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Search Publications

NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 28701 - 28725 of 73697

ATP hydrolysis and DNA binding confer thermostability on the MCM helicase

February 25, 2009
Author(s)
Nozomi Sakakibara, Frederick P. Schwarz, Zvi Kelman
Minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase is the replicative helicase in archaea. The enzyme utilizes the energy derived from ATP hydrolysis to translocate along one strand of the DNA and unwind the complementary strand. Here, the effect of ATP and DNA on

Competition Between Self-Assembly and Surface Adsorption

February 25, 2009
Author(s)
Jacek Dudowicz, Jack F. Douglas, Karl Freed
We investigate a minimal equilibrium polymerization model of the general competition between self-assembly on a boundary and in solution that arises when an assembling system is near a boundary. Adsorption generally occurs upon cooling, but assembly

Controlled Formation and Resistivity Scaling of Nickel Silicide Nanolines

February 25, 2009
Author(s)
Bin Li, Zhiquan Luo, Paul S. Ho, Li Shi, Lew Rabenberg, JiPing Zhou, Richard A. Allen, Michael W. Cresswell
We demonstrate a top-down method to fabricate nickel mono-silicide (NiSi) nanolines with smooth side walls and linewidths down to 15 nm. Four probe electrical measurements revealed that the electrical resistivity at room temperature remained constant as

Descriptive Metadata Requirements for Long-term Archival of Digital Product Models

February 25, 2009
Author(s)
Joshua Lubell, Ben Kassel, Sudarsan Rachuri
Digital product engineering information comes from a variety of applications ranging from computer-aided design, engineering, and manufacturing software to product data and lifecycle management systems. As the volume of digital engineering data increases

Randomized Hashing for Digital Signatures

February 25, 2009
Author(s)
Quynh H. Dang
NIST-approved digital signature algorithms require the use of an approved cryptographic hash function in the generation and verification of signatures. Approved cryptographic hash functions and digital signature algorithms can be found in FIPS 180-3

2039: A Day in the Life of a Usability Engineer

February 24, 2009
Author(s)
Theresa O'Connell, E Murphy, R Roske-Shelton
As we approach the end of the fourth decade of the twenty-first century, intelligent agents will handle most of the time-consuming drudge work of usability engineering, freeing usability engineers (UEs) to focus on the mental work of analysis and usability

Manufacturing Interoperability Program, a Synopsis

February 24, 2009
Author(s)
Sharon J. Kemmerer
Started in 2005, the Manufacturing Interoperability Program has seen an investment of roughly 25-30 full-time staff who have researched, developed, and deployed standards, tools, techniques, and testing environments --- helping manufacturing enterprise

Roles of CIPM and IAPWS Standards for the Density of Water

February 24, 2009
Author(s)
Allan H. Harvey, R Span, K Fujii, M. Tanaka, Richard Davis
This contribution discusses the relative roles of the standard formulation for the density of liquid water recommended for metrology by the International Committee for Weights and Measures (CIPM) and the thermodynamic property formulation adopted by the

FiPy: PDEs in Python

February 23, 2009
Author(s)
Jonathan E. Guyer, Daniel Wheeler, James A. Warren
Partial differential equations (PDEs) are ubiquitous to the mathematical description of physical phenomena. They describe the relationships between functions of more than one independent variable and partial derivatives with respect to those variables

Study of hydrogen diffusion in superprotonic ionic conductors, MHXO4, by m+SR and QENS

February 21, 2009
Author(s)
Yutaka Ikedo, Hiroshi Nozaki, Masashi Harada, Jun Sugiyama, Taku J. Sato, Yasumitsu Matsuo, Kusuo Nishiyama, James S. Lord, Yiming Qiu, John R. Copley
In order to clarify the mechanism of high proton conductivity (σH+) for superprotonic ionic conductors, MHXO4, where M=Cs and Rb, X=S and Se, muon-spin rotation and relaxation (μ+SR) and quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS) measurements have been

Development of Ultrafast Photochromic Organometallics and Photoinduced Linkage Isomerization of Arene Chromium Carbonyl Derivatives

February 20, 2009
Author(s)
Tung T. To, Edwin J. Heilweil, Duke Charles, Ruddick Kristie, Webster E. Charles, Burkey Theodore
We review recent studies of processes relevant to photoinduced linkage isomerization of organometallic systems with the goal of preparing organometallics with an efficient and ultrafast photochromic response. The organometallic system thus corresponds to

Evaluation of Polydimethylsiloxane Modification Methods for Cell Response

February 20, 2009
Author(s)
Lisa Pakstis, Alan Zheng, Theodore V. Vorburger, Joy P. Dunkers, Timothy P. Quinn, Marcus T. Cicerone
Many methods exist in the literature to modify surfaces with extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins prior to cell attachment. However, there are few studies that systematically compare surface characterization and cell response results among different

High-contrast dark resonances with linearly polarized light on the D 1 line of alkali atoms with large nuclear spin

February 20, 2009
Author(s)
Ken-ichi Watabe, Takeshi Ikegami, Akifumi Takamizawa, Shinya Yanagimachi, Shin-ichi Ohshima, Svenja A. Knappe
High-contrast coherent population trapping signal was observed on the Cs-D1 line using a bichromatic linear polarized light (lin||lin) field. The maximum absorption contrast of about 10% was obtained was nearly two times higher than that measured with the

Switching-off Hydrogen Peroxide Hydrogenation in the Direct Synthesis Process

February 20, 2009
Author(s)
Andrew A. Herzing, Jennifer Edwards, Benjamin Solsona, Edwin Ntainjua, Albert F. Carley, Graham J. Hutchings, Christopher J. Kiely
Hydrogen peroxide is an important disinfectant and bleach and is currently manufactured from an indirect process involving sequential hydrogenation/oxidation of anthraquinones. However, a direct process in which hydrogen and oxygen are reacted would be

Comparison of Measurement Techniques for Linewidth Metrology on Advanced Photomasks

February 19, 2009
Author(s)
Stewart Smith, Andreas Tsiamis, Martin McCallum, Andrew Hourd, J Stevenson, Anthony Walton, Ronald G. Dixson, Richard A. Allen, James E. Potzick, Michael W. Cresswell, Ndubuisi George Orji
This paper compares electrical, optical, and atomic force microscope (AFM) measurements of critical dimension (CD)made on a chrome on quartz photomask. Test structures suitable for direct, on-mask electrical probing have been measured using the above three

Experimental and Simulation Studies of Resistivity of Nanoscale Copper Films

February 19, 2009
Author(s)
Emre Yarimbiyik, Harry A. Schafft, Richard A. Allen, Mark D. Vaudin, Mona E. Zaghloul
The effect of film thickness on the resistivity of thin, evaporated copper films (approximately 10 nm to 150 nm thick) was determined from sheet resistance, film thickness, and mean grain-size measurements by using four-point probe, profilometer, and
Displaying 28701 - 28725 of 73697
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