An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
Xiaoting Chen, Ian McCrum, Kathleen Schwarz, Michael Janik, Marc Koper
The successful deployment of advanced energy-conversion systems depends critically on our understanding of the fundamental interactions of the key intermediates (hydrogen and hydroxyl) at electrified metal-aqueous electrolyte interfaces. Herein, the effect
Ravishankar Sundararaman, Marta C. Figueiredo, Marc Koper, Kathleen Schwarz
The distribution of electric fields within the electrochemical double layer depends on both the electrode and electrolyte in complex ways. These fields strongly influence chemical dynamics in the electrode-electrolyte interface, but cannot be measured
Linqiang Ge, Wei Yu, Paul Moulema, Guobin Xu, David W. Griffith, Nada T. Golmie
An effective operation of the smart grid relies on the integration of sensing, computing, and communication. Attempting to disrupt the system, an adversary may launch cyber-attacks against the smart grid by compromising components, including meters
Arthur H. Fanney, William V. Payne, Joshua D. Kneifel, Lisa C. Ng, Brian P. Dougherty, Tania Ullah, William M. Healy, Farhad Omar
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has embarked on a multi-year project to establish that a residence can generate, through the use of renewables, the same amount of energy as it consumes while meeting the energy needs of a typical
Natascha S. Milesi-Ferretti, Masato Miyata, Oliver Baumann
The need for improved building performance is global and has led to numerous international collaborations. Since 2000, the International Energy Agency (IEA) Energy in Buildings and Communities Program (EBC, formerly ECBCS) has completed two building
Nacole B. King, Jonathan Boltersdorf, Paul Maggard, Winnie K. Wong-Ng
A series of mixed-metal oxide structures based on the stacking of α-U3O8 type pentagonal bipyramid layers have been investigated for symmetry lowering distortions and photocatalytic activity. The family of structures contain the general composition Am+((n
Matthew Connolly, Peter Bradley, Andrew Slifka, Elizabeth S. Drexler
In situ transmission Bragg edge measurements of the strain field were performed near cracks grown in air and in hydrogen. Through the use of a novel test chamber which is capable of pressurization with hydrogen gas, and amenable to neutron-scattering
Winnie K. Wong-Ng, William J. Laws, Saul H. Lapidus, James A. Kaduk, Lynn Ribuad
The CaO-½Gd2O3-CoOz system prepared at 885 °C in air consists of two thermoelectric calcium cobaltate compounds, namely, the 2D thermoelectric oxide solid solution, (Ca3-xGdx)Co4O9-z (0
Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Yonggao Yan, James A. Kaduk, Xinfeng Tang
The crystal structures, solid solution limit, and powder X-ray reference diffraction patterns for two natural superlattice series Bi1-xBaxCuOSe (x = 0.05, 0.075, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3), and Bi1-xCaxCuOSe (x=0, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3) have been
Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Guangyao Liu, Igor Levin, Izaak Williamson, James A. Kaduk, Lan Li, Andres C. Hernandez
Crystal structures and X-ray reference powder diffraction patterns have been determined for the Ba12Nb8-xTaxCo4O36 (x = 1, 3, 4, 5, 7) series. Ba12Nb8-xTaxCo4O36 crystallize in the cubic perovskite structure with a space group Pm3m (No. 221) and the
Nicolas Marquez Peraca, D T. Bilir, Behrang Hamadani
The frequency dependence of the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of high-quality multijunction solar cells was examined by the modulated photocurrent spectroscopy method via an optical setup comprised of a light-pipe-coupled compact LED array. The optical
Thomas P. Roth, Yuyin Song, Martin J. Burns, Himanshu Neema, William Emfinger, Janos Sztipanovits
Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are smart systems that consist of highly interconnected networks of physical and computational components. The tight integration of a wide range of heterogeneous components enables new functionality and quality of life
We report the characterization of multiscale 3D structural architectures of novel poly[sulfur- random-(1,3-diisopropenylbenzene)] copolymer-based cathodes for high-energy-density Li−S batteries capable of realizing discharge capacities >1000 mAh/g and long
Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Aiwu Wang, Chundong Wang, Yucheng Lan, Li Fu
The graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) which is a two-dimensional conjugated polymer, has drawn broad interdisciplinary attention as a low-cost, metal-free, and visible-light-responsive photocatalyst in the area of environmental remediation. The g-C3N4
Matthew J. Connolly, Peter E. Bradley, Andrew J. Slifka, Elizabeth S. Drexler
A gas-pressure chamber has been designed, constructed, and tested at a moderate pressure (3.4 MPa, 500 psi) and has the capability of mechanical loading of steel specimens for neutron scattering measurements. The chamber will allow a variety of in situ
Manufacturers are facing an ever-increasing demand for customized products on the one hand and environmentally friendly products on the other. This situation affects both the product and the process life cycles. To guide decision-making across these life
Understanding the changes in the microstructures and structures of clays with varying intercalated metal ions at elevated temperatures is of importance for many applications ranging from engineering materials such as ceramics for fuel cell applications to
Evgheni Strelcov, Qingfeng Dong, Tao Li, Jungseok Chae, Yuchuan Shao, Yehao Deng, Alexei Gruveman, Jinsong Huang, Andrea Centrone
Ferrolectricity has been proposed as a plausible meachanism to explain the high photovoltaic conversion efficiency in organic-inorganic perovskites; however, convincing experimental evidence in support to this hypothesis is still missing. Identifying and
With the anticipated deployment of new advanced technologies and smart devices in the next generation electric system, developing a robust wireless network along with effective design architectures for inter/intra communications between various entities
A major challenge facing future grid systems is to identify the source of abnormal behaviors caused by faults or voltage instability. In this paper Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) have been considered for detecting disturbances and degradation in the grid
Daniel V. Esposito, Youngmin Lee, Heayoung Yoon, Paul M. Haney, Natalie Labrador, Thomas P. Moffat, A. A. Talin, Veronika A. Szalai
Abstract Three-dimensionally (3D) structured photoelectrodes offer a number of potential benefits for solar fuels production compared to conventional planar photoelectrodes, including decreased optical losses, higher surface area for catalysis, more facile
Samuel Berweger, Gordon A. MacDonald, Mengjin Yang, Kevin J. Coakley, Joeseph Berry, Kai Zhu, Frank W. DelRio, Thomas Mitchell (Mitch) Wallis, Pavel Kabos
We use flat-histogram Monte Carlo simulations to study how changing the flexibility of soft porous crystals (SPCs) affects their selective adsorption of a binary, size-asymmetric supercritical fluid. Specifically, we consider mesoporous SPCs which have
X-ray reference powder patterns and structures have been determined for a series of titanium-, zinc-, and cobalt-containing niobates, Co(NixZn1-x)Nb4O12 (x=0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8). The Co(NixZn1-x)Nb4O12 series crystallize in the space group of Pbcn, which is