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Role of Interfacial Water in the Adhesion Loss of Polymer/Substrate Systems and Composites

June 21, 2007

Author(s)

Tinh Nguyen, Joannie W. Chin, E Byrd, David Alshed, Cyril Clerici, Jonathan W. Martin

Water at the polymer/substrate interface in coatings, adhesives, and fiber-reinforced polymer composites is often the main cause of adhesion loss in these systems. Using experimental data measured in this study, we critically assess the role of interfacial

Phase Analysis of Hydraulic Cements by X-Ray Powder Diffraction: ASTM Precision, Bias, and Qualification

June 15, 2007

Author(s)

Paul E. Stutzman, Stefan D. Leigh

Cements classification is based, in part, upon phase composition. Traditionally, estimates of composition have been made using bulk chemical analyses and the Bogue calculations that were developed over 75 years ago. Since their introduction, these

Building Information for Emergency Responders

June 8, 2007

Author(s)

Stephen J. Treado, Alan B. Vinh, David G. Holmberg, Michael A. Galler

This paper describes a methodology for controlling access to building information to approved external entities such as police, fire and public safety officials. Building automation systems frequently monitor critical building information, including the

Computational Model of Dissipation of Oxygen From an Outward Leak of a Closed-Circuit Breathing Device (NIST TN 1484)

June 1, 2007

Author(s)

Kathryn M. Butler

Closed-circuit breathing devices recycle exhaled air after scrubbing carbon dioxide and adding make-up oxygen from a tank of pure oxygen. Use of this equipment allows first responders to work for up to four hours without swapping out cylinders and

Cone Calorimeter Analysis of UL-94 V-Rated Plastics

June 1, 2007

Author(s)

A B. Morgan, Matthew F. Bundy

Cone calorimeter analysis was conducted on 18 thermoplastics with different UL-94 vertical burn test (V) ratings. Ratings varied from V-0 to no rating (NR), and the types of thermoplastics included were polycarbonate (PC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene

Database-Assisted Design of Low-Rise Buildings for Wind Loads: Recent Developments and Comparisons With ASCE/SEI 7-05

May 17, 2007

Author(s)

Joseph A. Main

While specialized wind tunnel tests are routinely conducted in the design of high-rise buildings, constraints on project budgets and timelines generally do not permit wind tunnel testing in the design of low-rise buildings. Instead, simplified wind load

Workshop Objectives (NIST SP 1051)

May 3, 2007

Author(s)

Rodney A. Bryant

There is a need for real-time identification of hazards to enable selection of appropriate respiratory protection for firefighters. The challenge is to transfer the protocols and technology used in industrial environments where the respiratory threats are

Combination of Transient Plane Source and Slug Calorimeter Measurements to Estimate the Thermal Properties of Fire Resistive Materials

May 2, 2007

Author(s)

Dale P. Bentz

The thermal properties of fire resistive materials (FRMs) as a function of temperature critically influence their ability to protect a (steel) structure during a fire exposure. Measurement of these properties is complicated by the microstructural

Experimental Transient Performance of a Heat Pump Equipped With a Distillation Column

May 1, 2007

Author(s)

J G. Gebbie, M K. Jensen, Piotr A. Domanski

A series of experiments was conducted on a heat pump equipped with a distillation column. The system was operated with R32 and with a 30/70 % by mass mixture of R32/134a to examine the difference between the transient performance trends with a pure fluid

Optimization of Finned-Tube Condensers Using an Intelligent System

May 1, 2007

Author(s)

Piotr A. Domanski, David A. Yashar

The refrigerant circuitry influences a heat exchanger s attainable capacity. Typically, a design engineer specifies a circuitry and validates it using a simulation model or laboratory test. The circuitry optimization process can be improved by using

Verification and Validation of Selected Fire Models for Nuclear Power Plant Applications. Volume 2. Experimental Uncertainty (NUREG 1824)

May 1, 2007

Author(s)

Anthony P. Hamins, Kevin B. McGrattan

The purpose of this volume is to provide a means for quantitative comparison of model simulations and measurements. The methodology employed follows the guidelines outlined in ASTM E 1355, Standard Guide for Evaluating the Predictive Capability of

Verification and Validation of Selected Fire Models for Nuclear Power Plant Applications. Volume 5. Consolidated Fire Growth and Smoke Transport Model (CFAST) (NUREG-1824)

May 1, 2007

Author(s)

Richard D. Peacock, Paul A. Reneke

As the use of fire modeling tools increases in support of day-to-day nuclear power plant (NPP) applications including fire risk studies, the importance of verification and validation (V&V) studies for these tools also increases. V&V studies provide the

A Stokes Permeability Solver for Three-Dimensional Porous Media

April 4, 2007

Author(s)

