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Search Publications

NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 5776 - 5800 of 74083

Critical Current Density as a Performance Indicator for Gas-Evolving Electrochemical Devices

August 26, 2020
Author(s)
Jason K. Lee, ChungHyuk Lee, Benzhong Zhao, Jacob LaManna, Eli Baltic, Daniel S. Hussey, David L. Jacobson, Aimy Bazylak
Reaching high current densities is absolutely imperative for electrochemical energy conversion, from fuel cells to CO2 reduction. Here, we identify the existence of a performance indicator for gas-evolving electrochemical energy conversion devices: the

Layering of Magnetic Nanoparticles at Amorphous Magnetic Templates with Perpendicular Anisotropy

August 26, 2020
Author(s)
Apurve Saini, Julie Borchers, Sebastian George, Brian B. Maranville, Kathryn L. Krycka, Joseph Dura, Katharina Theis-Brohl, Max Wolff
We reveal the assembly of monodisperse magnetite nanoparticles of sizes 5 nm, 15 nm and 25 nm from dilute water-based ferrofluids onto an amorphous magnetic template with out-ofplane anisotropy. From neutron reflectometry experiments we extract density

Plasmon Lasers

August 26, 2020
Author(s)
Wenqi Zhu, Shawn M. Divitt, Matthew S. Davis, Cheng Zhang, Ting Xu, Henri Lezec, Amit Agrawal
Recent advancements in the ability to design, fabricate and characterize optical and optoelectronic devices at the nanometer scale have led to tremendous developments in the miniaturization of optical systems and circuits. Development of wavelength scale

Tissue Engineering Measurands

August 26, 2020
Author(s)
Greta Babakhanova, Carl Simon Jr., Deepika Arora
A measurand is defined as the quantity that one intends to measure. As tissue engineering research translates into medical products, companies must prepare regulatory filings that contain many different types of measurement data that are collected about

Effectiveness of dataset reduction in testing machine learning algorithms

August 25, 2020
Author(s)
Raghu N. Kacker, David R. Kuhn
Abstract— Many machine learning algorithms examine large amounts of data to discover insights from hidden patterns. Testing these algorithms can be expensive and time-consuming. There is a need to speed up the testing process, especially in an agile

Impact Analysis Tool for Interdependent Cyber Supply Chain Risks

August 25, 2020
Author(s)
Celia Paulsen, Jon M. Boyens, Jeffrey Ng, Kris Winkler, James Gimbi
As awareness of cybersecurity supply chain risks grows among federal agencies, there is a greater need for tools that evaluate the impacts of a supply chain-related cyber event. This can be a difficult activity, especially for those organizations with

Low damping and high thermal stability of Ru-seeded L10-phase FePd perpendicular magnetic thin films

August 25, 2020
Author(s)
Daniel B. Gopman, Xinjun Wang, Delin Zhang, Dingbin Huang, Ryan Wu, Dustin Lattery, K. Andre Mkhoyan, Xiojia Wang, Jian-Ping Wang
Bulk perpendicular magnetic anisotropy materials are proposed to be a promising candidate for exploring next-generation ultrahigh density and ultralow energy spintronic devices. In this work, we experimentally investigate the structural, thermal stability

NIST Cloud Computing Forensic Science Challenges

August 25, 2020
Author(s)
Martin Herman, Michaela Iorga, Ahsen Michael Salim, Robert H. Jackson, Mark R. Hurst, Ross Leo, Richard Lee, Nancy Landreville, Anand K. Mishra, Yien Wang, Rodrigo Sardinas
This document summarizes research performed by the members of the NIST Cloud Computing Forensic Science Working Group and aggregates, categorizes, and discusses the forensics challenges faced by experts when responding to incidents that have occurred in a

Parallel Prefetching for Canonical Ensemble Monte Carlo Simulations

August 25, 2020
Author(s)
Harold Wickes Hatch
In order to enable large-scale molecular simulations, algorithms must efficiently utilize multi-core processors that continue to increase in total core count over time with relatively stagnant clock speeds. Although parallelized molecular dynamics (MD)

X-ray Scattering Studies of Reverse Osmosis Materials

August 25, 2020
Author(s)
Qinyi Fu, Nisha Verma, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Francisco J. Medellin-Rodriguez, Peter Beaucage, Christopher Stafford, Benjamin M. Ocko
Scarcity of freshwater is becoming a world crisis. In a recent annual risk report, the World Economic Forum lists it in their greatest global risk category. Currently, about four billion people live under conditions of severe water scarcity for at least

