NOTICE: Due to a lapse in annual appropriations, most of this website is not being updated. Learn more.
Form submissions will still be accepted but will not receive responses at this time. Sections of this site for programs using non-appropriated funds (such as NVLAP) or those that are excepted from the shutdown (such as CHIPS and NVD) will continue to be updated.
An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
Response to Fire Exposure of the Pentagon Structural Elements
Published
Author(s)
Paul K. Mlakar, D O. Dusenberry, J R. Harris, G A. Haynes, Long Phan, M A. Sozen
Abstract
An overview of fire damage sustained by the Pentagon structural elements in the September 11, 2001, terrorist attack is provided. The fire intensity in some compartments of the affected areas inside the Pentagon was approximated to be between those of the two standard fire exposures ASTM E119 and E1529, based on the observed fire damage and estimated fuel load. Thermal analyses of the structural columns and beams were performed using the standard fire exposures to demonstrate the increased vulnerability of these structural elements once the concrete cover was lost.
Mlakar, P.
, Dusenberry, D.
, Harris, J.
, Haynes, G.
, Phan, L.
and Sozen, M.
(2005),
Response to Fire Exposure of the Pentagon Structural Elements, Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
(Accessed October 11, 2025)