Dale P. Bentz, Nicos Martys

A set of C and Fortran computer programs have been developed for computing the permeability of three-dimensional porous media under incompressible Stokes flow conditions. In this NISTIR, the background for developing these codes is reviewed and the

Uniaxial Crushing of Cellular Sandwich Plates Under Air Blast

April 3, 2007

Author(s)

Joseph A. Main, George A. Gazonas

Sandwich plates with cellular metal cores are being widely considered for blast mitigation applications, due largely to the energy absorption capacity of the cellular core material. Computational simulations have shown that sandwich plates exhibit reduced

A Low Cost Digital Vibration Meter

April 1, 2007

Author(s)

William V. Payne, Jon Geist

This report describes the development of a low cost vibration amplitude sensor. The processes used to develop this sensor involve the use of Micro-Electronic and Mechanical Systems (MEMS) manufacturing techniques. The major mechanical element of the

Enhancement of the Virtual Cybernetic Building Testbed to Include a Zone Fire Model With HVAC Components

April 1, 2007

Author(s)

Cheol D. Park, Paul A. Reneke, Michael A. Galler, Steven T. Bushby, William D. Davis

As part of a Cybernetic Building Systems project at the NIST Building and Fire Research Laboratory, a whole building emulator called the Virtual Cybernetic Building Testbed (VCBT) has been developed. The VCBT combines simulation tools with commercial

Survey of HSPF and Heating Capacity Ratings for ICM Mixed Systems Relative to OEM Mixed Systems and Highest Sales Volume Tested Combinations

April 1, 2007

Author(s)

William V. Payne

This investigation compares the Heating Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF) and the high temperature heating capacity (Q(47)) ratings of Independent Coil Manufacturers (ICMs) and Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) to determine the distribution of mixed

The NIST-NOAA Resilient Communities Cooperative Initiative and Its Contribution to Coastal Community Resilience

April 1, 2007

Author(s)

John Gaynor, Emil Simiu

Inspired by the development of a collaborative plan on understanding wildland fires, their interaction with weather and the built environment, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Vibration of Tensioned Beams With Intermediate Damper. I: Formulation, Influence of Damper Location

April 1, 2007

Author(s)

Joseph A. Main, Nicholas P. Jones

Exact analytical solutions are formulated for the complex eigenmodes of tensioned beams with an intermediate viscous damper. The problem is formulated using the dynamic stiffness method, and characteristic equations are obtained for both clamped and pinned

Vibration of Tensioned Beams with Intermediate Damper. II: Damper Near Support

April 1, 2007

Author(s)

Joseph A. Main, Nicholas P. Jones

Exact analytical solutions are used to investigate the complex eigenfrequencies of tensioned beams with a viscous damper attached transversely near a support, for which the complex eigenfrequencies remain fairly close to their undamped values. This problem

Large Scale Experiments on Structures under Fire Loading:2 Behavior of Full-Scale Frames with Slim Floor Slab Construction under Furnace Loading

March 30, 2007

Author(s)

Yuli Dong, Kuldeep R. Prasad

In recent years, increasing interest has been shown in developing and designing slim floor systems in steel-framed buildings. This paper describes the results of a furnace test conducted on two full-scale composite steel frames with slim floor slab

ASHRAE Standard 62.1: Problems, Perceptions and Panaceas?

March 1, 2007

Author(s)

Andrew K. Persily, Dennis Stanke, Gordon Holness, Richard Hermans

ASHRAE Standard 62 was first published in 1973, with the title Standards for Natural and Mechanical Ventilation [REF]. The most recent version (designated as 62.1 and titled Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality) was published in 2004, with some

Building Retrofits for Increased Protection Against Airborne Chemical and Biological Releases

March 1, 2007

Author(s)

Andrew K. Persily, Robert E. Chapman, Steven J. Emmerich, William S. Dols, Heather Davis, Priya D. Lavappa, Amy S. Rushing

Due to concerns about potential airborne chemical and biological (chembio) releases in or near buildings, building owners and managers and other decision makers are considering retrofitting buildings to provide some degree of protection against such events

Evaluating Positive Pressure Ventilation In Large Structures: High-Rise Pressure Experiments(NISTIR 7412)

March 1, 2007

Author(s)

Stephen Kerber, Daniel M. Madrzykowski, D W. Stroup

One hundred and sixty experiments were conducted in a thirty-story vacant office building in Toledo, Ohio to evaluate the ability of fire department positive pressure ventilation fans to pressurize a stairwell in a high-rise structure in accordance with

Evaluation of Standard Product Models for Supporting Automated Erection of Structural Steelwork

March 1, 2007

Author(s)

Vineet Kamat, Robert R. Lipman

Automation is being increasingly explored as a possible solution for safely increasing productivity in structural steelwork erection. The research investigates the extent to which the CIMsteel Integration Standards (CIS/2) can support automated steelwork