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Physics

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Displaying 1851 - 1875 of 2574

Engineered two-dimensional Ising interactions on a trapped-ion quantum simulator with hundreds of spins

April 26, 2012
Author(s)
Joseph W. Britton, Brian C. Sawyer, Adam Keith, C.-C. Joseph Wang, James K. Freericks, Hermann Uys, Michael Biercuk, John J. Bollinger
The presence of long-range quantum spin correlations underlies a variety of physical phenomena in condensed matter systems, potentially including high-temperature superconductivity, making this a fertile area for exploration. Unfortunately, many properties

Automated Clock Comparisons and Time Scale Generation in the SIM Region

April 21, 2012
Author(s)
Michael A. Lombardi, J. Mauricio Lopez-Romero, Nelida Diaz-Munoz
The second, the base unit of time interval in the International System, is defined in terms of the two hyperfine states of the Cesium atom ground energy level. This definition has so far served the metrology community well, and the uncertainty of the best

Matrix-based color measurement corrections of tristimulus colorimeters

April 20, 2012
Author(s)
George P. Eppeldauer, Z. T. Kosztyan, J. D. Schanda
For image taking colorimetry the tristimulus technique is still the best practical method to keep the measurement time within reasonable limits. However, the achievable color measurement uncertainties for special sources can be significant because of the

Magnetoencephalography with a chip-scale atomic magnetometer

April 17, 2012
Author(s)
Svenja A. Knappe, Tillman H. Sander, Jan Preusser, Rahul R. Mhaskar, John E. Kitching, Lutz Trahms
We report on the measurement of somatosensory-evoked and spontaneous magnetoencephalography signals with a chip-scale atomic magnetometer. This uncooled, fiber-coupled sensor has a sensitive volume of 0.58 mm 3 inside a sensor head of volume 1 cm 3. When

High-Accuracy Measurement of Atomic Polarizability in an Optical Lattice Clock

April 13, 2012
Author(s)
Jeffrey A. Sherman, Nathan D. Lemke, Nathan M. Hinkley, M. Pizzocaro, Richard W. Fox, Andrew D. Ludlow, Christopher W. Oates
Presently, the Stark effect contributes the largest source of uncertainty in a ytterbium optical atomic clock through blackbody radiation. By employing an ultracold, trapped atomic ensemble and high stability optical clock, we characterize the quadratic

Resource Letter SS-1: The Spin-Statistics Connection

April 4, 2012
Author(s)
Catalina Curceanu, John Gillaspy, R. C. Hilborn
This Resource Letter provides a guide to the literature on the Spin-Statistics Connection and related issues such as the Pauli Exclusion Principle and particle indistinguishability. Journal articles and books are cited for the following topics: basic

The Evolution of Time Measurement Part V: Radio Controlled Clocks

April 1, 2012
Author(s)
Michael A. Lombardi
A historical article about the origins and the development of radio controlled clocks (Part IV of a IV-part series). It describes the first time signal radio stations, the early use of telegraphic time codes, and the modern use of digital time codes. It

Graphene Carrier Transport Theory

March 31, 2012
Author(s)
Shaffique Adam
In this chapter we study the mechanisms for carrier transport in two dimensional graphene sheets. We demonstrate that at high carrier density, graphene's transport properties depend both on the type of impurities present and on graphene's screening

Quantum interface between an electrical circuit and a single atom

March 30, 2012
Author(s)
Jacob M. Taylor, Dvir Kafri, David Kielpinski, G J. Milburn, M J. Woolley
Atomic systems are remarkably well suited to storage and processing of quantum information. However, their properties are tightly constrained by physical law, causing difficulties in interfacing to optical or electronic devices. On the other hand, quantum

Infrared detector calibrations

March 22, 2012
Author(s)
George P. Eppeldauer, Vyacheslav B. Podobedov
An InSb working standard radiometer, first calibrated at NIST in 1999 against a cryogenic bolometer, was recently calibrated against a newly developed low-NEP pyroelectric transfer standard detector. The pyroelectric transfer standard, which can operate at

Demonstration of on-sky calibration of astronomical spectra using a 20 GHz near-IR laser frequency comb

March 6, 2012
Author(s)
Gabriel G. Ycas, Franklyn J. Quinlan, Scott A. Diddams, Steve Osterman, Chad F. Bender, Brandon Botzer, Lawrence W. Ramsey, Ryan Terrien, Suvrath Mahadevan, Stephen L. Redman
We describe and characterize a 25 GHz laser frequency comb based on a cavity-filtered erbium fiber mode-locked laser that provides a uniform array of optical frequencies stabilized using the GPS-system atomic clocks spanning 1475–1625 nm. This comb was

Extension of the NIST spectral power-responsivity calibration service to 2500 nm

March 2, 2012
Author(s)
George P. Eppeldauer, Howard W. Yoon, Jinan Zeng, Thomas C. Larason, Jeanne M. Houston, Vladimir Khromchenko
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is working to extend the upper wavelength limit of the spectral power-responsivity calibration service from 1800 nm to 2500 nm. This extension is based on extended-InGaAs (EIGA) transfer- and

CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants: 2010

March 1, 2012
Author(s)
Peter J. Mohr, Barry N. Taylor, David B. Newell
This paper give the 2010 self-consistent set of values of the basic constants and conversion factors of physics and chemistry recommended by the Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA) for international use. The 2010 adjustment takes into

Reduced microwave loss in trenched superconducting coplanar waveguides

February 20, 2012
Author(s)
Michael R. Vissers, Jeffrey S. Kline, Jiansong Gao, David S. Wisbey, David P. Pappas
Low loss TiN resonators were fabricated on 3" intrinsic Si substrates. By exploiting the etch rate anisotropy in a parallel plate reactive ion etch, otherwise identical coplanar waveguides with gaps of varying depth were created in the same TiN film within

Quantum state preparation and control of single molecular ions

February 14, 2012
Author(s)
Dietrich G. Leibfried
Preparing molecules at rest and in a highly pure electronic, rotational and vibrational quantum state is a long standing dream in chemistry and physics, so far only achieved for a select set of molecules in experimental setups dedicated to that species

A High-Resolution Atlas of Uranium-Neon in the H Band

February 3, 2012
Author(s)
Scott A. Diddams, Stephen L. Redman, Gabriel G. Ycas, Ryan Terrien, Suvrath Mahadevan, Lawrence W. Ramsey, Chad F. Bender, Steve Osterman, Franklyn J. Quinlan, James E. Lawler, Gillian Nave
The rapid advance in near-infrared (NIR) detector technology in the past decade has lead to a number of high-resolution astronomical spectrometers that are either in operation or in the planning stages. Precision wavelength calibration techniques

Standardization of Broadband UV Measurements for 365 nm LED Sources

February 2, 2012
Author(s)
George P. Eppeldauer
Broadband UV measurements are analyzed when UV-A irradiance meters measure optical radiation from 365-nm sources. The CIE standardized rectangular-shape UV-A function can be realized only with large spectral mismatch errors. The spectral power-distribution
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