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Displaying 1101 - 1125 of 3878

Viscosity and Density of CuO Nanolubricant

June 23, 2009

Author(s)

Mark A. Kedzierski

This paper presents liquid kinematic viscosity and density measurements of a synthetic polyolester based copper (II) oxide (CuO) nanoparticle dispersion (nanolubricant) at atmospheric pressure for a temperature range from approximately 288 K to 318 K. The

CFAST - Consolidated Model of Fire Growth and Smoke Transport (Version 6), User's Guide, DECEMBER 2008 REVISION

June 12, 2009

Author(s)

Richard D. Peacock, Paul A. Reneke, Glenn P. Forney, Walter W. Jones

CFAST is a two-zone fire model capable of predicting the environment in a multi-compartment structure subjected to a fire. It calculates the time evolving distribution of smoke and gaseous combustion products as well as the temperature throughout a

Energy Price Indices and Discount Factors for Life-Cycle Cost Analysis 2009

May 31, 2009

Author(s)

Amy S. Rushing, Barbara C. Lippiatt

This is the 2009 edition of energy price indices and discount factors for performing life-cycle cost analyses of energy and water conservation and renewable energy projects in federal facilities. It will be effective from April 1, 2009 to March 31, 2010

Modeling Pre-Evacuation Delay by Occupants in World Trade Center Towers 1 and 2 on September 11, 2001

May 29, 2009

Author(s)

Erica D. Kuligowski, Dennis S. Mileti

On September 11, 2001, two airplanes hit WTC 1 and 2 sixteen minutes apart, which forced one of the largest evacuations from high-rise buildings in U.S. history. By understanding human behavior during evacuation from the Towers, improvements can be made to

The Process of Human Behavior in Fires

May 15, 2009

Author(s)

Erica D. Kuligowski

Evacuation models, including engineering hand calculations and computational tools, are used to evaluate the level of safety provided by buildings during evacuation. However, there is a lack of available data and theory on occupant behavior for use by

The Origin of Critical Relative Humidity in Adhesion

May 11, 2009

Author(s)

Christopher C. White, Kar T. Tan, Bryan D. Vogt, Donald L. Hunston

Water is ubiquitous in the atmosphere. Unfortunately, adhesive bonding is susceptible to the environmental attack of water leading to significant depreciation in joint strength and subsequently to premature failures [1-6]. This susceptibility of bonding to

CYCLE D: NIST Vapor Compression Cycle Design Program. Version 4.0. Users' Guide (NIST NSRDS 49)

May 1, 2009

Author(s)

J S. Brown, Piotr A. Domanski, Eric Lemmon

The CYCLE_D package simulates vapor compression refrigeration cycles that use pure refrigerants or mixtures of refrigerants. The model can simulate a basic subcritical or transcritical refrigeration cycle, both with or without a liquid-line/suction-line

A Case Study of a Community Affected by the Witch and Guejito Fires (NIST TN 1635)

April 30, 2009

Author(s)

Alexander Maranghides, William E. Mell

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has a Reduced Risk of Fire Spread in Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) Communities research program. The program objective is to develop, by the end of FY2013 first generation tools for improved risk

Economic Analysis of Egress and Life Safety Costs

April 27, 2009

Author(s)

Robert E. Chapman, Allison L. Huang, David T. Butry

In 2007, the latest year for which construction data are available, the value of construction put in place was $1.1 trillion. Statistics on the total cost of fire in the U.S. are published by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). Of particular

Automated Extraction of Thunderstorm and Non-Thunderstorm Wind Data Sets From Archived Weather Reports

April 18, 2009

Author(s)

Franklin T. Lombardo, Joseph A. Main

Wind loads for use in structural design are based in part on extreme value analysis of historical wind data, and limitations on the quantity and spatial resolution of wind data pose a significant challenge in such analyses. A promising source of additional

CYCLE_D VERSION 4.0: Theoretical Vapor Compression Cycle Design Program

April 9, 2009

Author(s)

J S. Brown, Piotr A. Domanski, Eric Lemmon

This paper presents Version 4.0 of the CYCLE_D: NIST Vapor Compression Cycle Design Program. The model can simulate a basic subcritical or transcritical refrigeration cycle, both with or without a liquid-line/suction-line heat exchanger. In addition, the

Fire Fighting Tactics Under Wind Driven Fire Conditions: 7-Story Building Experiments.

