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Physics

Condensed matter

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Displaying 1051 - 1075 of 1237

Signature of magnetic phase separation in the ground state of Pr 1 - x Ca x MnO 3

August 27, 2008
Author(s)
Hao Sha, F Ye, Pengcheng Dai, J. A. Fernandez-Baca, D Mesa, Jeffrey Lynn, Y Tomioka, Y Tokura, Jiandi Zhang
Neutron scattering has been used to investigate the evolution of long- and short-range charge-ordered (CO), ferromagnetic, and antiferromagnetic (AF) correlations in single crystals of Pr1−xCaxMnO3. The existence and population of spin clusters as

Neutron-scattering study of the oxypnictide superconductor LaFeAsO 0.87 F 0.13

August 26, 2008
Author(s)
Yiming Qiu, M. Kofu, Wei Bao, S.-H. Lee, Qingzhen Huang, Taner N. Yildirim, John R. Copley, Jeffrey Lynn, T. Wu, G. Wu, X. H. Chen
The recently discovered superconductor LaO0.87F0.13FeAs (TC≈26 K) was investigated using the neutron-scattering technique. No spin-density-wave (SDW) order was observed in the normal state or in the superconducting state, both with and without an applied

Magnetic order of the iron spins in NdFeAsO

August 21, 2008
Author(s)
Ying Chen, Jeffrey Lynn, Jiying Li, G. J. Li, G. F. Chen, J. L. Luo, N. L. Wang, Pengcheng Dai, Clarnia dela Cruz, H. A. Mook
Polarized and unpolarized neutron diffraction measurements have been carried out to investigate the iron magnetic order in undoped NdOFeAs. Antiferromagnetic order is observed below 141(6) K, which is in close proximity to the structural distortion

Ferromagnetism in CuO-ZnO multilayers

July 28, 2008
Author(s)
C. Sudakar, K. Pradmanabhan, R Naik, G Lawes, Brian Kirby, Sanjiv Kumar, V. M. Naik
We investigated the magnetic properties of CuO–ZnO heterostructures to elucidate the origin of the ferromagnetic signature in Cu doped ZnO. The CuO and ZnO layer thickness were varied from 15 to 150 nm and from 70 to 350 nm⁠, respectively. Rutherford

Electric field control of the magnetic state in Bi Fe O3 single crystals

May 12, 2008
Author(s)
Seoungsu Lee, William D. Ratcliff, S.-W. Cheong, V. Kiryukhin
Single crystals of multiferroic BiFeO 3 were investigated using neutron scattering. Application of an electric field reversibly switches ferroelastic domains, inducing changes in the magnetic structure which follows rotation of the structural domains. In

Shear Thinning Near the Critical Point of Xenon

April 17, 2008
Author(s)
Robert F. Berg, Michael R. Moldover, M Yao, G A. Zimmerli
We measured shear thinning, a viscosity decrease ordinarily associated with complex liquids, near the critical point of xenon. The data span the range of reduced shear rates: 0.001 < γτ < 700, where γτ is the shear rate scaled by the relaxation time τ of

Residual Multiparticle Entropy Does Not Generally Change Sign Near Freezing

April 13, 2008
Author(s)
William P. Krekelberg, Vincent K. Shen, Jeffrey R. Errington, Thomas M. Truskett
The residual multiparticle entropy (RMPE) of two- and three-dimensional fluids changes sign near the freezing line, providing a quasi-universal one-phase rule for the location of the liquid-solid transition. We present new simulation results ford

Operation of an X-ray transition-edge sensor cooled by tunnel junction refrigerators

January 19, 2008
Author(s)
Nathan A. Tomlin, James A. Beall, Gene C. Hilton, Kent D. Irwin, Galen O'Neil, Dan Schmidt, Leila R. Vale, Joel Ullom
We demonstrate successful cooling of an X-ray transition-edge sensor (TES) using solid-state refrigerators based on normal-metal/insulator/superconductor (NIS) tunnel junctions. Above the TES transition temperature (Tc), we use Johnson noise thermometry to

Cosputtered Amorphous Nb_xSi_1-x Barriers for Josephson-Junction Circuits

December 1, 2006
Author(s)
Burm Baek, Paul D. Dresselhaus, Samuel P. Benz
Cosputtered Amorphous NbxSi1-x has been developed as a barrier material for Josephson junction array circuits. This material is not only promising as a normal-metal barrier for state-of-the-art Josephson voltage standard circuits, but the capability of

Scanning Tunneling Microscope - Web Page

November 1, 2006
Author(s)
Marilyn E. Jacox, John William Gadzuk
The scanning tunneling microscope [STM] is widely used in both industrial and fundamental research to obtain atomic-scale images of metal surfaces. It provides a three-dimensional profile of the surface which is very useful for characterizing surface

Thermally Assisted Atom Transfer on Surfaces

February 1, 2006
Author(s)
John William Gadzuk
The low-temperature rates for site-to-site transfer of single atoms and molecules adsorbed on surfaces have been determined in recent scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) studies within the temperature regime where the dominant transfer mechanism changes

Molecular simulation of the diffusivity of NaOH in steam

June 1, 2005
Author(s)
Allan H. Harvey, Raymond D. Mountain
Molecular dynamics simulation is used to calculate the infinite-dilution diffusivity of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in steam at conditions of temperature and density typical of steam turbines. These data are needed in order to better understand deposition

Structure of Polystyrene at the Interface With Various Liquids

September 4, 2004
Author(s)
Clayton S. Yang, P T. Wilson, Lee J. Richter
Vibrationally resonant sum frequency generation (VR-SFG) is used to determine the structure of the phenyl side groups of deuterated polystyrene at the liquid/solid interface for the nonsolvent liquids: hexane, methanol, ethanol, glycerol, and water. The

Dipole Moment of a Pb-O Vacancy Pair in PbTiO 3

April 1, 2004
Author(s)
Eric J. Cockayne, Benjamin P. Burton
The polarization of a nearest-neighbor (nn) Pb-O vacancy pair in PbTiO3 is calculated, using the modern theory of polarization, implemented in the density functional theory ultrasoft pseudopotential formalism. The dipole moment per divacancy is about 2.228

Temperature-Dependent Behavior of PbSc 1/2 Nb 1/2 O 3 From First Principles

July 1, 2001
Author(s)
Eric J. Cockayne, Benjamin P. Burton, L Bellaiche
We study the ferroelectric phase transition in PbSc1/2Nb1/2O3 (PSN) using a first-principles effective Hamiltonian approach. Results for PSN with NaCl-type ordering of Sc and Nb on the B sites shows that a Pb-centered effective Hamiltonian is appropriate
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