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Displaying 676 - 700 of 3890

Infiltration in energy modeling: a simple equation made better

August 8, 2014
Author(s)
Lisa C. Ng, Andrew K. Persily, Steven J. Emmerich
As building envelope performance and HVAC equipment efficiencies continue to be improved to reduce building energy use, a greater percentage of the total energy loss of a building can occur through envelope leakage. Although the energy impacts of

Long Term Air Quality Monitoring in a Net-Zero Energy Residential Test Facility Designed with Specifications for Low Emitting Interior Products

August 6, 2014
Author(s)
Dustin G. Poppendieck, Lisa C. Ng, Matthew P. Schlegel, Andrew K. Persily, Alfred Hodgson
This study evaluated the effectiveness of a low-VOC (volatile organic compounds) specification designed to minimize occupant exposures to indoor air pollutants in a net-zero energy research house meeting the ASHRAE Standard 62.2 ventilation requirements

Long Term Emissions from Spray Polyurethane Foam Insulation

August 6, 2014
Author(s)
Dustin G. Poppendieck, Steven J. Nabinger, Matthew P. Schlegel, Andrew K. Persily
The desire to build more energy efficient homes in the United States has lead to the expansion of the residential spray polyurethane foam (SPF) insulation industry. Annually, over 100,000 homes in the United States are constructed or retrofit using SPF

Simulation Study of Carbon Monoxide Exposure from Portable Generators in U.S. Residences

August 6, 2014
Author(s)
Andrew K. Persily, Steven J. Emmerich, Yanling Wang, Brian J. Polidoro
A simulation study was conducted to evaluate indoor CO exposures as a function of portable generator location and CO emission rate in order to support the development of potential CO emission limits for generators. These simulations employed the multizone

Smart Firefighting Workshop Summary Report

August 6, 2014
Author(s)
Anthony P. Hamins, Nelson P. Bryner, Albert W. Jones, Galen H. Koepke, casey grant, Anand Raghunathan
This report summarizes the results of the Smart Firefighting Workshop held March 24 and 25, 2014, in Arlington, Virginia and sponsored by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The Workshop provided a forum to help identify and

Ignition of Mulch Beds Exposed to Continuous-Wind Driven Firebrand Showers

August 3, 2014
Author(s)
Samuel L. Manzello, Sayaka Suzuki, Koji Kagiya, Junichi Suzuki, Yoshihiko Hayashi
A series of experiments were conducted to examine ignition of mulch beds to continuous, wind-driven firebrand showers. Shredded hardwood mulch, fitted in beds 1.2 m by 1.2 m with a thickness of 51 mm, was attached to a non-combustible re-entrant corner

The Use of Elevators for Evacuation in Fire Emergencies in International Buildings

July 21, 2014
Author(s)
Max T. Kinateder, Hidemi Omori, Erica D. Kuligowski
The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of elevator evacuation from high-rise buildings with a focus on the safety of mobility impaired occupants. It addresses the specifics of elevator evacuation as well as relevant building codes and its

Quantitative Infrared Imaging of Impinging Turbulent Buoyant Diffusion Flames

July 2, 2014
Author(s)
Randall J. McDermott, Ashish Newale, Brent Rankin, Harshad Lalit, Jay P. Gore
Radiation from buoyant diffusion flames with and without impingement on a flat plate is studied using a unique quantitative comparison of measured and simulated images. The coupling between the stagnation boundary layer and upstream buoyant shear layer

BEHAVIOR OF STEEL COMPONENTS SUBJECTED TO LOCALIZED FIRE

June 11, 2014
Author(s)
Chao Zhang, John L. Gross, Lisa Y. Choe
Recent numerical studies on the behavior of steel components subjected to a localized fire are presented. Sequentially coupled thermo-mechanical simulations were conducted to predict the steel temperature distribution, the deformation mode and failure

USA - Characteristics, Impacts, and Future Directions

June 11, 2014
Author(s)
Sarah Slaughter, Douglas Thomas, Robert E. Chapman
Investments in the built environment provide the basis for civil society and commerce, and construction is an engine of growth for the U.S. economy, equaling approximately 3 % to 5 % of GDP. Current U.S. annual expenditures for construction-related R&D are

Experimental Study of Firebrand Transport

June 1, 2014
Author(s)
Samuel L. Manzello, Kuibin Zhou, Sayaka Suzuki
The NIST Firebrand Generator (NIST Dragon) has been used to quantify the vulnerability of structures to ignition by firebrand attack. The Firebrand Generator is also as useful device to study firebrand transport, and has been used to validate firebrand

Exposing Decking Assemblies to Continuous Wind-Driven Firebrand Showers

June 1, 2014
Author(s)
Samuel L. Manzello, Sayaka Suzuki
A series of experiments were conducted to examine potential vulnerabilities of wood decks to continuous, wind-driven firebrand showers. Sections of wood decks (1.2 m by 1.2 m) were constructed and attached to a re-entrant corner assembly. The deck

Experimental Study of Firebrand Transport

May 27, 2014
Author(s)
Samuel L. Manzello, Kuibin Zhou, Sayaka Suzuki
The NIST Firebrand Generator (NIST Dragon) has been used to quantify the vulnerability of structures to ignition by firebrand attack. The Firebrand Generator is also a useful device to study firebrand transport, and has been used to validate firebrand

Ignition of Fine Fuels Exposed to Firebrand Showers

May 27, 2014
Author(s)
Samuel L. Manzello, Sayaka Suzuki, Junichi Suzuki, Koji Kagiya, Yoshihiko Hayashi
Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) fires have caused significant destruction to communities throughout the world. WUI fires continue to burn in the USA; most recently in Texas in 2011, Colorado, and California in 2012, and Arizona, Colorado, and California in

Flame Inhibition by CF3CHCl2 (HCFC-123)

May 20, 2014
Author(s)
Valeri I. Babushok, Gregory T. Linteris, Oliver Meier, John Pagliaro
A kinetic model is suggested for hydrocarbon-air flame propagation with addition of hydrochloroflurocarbon (HCFC) fire suppressants, encompassing the combined chemistry of fluorine- and chlorine-containing species. Calculated burning velocities using the
Displaying 676 - 700 of 3890
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