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Displaying 37101 - 37125 of 74045

Intrinsic Surface States in Semiconductor Nanocrystals: HgS Quantum Dots

March 23, 2005
Author(s)
James S. Sims, Garnett W. Bryant, Howard Hung
Confined states in typical nanocrystals are localized to the dot interior. Surface states are extrinsic states localized at unsaturated dangling bonds or surface defects. We show that intrinsic surface states occur in nanocrystals made from negative gap

Challenges in Metrology for the Semiconductor Industry

March 21, 2005
Author(s)
Stephen Knight, Joaquin (. Martinez
Leading edge Ultra Large Scale Integrated Circuit manufacture is now well into the realm of Nanoelectronics, with some critical dimensions below 40 nm. The pressures on metrology supporting this manufacture are escalating rapidly. In this presentation we

Chip-Scale Atomic Frequency References: Fabrication and Performance

March 21, 2005
Author(s)
John E. Kitching, Svenja A. Knappe, Li-Anne Liew, John Moreland, Hugh Robinson, P Schwindt, V Shah, Vladislav Gerginov, Leo W. Hollberg
The physics package for a chip-scale atomic frequency standard was constructed and tested. The device has a total volume of 9.5 mm 3, dissipates 75 mW of electrical power at an ambient temperature of 45 °C and has a short-term fractional frequency

Frequency Biases Associated with Distributed Cavity Phase and Microwave Leakage in the Atomic Fountian Primary Frequency Standards IEN-CSF1 and NIST-F1

March 21, 2005
Author(s)
Steven R. Jefferts, Jon H. Shirley, Neil Ashby, Thomas P. Heavner, Elizabeth A. Donley, F Levi, Eric A. Burt, G J. Dick
The subject of frequency shifts in atomic frequency standards caused either by distributed cavity phase or microwave leakage goes back to the earliest days of the thermal beam standards [1,2], and has been the subject of continuing theoretical and

High Spatial Resolution Quantitative Electron Beam Microanalysis for Nanoscale Materials

March 21, 2005
Author(s)
Dale E. Newbury, J H. Scott, Scott A. Wight, J T. Armstrong, John A. Small
Transmission (TEM) and scanning electron microscopes (SEM) provide ideal platforms for electron and x-ray spectrometry to characterize nanoscale particles and nanostructured bulk materials. Electron spectrometry includes electron energy loss spectrometry

Propagation of Uncertainties in Measurements Using Structural Inference

March 21, 2005
Author(s)
Hariharan K. Iyer, Chih-Ming Wang
The ISO Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) recommends the use of a first-order Taylor series expansion for propagating errors and uncertainties. The GUM also permits the use of other analytical or numerical methods when the

Purified Bacillus Anthracis Lethal Toxin Complex Formed In Vitro and During Infection Exhibits Functional and Biological Activity

March 18, 2005
Author(s)
Rekha Panchal, Kelly Halverson, Wilson Ribot, Douglas Lane, Tara Kenny, Teresa G. Abshire, John W. Ezzell, Timothy A. Hoover, Bradford Powell, Stephen Little, John J. Kasianowicz, Sina Bavari
Anthrax protective antigen (PA, 83 kDa), a pore-forming protein upon protease activation to 63 kDa (PA63), translocates lethal factor (LF) and edema factor (EF) from endosomes into the cytosol of the cell. The relatively small size of the heptameric PA63

Genotyping SNPs Using a UV Photocleavable Oligonucleotide in MALDI-TOF MS

March 17, 2005
Author(s)
Peter M. Vallone, K Fahr, M Kostrzewa
Matrix assisted laser desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) coupled with allele specific primer extension is a proven method for typing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). A novel modification upon this methodology is the

Developing a More Rapid Test to Assess Sulfate Resistance of Hydraulic Cements

March 16, 2005
Author(s)
Chiara F. Ferraris, Paul E. Stutzman, Max A. Peltz, John A. Winpigler
External sulfate attack of concrete is a major problem that can appear in regions where concrete is exposed to soil or water containing sulfates, leading to softening and cracking of the concrete. Therefore, it is important that materials selection and

Thermal decomposition kinetics of RP-1 rocket propellant

March 16, 2005
Author(s)
Peter C. Andersen, Thomas J. Bruno
As part of a thermophysical and transport property measurement project, the global decomposition kinetics of the kerosene based rocket propellant, RP-1, was investigated. We measured the decomposition of RP-1 at elevated temperatures (that is, under
Displaying 37101 - 37125 of 74045
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