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Buildings & Construction

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Displaying 876 - 900 of 3873

Ignition Propensity of Hydrogen in the Presence of Metal Surfaces.

November 22, 2011
Author(s)
Chih-Jen Sung, James S. T'ien, Kyle Brady
Hydrogen as an energy carrier has received much attention in recent years as a result of a confluence of economic, environmental, and political pressures on the continued use of fossil fuels. The benefits of using hydrogen fuel over fossil fuel products

Wildfire Modeling.

November 22, 2011
Author(s)
Steven K. Krueger
This report documents the development and testing of the LES (Large Eddy Simulator) version of the WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) model coupled with SFIRE, the wildland surface fire module, to simulate wildland fires. The relevance of this work to

An Information Model Standard for Facility Integration With A Smart Grid

November 1, 2011
Author(s)
Steven T. Bushby
The National Electrical Manufacturer's Association (NEMA) and the American Society of Heating Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) are working to cooperatively develop a national Facility Smart Grid Information Model standard. This

Home Cooking Fire Mitigation: Technology Assessment. Final Report.

November 1, 2011
Author(s)
Joshua Dinaburg, Daniel T. Guttuk
Cooking related fires are a leading cause of U.S. fire loss. Beginning in the mid 1980's, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Consumer Product Safety Commission, and the home appliance industry undertook a comprehensive review 1 of

Modeling Produces Insight into Fire Behavior

November 1, 2011
Author(s)
Adam M. Barowy, Daniel M. Madrzykowski
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is the leader in the development of computer-based fire models that simulate the movement of fire gases and heat through a building and estimate the response of various fire protection systems. NIST

Modeling and Analysis of Disproportionate Collapse of RC Structures

October 31, 2011
Author(s)
Yihai Bao, Hai S. Lew, S K. Kunnath
Collapse analyses of a 10-story reinforced concrete frame building are carried out to investigate the robustness of structural systems against column removal scenarios. Computationally efficient reduced models are developed and used in the analyses. The

Strategy and Modeling for Building DR Optimization

October 17, 2011
Author(s)
Richard Lau, Sami Ayyorgun, Siun Chuon Mau, Archan Misra, David Holmberg, Steven T. Bushby
While it is well recognized that renewable microgrid generation and intelligent storage can significantly reduce a building's need for grid power and its peak loading, there is currently no sound and generalized approach to combine these two technologies

U.S. Commercial Building Airtightness Requirements and Measurements

October 12, 2011
Author(s)
Steven J. Emmerich, Andrew K. Persily
In 1998, Persily published a review of commercial and institutional building airtightness data that found significant levels of air leakage and debunked the “myth” of the airtight commercial building. Since that time, the U.S. National Institute of

Predicting Human Behavior during Fires

October 4, 2011
Author(s)
Erica D. Kuligowski
Evacuation models, including engineering hand calculations and computational tools, are used to evaluate the level of safety provided by buildings during evacuation. Building designs and occupant procedures are based on the results produced from these

SteelVis User's Guide

October 3, 2011
Author(s)
Robert R. Lipman
This guide describes how to use SteelVis and its associated programs. SteelVis has two main functions: (1) to translate a CIS/2 (CIMsteel Integration Standards) file into an interactive 3D model in the form of a VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language)

Mathematical Modeling of Wildland-Urban Interface Fires.

September 14, 2011
Author(s)
Randall J. McDermott, Ronald Rehm
This paper presents a simple model to demonstrate the effect on grass-fire propagation of the winds induced by structural fires in a Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) setting. The model combines an empirical formula for wind-driven grass-fire spread and a

Energy Price Indices and Discount Factors for Life-Cycle Cost Analysis - 2011

September 8, 2011
Author(s)
Amy S. Rushing, Joshua D. Kneifel, Barbara C. Lippiatt
This is the 2011 edition of energy price indices and discount factors for performing life-cycle cost analyses of energy and water conservation and renewable energy projects in federal facilities. It will be effective from April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012

Extension of ThermoML: The IUPAC Standard for Thermodynamic Data Communications (IUPAC Recommendations 2011)

September 7, 2011
Author(s)
Michael D. Frenkel, Robert D. Chirico, Vladimir Diky, Paul L. Brown, John H. Dymond, Robert N. Goldberg, Anthony R. Goodwin, Heiko Heerklotz, Erich Koenigsberger, John E. Ladbury, Kenneth N. Marsh, David P. Remeta, Stephen E. Stein, William A. Wakeham, Peter A. Williams
ThermoML is an XML-based approach for storage and exchange of experimental, predicted, and critically evaluated thermophysical and thermochemical property data. Extensions to the ThermoML schema for the representation of speciation, complex equilibria, and
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