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Fire

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Displaying 926 - 950 of 3901

Fire Exposures of Fire Fighter Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus Facepiece Lenses

November 29, 2011
Author(s)
Amy E. Mensch, George G. Cajaty Barbosa Braga, Nelson P. Bryner
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), conducted experiments which demonstrated a range of realistic thermal exposures and environmental conditions that firefighters could be exposed to. Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) facepieces

Guidelines for Fire Design of Steel Beam-Columns: Part II, Beams.

November 22, 2011
Author(s)
M. M. Dwaikat, V. K. Kodur
Steel structures when exposed to fire develop significant fire induced forces and deformations, and these effects are to be properly accounted for in evaluating realistic response of structural systems. The current design methodologies are based on

Ignition Propensity of Hydrogen in the Presence of Metal Surfaces.

November 22, 2011
Author(s)
Chih-Jen Sung, James S. T'ien, Kyle Brady
Hydrogen as an energy carrier has received much attention in recent years as a result of a confluence of economic, environmental, and political pressures on the continued use of fossil fuels. The benefits of using hydrogen fuel over fossil fuel products

Wildfire Modeling.

November 22, 2011
Author(s)
Steven K. Krueger
This report documents the development and testing of the LES (Large Eddy Simulator) version of the WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) model coupled with SFIRE, the wildland surface fire module, to simulate wildland fires. The relevance of this work to

Tracking the National Fire Problem: The Data behind the Statistics

November 21, 2011
Author(s)
Douglas S. Thomas, David T. Butry
The objective of this report is to support the development of descriptive statistics and associated measures of uncertainty for characterizing, tracking, and better understanding the root causes of the U.S. fire burden by identifying the relevant costs and

Home Cooking Fire Mitigation: Technology Assessment. Final Report.

November 1, 2011
Author(s)
Joshua Dinaburg, Daniel T. Guttuk
Cooking related fires are a leading cause of U.S. fire loss. Beginning in the mid 1980's, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Consumer Product Safety Commission, and the home appliance industry undertook a comprehensive review 1 of

Modeling Produces Insight into Fire Behavior

November 1, 2011
Author(s)
Adam M. Barowy, Daniel M. Madrzykowski
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is the leader in the development of computer-based fire models that simulate the movement of fire gases and heat through a building and estimate the response of various fire protection systems. NIST

Modeling and Analysis of Disproportionate Collapse of RC Structures

October 31, 2011
Author(s)
Yihai Bao, Hai S. Lew, S K. Kunnath
Collapse analyses of a 10-story reinforced concrete frame building are carried out to investigate the robustness of structural systems against column removal scenarios. Computationally efficient reduced models are developed and used in the analyses. The

Predicting Human Behavior during Fires

October 4, 2011
Author(s)
Erica D. Kuligowski
Evacuation models, including engineering hand calculations and computational tools, are used to evaluate the level of safety provided by buildings during evacuation. Building designs and occupant procedures are based on the results produced from these

Mathematical Modeling of Wildland-Urban Interface Fires.

September 14, 2011
Author(s)
Randall J. McDermott, Ronald Rehm
This paper presents a simple model to demonstrate the effect on grass-fire propagation of the winds induced by structural fires in a Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) setting. The model combines an empirical formula for wind-driven grass-fire spread and a

MEASUREMENTS OF EFFECTIVE DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT OF HELIUM AND HYDROGEN THROUGH GYPSUM

September 14, 2011
Author(s)
Jiann Yang, William M. Pitts, Marco Fernandez, Kuldeep Prasad
An experimental apparatus, which was based on the ¿-scale garage previously used for studying helium release and dispersion in our laboratory, was used to obtain effective diffusion coefficients of helium and hydrogen (released as forming gas for safety

Structural and Electromagnetic Scenarios for Firefighter Locator Tracking Systems

September 1, 2011
Author(s)
Anthony D. Putorti Jr., Francine K. Amon, Kathryn M. Butler, Catherine A. Remley, William F. Young, Christina Spoons
One of the most important aspects of effective firefighter response to an emergency event is awareness of the location of the firefighters involved, especially in cases with limited visibility due to darkness, heavy smoke, or unfamiliar and changing

Performance of New and Aged Residential Fire Sprinklers

August 31, 2011
Author(s)
Anthony D. Putorti Jr., William F. Guthrie, Jason D. Averill, Richard G. Gann
The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) initiated a program to determine the effects of emissions from problem drywall on residential electrical, gas distribution, and fire safety components. As part of this program, the National Institute of
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