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A probabilistic methodology is presented for estimating the building fire losses. This methodology is applied to the specific case of residential upholstered furniture (RUF) fires. The objective of this application is to assess the fire losses associated
Valeri I. Babushok, Peter Deglmann, Gregory T. Linteris, Roland H. Kraemer
A kinetic model for flame inhibition by antimony-halogen compounds in hydrocarbon flames is developed. Thermodynamic data for the relevant species are assembled from the literature, and calculations are performed for a large set of additional species of Sb
Gregory T. Linteris, Nicolas Bouvet, Valeri I. Babushok, Fumiaki Takahashi, Viswanath R. Katta, Roland Kraemer
Phosphorus-containing compounds are added to polymers as fire retardants, and they are believed to act in both the gas and solid phase. In gaseous flame studies, they have been shown to be very effective gas-phase flame inhibitors; however, their
Yeon S. Kim, Nasir M. Uddin, Marc R. Nyden, Richard H. Harris Jr., Savelas A. Rabb, Rick D. Davis
Certain engineered nanoparticles (ENP) reduce the flammability of components used in soft furnishings (mattresses and upholstered furniture). Most commonly these ENPs are montmorillonite clay (MMTs), multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) and carbon
Montmorillonite clay (MMT) is frequently used to create fire resistance in Layer-by-Layer (LbL) applied coatings. This manuscript reports that switching the MMT with layered double hydroxides (LDH) produced a more effective fire resistant coating on
Gregory T. Linteris, Fumiaki Takahashi, Viswanath R. Katta, Valeri I. Babushok
Computation has been performed for a methane-air co-flow diffusion flame, in the cup-burner configuration, with a phosphorus- containing compound (PCC), dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) or phosphoric acid, added to the oxidizer stream. The time- dependent
Rick D. Davis, Shonali Nazare, Szabolcs Matko, William M. Pitts, Mauro Zammarano
The document will be used to facilitate discussions between California Bureau of Electronics and Appliance Repair, Home Furnishings, and Thermal Insulation (CBEARHFTI) and us (Fire Research Division (FRD) at the National Institute of Standards and
Jiann C. Yang, Matthew F. Bundy, John L. Gross, Anthony P. Hamins, Fahim Sadek, Anand Raghunathan
This report summarizes the results of the global meeting to develop the International R&D Roadmap for Fire Resistance of Structures (the Roadmap) held May 2122, 2014, in Gaithersburg, Maryland. The workshop was sponsored by the National Institute of
Richard G. Gann, Morgan Bruns, Amanda Robbins, Edward J. Hnetkovsky, Michael Ladas
The introduction of cigarette ignition propensity standards has led to a reduction in the availability of high ignition propensity commercial cigarettes. Since high ignition propensity cigarettes are needed for soft furnishing flammability tests, a
Primary focus of this paper is to review existing test methods that quantify steam burn injuries and to compare bench-scale test methods that use pre-wetted samples as opposed to external steam exposures to evaluate heat and moisture transfer in protective
Nicolas Bouvet, Gregory T. Linteris, Valeri I. Babushok, Fumiaki Takahashi, Viswanath R. Katta
The effectiveness of phosphorus-containing compounds as gas-phase combustion inhibitors varies widely with flame type. To understand this behavior, experiments are performed with dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) added to the oxidizer stream of methane-air
Gregory T. Linteris, Fumiaki Takahashi, Viswanath R. Katta, Valeri I. Babushok
The interaction of the gas-phase mechanisms of phosphorus flame retardants with the co-flow diffusion flame structure has been investigated computationally to complement the experimental research at NIST. Time-dependent axisymmetric computation was
A fundamental mathematical model of carpet is needed for studying the impact of component materials and thicknesses on tests that measure flammability. Of particular interest is the ASTM E648 radiant panel test, which is used to qualify floor coverings for