April 1, 2009

Author(s)

Daniel M. Madrzykowski, Stephen Kerber

A series of 14 experiments was conducted in 7-story building to evaluate the ability of positive pressure ventilation fans, wind control devices and floor below nozzles to mitigate the hazards of a wind driven fire in a structure. Each experiment started

A History of Fire Testing: Past, Present, and Future.

March 30, 2009

Author(s)

James R. Lawson

This paper discusses the breakthroughs in science and engineering that have brought fire testing technology to its current state of maturity and provides insight into the possibilities for future fire test development by highlighting some areas where

A History of Fire Testing: Past, Present, and Future.

March 30, 2009

Author(s)

James R. Lawson

Mass Notification Messages: Workshop Proceedings

March 30, 2009

Author(s)

Erica D. Kuligowski, Richard D. Peacock, Jason D. Averill, Richard W. Bukowski

This workshop provided a forum to discuss research and best practices regarding mass notification message creation and dissemination. The goal of the workshop was to provide a forum where representatives from federal agencies could exchange ideas and

A History of Fire Testing and New Opportunities Past, Present, and Future

March 20, 2009

Author(s)

James R. Lawson

A History of Fire Testing.

March 20, 2009

Author(s)

James R. Lawson

Network Aggregation of CNTs at the Surface of Epoxy/MWCNT Composite Exposed to UV Radiation

March 18, 2009

Author(s)

Tinh Nguyen, Bastien T. Pellegrin, Alexander J. Shapiro, Xiaohong Gu, Joannie W. Chin

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are increasingly incorporated in polymers to enhance their mechanical and electrical properties. However, organic polymers are prone to degrade when exposed to UV radiation. Therefore, CNTs in a polymer nanocomposite could

Materials and Fire Performance Testing of Barrier Fabrics in Mattress and Upholstery Furniture

March 17, 2009

Author(s)

Rick D. Davis, Thomas J. Ohlemiller, Kenneth D. Steckler

N/A

Determination of Montmorillonite Nanocomposite Aggregation Rates Using Real Time X-Ray Diffraction Techniques at High Temperatures NIST GCR 09-924

March 12, 2009

Author(s)

Holly Stretz

The current work explored how choice of surfactant, fire temperature and processing pressure affect the assembly process for particles in the barrier layer. The underlying assumption was that the nano-structure of the ceramic portion of the barrier layer

Kinetics and Mechanisms of Elementary Reactive Processes in Polymer Pyrolysis. NIST GCR 09-923

March 9, 2009

Author(s)

Vadim D. Knyazev

Polymer backbone scission reactions were studied computationally using polyethylene macromolecules as prototypes. Classical RRKM modeling, molecular dynamics, transition state theory, and molecular mechanics were used as research tools. The results

A Comparison of Predicted to Measured Photovoltaic Module Performance

March 1, 2009

Author(s)

Arthur H. Fanney, Brian P. Dougherty, Mark W. Davis

Computer simulation models to accurately predict the electrical performance of photovoltaic modules are essential. Without such models, potential purchasers of photovoltaic systems have insufficient information to judge the relative merits and cost

Evaluation of Image Quality of Thermal Imagers used by the Fire Service

February 27, 2009

Author(s)

Francine K. Amon, Andrew J. Lock

This document reports on the test results of an evaluation of the image quality of thermal imaging cameras used by the fire service. The test methods used were consistent with the image quality test methods included in Draft National Fire Protection

Algorithms for Generating Large Sets of Synthetic Directional Wind Speed Data for Hurricane, Thunderstrom, and Synoptic Winds

February 2, 2009

Author(s)

Mircea D. Grigoriu

Probabilistic models are developed for directional wind speeds in hurricane, thunderstorm, and synoptic wind storms. The models, calibrated to data, are used to generate synthetic directional wind speeds over periods of arbitrary length and to assess the

Extinguishment of Methane Diffusion Flames by Carbon Dioxide in Coflow Air and Oxygen-Enriched Microgravity Environments

February 2, 2009

Author(s)

F Takahashi, Gregory T. Linteris

Microgravity experiments and computations have been conducted to elucidate stabilization and extinguishment mechanisms of methane diffusion flames, in the cup-burner configuration, with CO 2 added gradually to a coflowing air or oxygen-enriched stream. The

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