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Fire

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Displaying 326 - 350 of 7699

Energy Balance in Medium-Scale Methanol, Ethanol, and Acetone Pool Fires

July 1, 2019
Author(s)
Sung C. Kim, Ki Y. Lee, Anthony Hamins
Several series of measurements were made to characterize medium-scale pool fires steadily burning in a well-ventilated, quiescent, open environment. Time-averaged local measurements of radiative and total heat flux were made in steadily burning methyl

On the Importance of Firebrand Processes in Large Outdoor Fires

May 15, 2019
Author(s)
Samuel L. Manzello
Firebrands are produced from combustion of both vegetative and structural fuels in large outdoor fires. It is well known that firebrand generation, transport, and ignition mechanisms result in rapid and potentially devastating fire spread processes in

Towards a Process to Quantify the Hazard of Fire Protection Design Alternatives

May 1, 2019
Author(s)
Paul A. Reneke, Morgan Bruns, Stanley W. Gilbert, Chandler P. MacLaren, Richard D. Peacock, Thomas G. Cleary, David T. Butry
There are a variety of fire protection technologies that have the potential to improve life safety in residences including barrier fabrics for upholstered furniture, new nano-scaled flame retardants, or better fire detector technology. However, there is no

Cognitive Biases Within Decision Making During Fire Evacuations

March 8, 2019
Author(s)
Michael Kinsey, Steve Gwynne, Erica D. Kuligowski, Max Kinateder
During a fire evacuation, once an individual perceives cues from a fire event, they must interpret them to assess the new situation and determine whether action is required. It is proposed that this assessment and action selection can employ either an

Retro-Commissioning a Performing Arts Center using HVAC-Cx

February 21, 2019
Author(s)
Natascha S. Milesi-Ferretti, Michael A. Galler, Steven T. Bushby, Robert Leader, J. M. Whitcomb, David W. Rush
This paper presents the use of a semi-automated commissioning tool for the energy retro-commissioning of the Performing Arts Center at Montgomery College in Rockville, Maryland. Researchers and field practitioners collaborated to implement the HVAC-Cx

Large Outdoor Fires and the Built Environment: Summary of Kick-Off Workshop

February 4, 2019
Author(s)
Samuel L. Manzello, Sara McAllister, Sayaka Suzuki, Raphaele Blanchi, Elsa Pastor, Ronchi Enrico
The kickoff workshop of the new permanent working group, sponsored by the International Association for Fire Safety Science (IAFSS), entitled Large Outdoor Fires and the Built Environment was held from 3:00 pm to 4:30 pm on Sunday October 21, 2018. The

A Pre-Evacuation Database for Use in Egress Simulations

January 11, 2019
Author(s)
Ruggiero Lovreglio, Erica D. Kuligowski, Steve Gwynne, Karen E. Boyce
Quantifying the pre-evacuation time; i.e., the time between first awareness and deliberate evacuation movement, is a key task for evacuation model users and fire safety engineers. The identification and employment of pre-evacuation data given an incident

On Correlating Mixed Forest Fuel Bed Fire Spread Data

October 28, 2018
Author(s)
Jiann Yang
Mixing rules are proposed and used to correlate mixed forest fuel bed fire spread data from the literature using the dimensionless correlations previously developed for single-species forest fuel bed fire spread with the help of dimensional analysis and

Development of a Detection Algorithm for Kitchen Cooktop Ignition Prevention

September 30, 2018
Author(s)
Amy Mensch, Anthony Hamins, Kathryn Markell
A small number of previous studies focused on cooktop fire sources and considered multi-detector sensing of pre-ignition signatures in a kitchen environment. Johnsson conducted a series of experiments investigating the feasibility of distinguishing between