrology for advanced manufacturing

June 1, 2024
Author(s)
andreas archenti, Wei Gao, Alkan Donmez, Enrico Savio, Naruhiro Irino
The transition from conventional standalone metrology to integrated metrology has been accelerating in advanced manufacturing over the past decade. This keynote paper defines the concept of integrated metrology, which extends beyond parts inspection and

Dealloyed Pt74Ni26 and Pt26Ni74 Electrodeposited Thin Film Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction

May 30, 2024
Author(s)
Carlos Hangarter, Eric Rus, Yihua Liu, Jaw Wook Shin, Vladimir Oleshko, Hyun Wook Ro, Russell Composto, Christopher Soles, Joseph A. Dura, Gery R. Stafford, Leonid Bendersky, Thomas P. Moffat
Pt100-xNix alloys are among the most active binary alloys for electrocatalysis of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in PEM fuel cells. Electrodeposition and microstructure of thin films close to Pt75Ni25 and Pt25Ni75 stoichiometry are described and their

A Critical Analysis of Circular Product Attributes and Limitations of Product Circularity Assessment Methods

May 29, 2024
Author(s)
Junwon Ko, Gisele Bortolaz Guedes, Fazleena Badurdeen, I.S. Jawahir, KC Morris, Vincenzo Ferrero, Buddhika Hapuwatte, Ryan Bradley, Ardeshir Mashhadi
The Circular Economy (CE) has been proposed as a strategy to promote the efficient use of resources, maximizing the benefits derived from materials and products through value recovery strategies, and minimizing waste generation. However, ambiguity remains

Advancing Methodologies for Hurricane Disaster Research Using Social Media Data

May 29, 2024
Author(s)
Emina Herovic, Caerwyn Hartten, Emily Walpole, Katherine Johnson, Cameron Busser
The National Institute of Standards and Technology's (NIST) investigations of disasters and failures that affect the United States including devastating hurricanes like Hurricane Maria (NIST, 2023), require the assessment of risk communication, especially
Displaying 1126 - 1150 of 143740
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