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Fire

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Displaying 1001 - 1025 of 3910

Inter-laboratory study approach to validate the performance of a prototype reference material for product emissions testing

May 2, 2011
Author(s)
Cynthia H. Reed, Andrew K. Persily, Zhe Liu, Steve Cox, John Little, Wolfgang Horn, Olaf Wilke, Katharina Wiegner
Product emissions chamber testing involves a complex protocol with several sources of measurement uncertainty (ASTM, 2010; ISO, 2006). Despite the potential for significant variability in measurement results within and among laboratories, there is no

Rheological Characterization of Flow Table Reference Material

April 29, 2011
Author(s)
Chiara F. Ferraris, Haleh Azari
The flow table is a standardized test that is widely used to qualify a mortar to be tested for compressive strength and air content. It is also the only standard test to quantify a mortar workability property. Therefore, the calibration of this device is

LABORATORY ACCELERATED AND NATURAL WEATHERING OF STYRENE-ETHYLENE-BUTADIENE-STYRENE (SEBS) BLOCK COPOLYMER: ACCELERATION AND CORRELATION

March 23, 2011
Author(s)
Kar T. Tan, Christopher C. White, David J. Benatti, Deborah S. Jacobs, Donald L. Hunston
Indoor accelerated and outdoor field weathering of styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer have been studied by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. In the indoor accelerated experiments, specimens are exposed to ultraviolet-visible

Technical Study of the Sofa Super Store Fire, South Carolina, June 18, 2007, Volume I

March 14, 2011
Author(s)
Nelson P. Bryner, Stephen P. Fuss, Bryan W. Klein, Anthony D. Putorti Jr.
A fire occurred on the evening of June 18, 2007, in the Sofa Super Store in Charleston, SC. NIST analyzed the fire ground, consulted with other experts, and performed computer simulations of fire growth alternatives. Based on these analyses, the following

High Pressure Release and Dispersion of Hydrogen in a Partially Enclosed Compartment

March 1, 2011
Author(s)
Kuldeep R. Prasad, Thomas G. Cleary, William M. Pitts, Jiann C. Yang
The study of compressed hydrogen release from high-pressure storage systems has practical application for hydrogen and fuel cell technologies. Such releases may occur either due to accidental damage to a storage tank or connecting piping, or direct PRD

CHARACTERIZING FIREBRAND EXPOSURE DURING WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE FIRES.

February 2, 2011
Author(s)
Samuel L. Manzello, Ethan I. Foote, John Liu
This study examines the size distribution and other characteristics of firebrand exposure during the 2007 Angora Fire, a severe Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) fire in California. Of the 401 houses that received direct interface fire exposure 61% were

EXPOSING SIDING TREATMENTS AND WALLS FITTED WITH EAVES TO FIREBRAND SHOWERS

February 2, 2011
Author(s)
Samuel L. Manzello, Sayaka S. Suzuki, Yoshihiko Hayashi
An experimental campaign was undertaken to determine vulnerabilities of siding treatments and walls fitted with eaves to firebrand bombardment using the NIST Dragon installed in the Building Research Institute’s Fire Research Wind Tunnel Facility (FRWTF)

Spent Fuel Cask Seal Performance Testing: Interim Report (NIST TN 1687)

January 31, 2011
Author(s)
Jiann C. Yang, Edward J. Hnetkovsky
High-temperature metallic seal performance tests were performed. All the tests were conducted at either 800 °C or 427 °C for 9 hours in a electrical furnace. In the three repeated tests under similar beyond-design-basis thermal exposure conditions of 9

Enticing arsonists with broken windows and social disorder

January 6, 2011
Author(s)
Douglas Thomas, David Butry, Jeffrey P. Prestemon
Arson rates vary widely across the U.S., and much of this variation can be traced to fuel and weather factors related to ignition success and socioeconomic factors shown to influence crime rates. In criminology, it is well understood that indicators of

Droplet/Surface Interaction: Relevance to Fire Suppression

January 5, 2011
Author(s)
Anthony P. Hamins
Due to the ban of Halon 1301 under the Montreal Protocol, new liquid fire suppressants have been proposed as possible alternatives to Halon 1301 in certain fires. It has been reported that in the case of water mist fire suppression systems, a large

Suppression Limits of Low Strain Rate Non-Premixed Flames

January 5, 2011
Author(s)
Matthew F. Bundy, Anthony P. Hamins
The suppression of low strain rate non-premixed flames was investigated experimentally in a counterflow configuration through the development of a methodology that allows establishment of laminar flames free from conductive heat losses. The method allows

Clean agent suppression of energized electrical equipment fires

January 3, 2011
Author(s)
Gregory T. Linteris
The NFPA 2001 standard on the use of clean agents for the suppression of fires arose from the phase-out of Halon 1301. Standard methods exists for specifying the amount of clean agent required for Class A and Class B fires, but the recommendation for Class

Effects of Fuel Location and Distribution on Full-Scale Underventilated Compartment Fires

January 3, 2011
Author(s)
Andrew J. Lock, Cheolhong Hwang, Matthew F. Bundy, Erik L. Johnsson, Gwon H. Ko
Experimental and numerical studies were conducted to investigate the effect of fuel location and distribution on full-scale underventilated compartment fires in an ISO 9705 room. Heptane fuel was burned in three different fuel distributions: single

Modeling Smoldering Fires using the Computer Model CONTAM

December 1, 2010
Author(s)
William D. Davis
The computer model CONTAM was used to simulate the spread of smoke in a house with a working furnace during smoldering fires. Three smoldering experiments from a study on detector sensitivity and siting requirements conducted in 1975 using a two story
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