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Fire

Materials flammability

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Displaying 1 - 25 of 147

Thermal Exposure of Objects Near Burning Electrical Enclosures

September 11, 2025
Author(s)
Kevin McGrattan, Isaac Leventon, Scott Bareham, Gabriel Taylor
This report documents a series of fire experiments performed within steel electrical enclosures and on open "ladder back" cable trays. The first objective is to measure the heat release rates and qualitatively understand the burning behavior of circuit

Measurement of the Smoldering and Flaming Heats of Combustion of Vegetative Fuels

June 30, 2025
Author(s)
Isaac Leventon, Karen De Lannoye, Ryan Greene
T The combustion of vegetative fuels or biomass has important applications in energy generation, wildfire spread, and structural fire safety. It is critical to be able to accurately quantify the energy content of these fuels (i.e., their respective heats

Deformation of PMMA samples in cone calorimeter and anaerobic gasification experiments

October 20, 2024
Author(s)
Karen De Lannoye, Isaac Leventon, Lucie Hasalova, Alexander Belt, Ernst-Arndt Reinecke, Lukas Arnold
16 Cone calorimetry and anaerobic gasification experiments are often used to assess material 17 flammability of bench-scale (coupon sized) samples in response to well-characterized external radiant 18 heating. In this project, it has been observed that the

Effects of Weathering and Formulation on the Properties of Vinyl Siding

September 23, 2024
Author(s)
Ronald Lankone, Mauro Zammarano, Song Jhang, Ickchan Kim, David Goodwin, Gianluca Sarti, Stefano Gardi, Camillo Cardelli, Lipiin Sung
Vinyl siding has become a popular choice for residential exteriors across the United States. In its insulated form, this siding includes a shell, capstock, and substrate, that encase a foamed material, serving as an efficient insulating material. While it

The NIST Material Flammability Database

May 1, 2024
Author(s)
Isaac Leventon, Morgan Bruns, Michael Heck
7 The fire modeling community is actively working to develop the tools needed to quantitatively predict material 8 and product flammability behavior (e.g., ignition, burning rate, fire growth). Such predictions require accurate 9 and efficient simulation

The Impact of Material Composition on Ignitability and Fire Growth. Volume 1: Full-Scale Burning Behavior of Combustible Solids Commonly Found in Nuclear Power Plants

February 13, 2024
Author(s)
Isaac Leventon, Michael Heck, Kevin B. McGrattan, Matthew Bundy, Rick D. Davis
This report provides an overview of quantitative measurement data and visual observations obtained from a series of 52 full-scale fire growth experiments conducted on 16 unique combustible solids including: natural and synthetic polymers, copolymers

New Fire Protection Materials

January 26, 2024
Author(s)
Andre Thompson
Residential upholstered furniture (RUF) is the leading combustible in fatal fires in the United States. In the last few decades, fire-retardant (FRs) chemicals have been largely used in attempt to reduce RUF flammability; however, concerns about possible

Heats of Combustion and Related Properties of Pure Substances

December 5, 2023
Author(s)
Donald R. Burgess Jr., Anthony Hamins
In this work, we compiled and evaluated various properties pertaining to the heats of combustion of about 420 compounds of physical, chemical, and engineering interest. This includes boiling points, melting points, latent heats (enthalpies) of vaporization

An analysis of the sensitivity of the rate of buoyancy-driven flame spread on a solid material to uncertainties in the pyrolysis and combustion properties. Is accurate prediction possible?

August 1, 2023
Author(s)
Yan Ding, Isaac Leventon, Stanislav Stoliarov
An upward, buoyancy-driven flame spread on combustible solids is frequently the dominant contributor to the growth of fire in built environment. Thus, an ability to accurately predict the development of a fire is strongly linked to the accuracy of flame

Fire Protection of Wood with an Environmentally Benign UV-Cured Polyelectrolyte Complex

July 7, 2023
Author(s)
Sarah Fisher, Danixa Rodriguez-Melendez, Ethan Iverson, Thomas Kolibaba, Jaime Grunlan
The use of wood in home and commercial structures has continued to grow in recent years, but its flammability poses a threat to lives and property. Previous attempts to flame retard wood have utilized harmful halogenated chemistries or required complex

The MaCFP Condensed Phase Working Group: A Structured, Global Effort Towards Pyrolysis Model Development

November 23, 2021
Author(s)
Isaac Leventon, Benjamin Batiot, Morgan Bruns, Simo Hostikka, Yuji Nakamura, Pedro Reszka, Thomas Rogaume, Stanislav Stoliarov
The International Association for Fire Safety Science (IAFSS) Working Group on Measurement and Computation of Fire Phenomena (i.e., the MaCFP Working Group) has been established as a global collaborative effort between experimentalists and modelers in the

Demonstration of an all-in-one solution for fire safe upholstery furniture: A benign backcoating for smoldering and flame-resistant cover fabrics

August 15, 2021
Author(s)
Ickchan Kim, Andre Thompson, Sung Chan Kim, Anthony Hamins, Matthew Bundy, Shonali Nazare, Rick D. Davis, Mauro Zammarano
The development of fire prevention and mitigation technologies with a benign toxicological and environmental profile has become of particular interest in the USA due to the recent adoption of state regulations that severely restrict the use of flame

Performance and Failure Mechanism of Fire Barriers in Full-Scale Chair Mock-ups

July 13, 2021
Author(s)
Andre Thompson, Ickchan Kim, Anthony Hamins, Matthew Bundy, Mauro Zammarano
The effectiveness and the failure mechanism of fire barriers in residential upholstered furniture were investigated by full-scale flaming tests on upholstered chair mock-ups. Six commercial fire barriers were tested in this study. Fire barriers were
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