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Displaying 31176 - 31200 of 73829

Spin Transfer Torques

April 1, 2008
Author(s)
Daniel C. Ralph, Mark D. Stiles
This tutorial article is designed for beginning graduate students who are interested in the physics of spin transfer torques in magnetic devices. We provide an elementary discussion of the mechanism of spin transfer torque, and review the theoretical and

The International System of Units (SI), 2008 Edition

April 1, 2008
Author(s)
Barry N. Taylor
The definitive international reference on the SI is a booklet published by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM, Bureau International des Poids et Mesures) and often referred to as the BIPM SI Brochure. Entitled Le Systeme International d

Understanding IEEE 1451 - Networked Smart Transducer Interface Standard

April 1, 2008
Author(s)
Yuyin Song, Kang B. Lee
In response to industry's need for standardized sensor interfaces, a suite of smart transducer interface standards for transducers (sensors and actuators), known as the IEEE 1451, has been developed by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

Wide-Bandwidth Coaxial PWB Transmission Line Probe

April 1, 2008
Author(s)
Nicholas Paulter, Robert H. Palm, Dwight D. Barry
The design, fabrication, and test of a wide bandwidth (3 dB attenuation bandwidth =>30 GHz) , 50 ohm, coaxial probe for the electrical characterization of printed wiring board (PWB) transmission lines is described. The probe can make thousands of repeated

X-Ray Imaging Optimization of 3D Tissue Engineering Scaffolds via Combinatorial Fabrication Methods

April 1, 2008
Author(s)
Yanyin Yang, Shauna M. Dorsey, Matthew Becker, Sheng Lin-Gibson, Gary E. Schumacher, Glenn M. Flaim, J Kohn, Carl G. Simon Jr.
We have developed a combinatorial method for determining optimum tissue scaffold composition for imaging by X-ray techniques. X-ray radiography and microcomputed tomography enable non-invasive imaging of implanted materials in vivo and in vitro

Correlation Between Microstructure, Electronic Properties and Ficker Noise in Organic Thin Film Transistors

March 31, 2008
Author(s)
Oana Jurchescu, Behrang H. Hamadani, Hao Xiong, Sungkyu Park, Sankar Subramanian, Neil M. Zimmerman, John E. Anthony, Thomas Jackson, David J. Gundlach
We report on observations of a direct correlation between the microstructure of the organic thin films and their electronic properties when incorporated in field-effect transistors. We present a simple method to induce enhanced grain growth in solution

HYDROGEN PIPELINE RESEARCH AT NIST

March 31, 2008
Author(s)
Thomas A. Siewert, Joseph D. McColskey, Angelique N. Lasseigne
In 2007, the National Institute of Standards and Technology greatly expanded its efforts in support of the use of hydrogen as a fuel. Various NIST divisions have started projects on measurement needs in the areas of flow rates, storage, materials

Quantize-and-Forward Relaying with M-ary Phase Shift Keying

March 31, 2008
Author(s)
Michael R. Souryal, Huiqing You
Using cooperative transmission, two or more single-antenna users can share their antennas to achieve spatial diversity in a slow fading channel. One relaying protocol that achieves diversity, amplify-and-forward (AF), is striking in its simplicity, but

The CLEAR 2007 Evaluation

March 31, 2008
Author(s)
Rainer Stiefelhagen, Keni Bernardin, R Bowers, Richard T. Rose, Martial Michel, John S. Garofolo
This paper is a summary of the 2007 CLEAR Evaluation on the Classification of Events, Activities, and Relationships which took place in early 2007 and culminated with a two-day workshop held in May 2007. CLEAR is an international effort to evaluate systems

Uncertainty Analysis for NIST Noise-Parameter Measurements

March 31, 2008
Author(s)
James P. Randa
The uncertainty analysis is presented for NIST measurements of noise parameters of amplifiers and transistors, in both connectorized (coaxial) and on-wafer environments. We treat both the X-parameters, which are based on the wave representation of the

Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI)

March 30, 2008
Author(s)
Ambler Thompson, Barry N. Taylor
This 2007 edition of SP811 updates International System of Units (SI) usage as implemented in the 8th edition of the SI Brochure, incorporates a significant amount of additional material intended to answer frequently asked questions concerning the SI and

Torsion rotation global analysis of the first three torsional states (mt = 0, 1, 2) and terahertz database for methanol

March 30, 2008
Author(s)
Jon T. Hougen, Li-Hong Xu, Jonathan M. Fisher, H. Y. Shi, J C. Pearson, Brian J. Drouin, G A. Blake, R. Braakman
Stimulated by recent THz measurements of the methanol spectrum in one of our laboratories, undertaken in support of NASA programs related to the Herschel Space Observatory (HSO) and the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA), we have carried out a global

Characterizing Pattern Structures Using X-Ray Reflectivity

March 28, 2008
Author(s)
Hae-Jeong Lee, Christopher L. Soles, Hyun Wook Ro, Shuhui Kang, Eric K. Lin, Alamgir Karim, Wen-Li Wu
Specular X-ray reflectivity (SXR) can be used, in the limit of the effective medium approximation (EMA), as a high-resolution shape metrology for periodic patterns on a planar substrate. The EMA means that the density of the solid pattern and the space

Sr Lattice Clock at 1 x 10 -16 Fractional Uncertainty by Remote Optical Evaluation with a Ca clock

March 28, 2008
Author(s)
A D. Ludlow, T Zelevinsky, G K. Campbell, S Blatt, M M. Boyd, M de Miranda, M J. Martin, S M. Foreman, J Ye, Tara M. Fortier, Jason Stalnaker, Scott A. Diddams, Yann LeCoq, Zeb Barber, Nicola Poli, Nathan D. Lemke, K. Beck, Christopher W. Oates
Optical atomic clocks promise timekeeping at the highest precision and accuracy, owing to their high operating frequency. The most accurate optical clocks are presently based on single trapped ions1, due to the exquisite control possible over their

A Two-Tier Bloom Filter to Achieve Faster Membership Testing

March 27, 2008
Author(s)
Miguel Jimeno, K Christensen, Allen L. Roginsky
Testing for element membership in a Bloom Filter requires hashing of a test element (e.g., a string) and multiple look-ups in memory. A design of a new two-tier Bloom filter with on-chip hash functions and cache is described. For elements with a heavy

Handling Computer Security Incidents: NIST Issues Updated Guidelines

March 27, 2008
Author(s)
Shirley M. Radack
This bulletin summarizes information disseminated in revised NIST Special Publication (SP) 800-61-1, Computer Security Incident Handling Guide: Recommendations of the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Written by Karen Scarfone and Tim Grance

Long Term Sustainment Workshop Report

March 26, 2008
Author(s)
Joshua Lubell, Mahesh Mani, Eswaran Subrahmanian, Sudarsan Rachuri
This report summarizes the presentations, discussions and recommendations of a workshop held at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) on April 24-25, 2007. The purpose of the workshop was to identify policies of digital preservation and

Programs of the Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory (2005 - 2008)

March 26, 2008
Author(s)
Lisa J. Fronczek, Bessmarie A. Young
The National Institute of Standards and Technology s Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory (MEL) promotes innovation and the competitiveness of U.S. manufacturing through measurement science, measurement services, and critical technical contributions to
Displaying 31176 - 31200 of 73829
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