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Materials

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Displaying 1926 - 1950 of 2366

Examination of Multiphase (Zr,Ti)(V,Cr,Mn,Ni)2 Ni-MH Electrode Alloys. Part 2: Solid-State Transformation of the Interdendritic B2 Phase Phase

August 15, 2010
Author(s)
Leonid A. Bendersky, Ke Wang, William J. Boettinger, Dale E. Newbury, K. Young, B. Chao
Multi-component Zr-Ti-Ni-TM (TM=V, Cr, Mn and Co) cast alloys intended for use as negative electrodes in Ni metal hydride batteries were studied to determine the solidification microstructure and solidification path in the Part I of this paper. Part II of

Solidification of a heterogeneous Multiphase Laves-based Hydrogen Storage Alloy

August 15, 2010
Author(s)
William J. Boettinger, Dale E. Newbury, Ke Wang, Leonid A. Bendersky, Chun Chiu, Ursula R. Kattner, K. Young, B. Chao
The solidification microstructure of a nine-element Zr-Ni based AB(sub 2) type C14/C15 Laves hydrogen storage alloy is determined. The selected composition represents a class of alloys being examined for usage as a metal hydride electrode in nickel metal

Surface Energy/Chemistry Gradients for Block Copolymer Thin Film Studies

August 2, 2010
Author(s)
Julie N. Albert, Michael J. Baney, Christopher Stafford, Jennifer Y. Kelly, Thomas H. Epps
Development of self-assembling block copolymer materials for emerging nanotechnologies requires an understanding of how surface energy and chemistry affect thin film phase behavior. Gradient methods provide an effective route to explore the role of surface

The Role of Folding in the Degradation of Ballistic Fibers

August 2, 2010
Author(s)
Gale A. Holmes, Walter G. McDonough, Jae H. Kim, Derek L. Ho
Failures of certified soft body armor led to a call to understand the underlying mechanisms of the failure. Research has indicated that the folding of ballistic fibers comprising the soft body armor may be a factor in the performance deterioration that has

Quartz crystal microbalance for in-situ monitoring of laser cleaning of carbon nanotubes

August 1, 2010
Author(s)
Katie Hurst, Abram Van Der Geest, Mark T. Lusk, Elisabeth Mansfield, John H. Lehman
Photochemical changes of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), graphite and amorphous carbon have been investigated with a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). The method of in-situ measurements reduces our uncertainty that is attributable to

Standard Reference Material 660b for X-ray Metrology

August 1, 2010
Author(s)
David R. Black, Donald A. Windover, Albert Henins, James J. Filliben, James P. Cline
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) certifies a suite of Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) to address specific aspects of instrument performance of powder diffractometers. This report describes SRM 660b, the third generation of this

Impact of molecular mass on the elastic modulus of polystyrene thin films

July 31, 2010
Author(s)
Jessica M. Torres, Christopher Stafford, Bryan D. Vogt
Euler wrinkling was used to determine the elastic modulus at ambient temperature of polystyrene (PS) films of varying thickness and relative molecular mass (Mn). A range of Mn from 1.2 kg/mol to 990 kg/mol was examined to determine if the molecular size

Computational study of the dielectric properties of [La,Sc] 2 O 3 solid solutions

July 11, 2010
Author(s)
Hiroyoshi Momida, Eric J. Cockayne, Naoto Umezawa, Takahisa Ohno
First-principles calculations were used to compute the dielectric permittivities of hypothetical [La,Sc]2O3 solid solutions in the cubic (bixbyite) and hexagonal La2O3 phases. Dielectric enhancement is predicted at small Sc concentrations due to the

Modeling Reactive Wetting when Inertial Effects are Dominant

June 30, 2010
Author(s)
Daniel Wheeler, James A. Warren, William J. Boettinger
Recent experimental studies of molten metal droplets wetting and spreading on high temperature reactive substrates have established that the majority of triple-line motion occurs when inertial effects are dominant. In light of these studies, this paper

Thermodynamic model of hydride formation and dissolution in spherical particles

June 30, 2010
Author(s)
Yuri Mishin, William J. Boettinger
A model of hydride formation and dissolution has been proposed for a single spherical nano-particle and for a colletion of such particles with a given size distribution. The phase transformation strain gives rise to an elastic barrier of the transformation

Multi-Scale Pore Morphology in Vapor-Deposited Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Coatings

June 16, 2010
Author(s)
Derek D. Hass, H. Zhao, Tabbetha A. Dobbins, Andrew J. Allen, Andrew Slifka, H. N. Wadley
A high pressure, electron-beam directed-vapor deposition process has been used to deposit partially stabilized zirconia containing 7 % yttria by mass at deposition pressures of 7.5 Pa to 23 Pa. Anisotropic ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering (USAXS) was

Tooth chipping can reveal bite forces and diets of fossil hominins

June 16, 2010
Author(s)
Paul Constantino, James J. Lee, H Chai, Bernhard Zipfel, Charles Ziscovici, Brian R. Lawn, Peter Lucas
Fossil hominin tooth enamel often exhibits antemortem edge chipping (Robinson 1954; Tobias 1967; Wallace 1973). Here we apply a simple fracture equation to estimate peak bite forces from the sizes of such chips. This equation, previously validated by

Role of Nanoparticles in Life Cycle of Nanocomposites

June 15, 2010
Author(s)
Xiaohong Gu, Guodong Chen, Minhua Zhao, Stephanie S. Watson, Paul E. Stutzman, Tinh Nguyen, Joannie W. Chin, Jonathan W. Martin
The objective of this study is to investigate the role of ZnO nanoparticles in the life cycle of a waterborne polyurethane (PU) nanocomposite during UV exposure. The effects of loadings and sizes of ZnO nanoparticles on photodegradation of ZnO/PU films

From the bottom up measuring bulk mechanical properties via microtechnology

June 10, 2010
Author(s)
Nicholas Barbosa, Sudook A. Kim, David T. Read
The micromechanics community has developed a large set of tools for measuring the properties of micro- and nano-scaled materials. These new tools have been successfully applied to a range of materials, most often in thin-film form, to determine the

Dynamic Deformation of Jacketed Lead Bullets Captured By High Speed DIC

June 7, 2010
Author(s)
Steven P. Mates
The development of high fidelity simulations of lead-cored bullet impacts on soft body armor, motivated by the need for improved armor designs and performance standards for law enforcement, requires accurate models for both the armor and the deformable
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