2019 NIST/ITL Cybersecurity Program Annual Report

August 24, 2020
Author(s)
Patrick D. O'Reilly, Kristina G. Rigopoulos, Larry Feldman, Gregory A. Witte
During Fiscal Year 2019 (FY 2019), from October 1, 2018 through September 30, 2019, the NIST Information Technology Laboratory (ITL) Cybersecurity and Privacy Program successfully responded to numerous challenges and opportunities in security and privacy

Binary pseudorandom array test standard optimized for characterization of large field-of-view optical interferometers

August 24, 2020
Author(s)
Valeriy V. Yashchuk, Sergey Babin, Stefano Cabrini, Weilun Chao, Ulf Griesmann, Ian Lacey, Stefano Marchesini, Keiko Munechika, Carlos Pina-Hernandez, Allen L. Roginsky
Recently, a technique for calibrating the modulation transfer function (MTF) of a broad variety of metrology instrumentation has been demonstrated. This technique is based on test samples structured as one-dimensional binary pseudo-random (BPR) sequences

Calibration of an AC Voltage Source Using a Josephson Arbitrary Waveform Synthesizer at 4 V

August 24, 2020
Author(s)
Nathan E. Flowers-Jacobs, Alain Rufenacht, Anna E. Fox, Paul D. Dresselhaus, Samuel P. Benz
This paper describes a method for calibrating an ac source using a Josephson Arbitrary Waveform Synthesizer (JAWS) by summing the sources in series and tuning the magnitude and phase of the JAWS to null the combined output voltage. The method requires an

Compact DC Josephson Voltage Standard

August 24, 2020
Author(s)
Alain Rufenacht, Anna E. Fox, Grace E. Butler, Charles J. Burroughs, Paul D. Dresselhaus, Robert E. Schwall, Stefan Cular, Samuel P. Benz
This paper presents precision measurements with a prototype cryogen-liquid-free DC Josephson voltage standard that produces a 1 V maximum output. Its cryostat is sufficiently compact that it can be operated on a bench close to devices under test. Compared

Evaluation of an alternative null detector for adapted Wheatstone bridge

August 24, 2020
Author(s)
Shamith U. Payagala, Alana M. Dee, Dean G. Jarrett
The adapted Wheatstone bridge technique has been utilized at National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and other National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) for high resistance measurements. In this work, we evaluate the suitability of a

Evaluation of NMIJ Traveling Dual Source Bridge Using NIST Adapted Wheatstone Bridge

August 24, 2020
Author(s)
Takehiko Oe, Shamith U. Payagala, Dean G. Jarrett, Nobu-Hisa Kaneko
DC high resistance measurement capability has been evaluated using a NMIJ traveling dual source bridge between NIST and NMIJ. The NMIJ bridge determines the resistance ratio by measuring the voltage ratio using a digital multimeter, 3458A. Based on the

Evolution of the Structural Transition in Mo 1-x W x Te 2

August 24, 2020
Author(s)
John A. Schneeloch, Yu Tao, Chunruo Duan, Masaaki Matsuda, Adam A. Aczel, Jaime A. Fernandez-Baca, Guangyong Xu, Jorg C. Neuefeind, Junjie Yang, Despina Louca
The composition dependence of the structural transition between the monoclinic 1T′ and orthorhombic T d phases in the Mo 1-xW xTe 2 Weyl semimetal was investigated by elastic neutron scattering on single crystals up to x ≅ 0:54. First observed in MoTe 2

Linking Theory to Practice: Predicting Ballistic Performance from Mechanical Properties of Aged Body Armor

August 24, 2020
Author(s)
Amanda L. Forster, Dennis D. Leber, Amy E. Engelbrecht-Wiggans, Virginie A. Landais, Allen Chang, Emilien J. Guigues, Guillaume Messin, Michael A. Riley
It has long been a goal of the body armor testing community to establish an individualized, scientific-based protocol for predicting end-of-life of fielded body armor ballistic performance. A major obstacle in achieving this goal is that the test methods

Ohms Law Low-current Calibration System for Ionization Chambers

August 24, 2020
Author(s)
Dean G. Jarrett, Shamith U. Payagala, Ryan P. Fitzgerald, Denis E. Bergeron, Jeffrey T. Cessna, Charles J. Waduwarage Perera, Neil M. Zimmerman
A system for the calibration of electrometers that measure currents from ionization chambers is described. The calibration system uses a 1 GΩ standard resistor in series with a stable voltage source to generate calibration currents from 1 pA to 20 nA

On Data Integrity Attacks against Industrial Internet of Things

August 24, 2020
Author(s)
Hansong Xu, Wei Yu, Xing Liu, David W. Griffith, Nada T. Golmie
Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is predicted to drive the fourth industrial revolution through massive interconnection of industrial devices, such as sensors, controllers and actuators, integrating advances in smart machinery and data analytics driven
Displaying 5776 - 5800 of 74083