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Bioscience

Biomaterials

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Displaying 651 - 675 of 1729

X-Ray Imaging Optimization of 3D Tissue Engineering Scaffolds via Combinatorial Fabrication Methods

April 1, 2008
Author(s)
Yanyin Yang, Shauna M. Dorsey, Matthew Becker, Sheng Lin-Gibson, Gary E. Schumacher, Glenn M. Flaim, J Kohn, Carl G. Simon Jr.
We have developed a combinatorial method for determining optimum tissue scaffold composition for imaging by X-ray techniques. X-ray radiography and microcomputed tomography enable non-invasive imaging of implanted materials in vivo and in vitro

Characterizing Pattern Structures Using X-Ray Reflectivity

March 28, 2008
Author(s)
Hae-Jeong Lee, Christopher L. Soles, Hyun Wook Ro, Shuhui Kang, Eric K. Lin, Alamgir Karim, Wen-Li Wu
Specular X-ray reflectivity (SXR) can be used, in the limit of the effective medium approximation (EMA), as a high-resolution shape metrology for periodic patterns on a planar substrate. The EMA means that the density of the solid pattern and the space

JKR Adhesion Testing Between Biologically Relevant Surfaces

February 17, 2008
Author(s)
Adam J. Nolte, Heqing Huang, Christopher Stafford
In this work we report recent observations obtained using an adhesion testing device that utilizes the contact mechanics theory of Johnson, Kendall, and Roberts (JKR). Our goal is to develop a system capable of measuring adhesive forces between

Veneer Versus Core Failure in Adhesively Bonded All-Ceramic Crown Layers

February 14, 2008
Author(s)
James J. Lee, Jae-Young Kwon, Sanjit Bhowmick, Isabel K. Lloyd
Joining a brittle veneer to a strong ceramic core with an adhesive offers benefits over current fabrication methods for all-ceramic crowns. However, such joining introduces the possibility of subsurface radial cracking in the veneer as well as in the core

Effects of Contact Geometry Upon Pull-Off Force Measurements With a Colloidal Probe

February 5, 2008
Author(s)
Seung Ho Yang, Huan Zhang, Michael Nosonovsky, Koo-Hyun Chung
This paper examines the effects of contact geometry on the pull-off (adhesion) force between a glass sphere (colloidal probe) and a silicon substrate in an environment with controlled relative humidity. An atomic force microscope (AFM) is used to measure

X-Ray Topography to Characterize Surface Damage on CdZnTe Crystals

January 7, 2008
Author(s)
David R. Black, Joseph C. Woicik, Martine Duff, Douglas Hunter, Arnold Burger, Michael Groza
Synthetic CdZnTe or CZT crystals can be used for room temperature detection of ?-radiation. Structural/morphological heterogeneities within CZT, such as twinning, secondary phases (often referred to as inclusions or precipitates), and polycrystallinity can

Cell Adhesion and Spreading on Poly(D,L-lactic acid) Films Pre-Aged in Cell Medium

January 1, 2008
Author(s)
Ruby I. Chen, Nathan D. Gallant, Jack R. Smith, Matt J. Kipper, Carl G. Simon Jr.
From a biomaterials perspective, three primary events can occur when a biodegradable polymer is implanted in vivo: 1) polymer degradation, 2) protein adsorption to the polymer and 3) swelling of the polymer as it absorbs water. These actions can affect the

Do Plastic Zones Form at Crack Tips in Silicate Glasses?

December 13, 2007
Author(s)
Jose Lopez-Cepero, Sheldon M. Wiederhorn, Theo Fett, Jean-Pierre Guin
In a number of recent studies, the claim has been made that silicate glasses fracture by the formation, growth and coalescence of cavities, in the same way that metals do but at a much smaller scale. Evidence for cavity formation comes from the examination

Characterization of Spatial Heterogenieties in Detector Grade CdZnTe

December 4, 2007
Author(s)
Martine Duff, Douglas Hunter, Arnold Burger, Michael Groza, V Buliga, J Bradley, G Graham, Z Dai, N Teslich, David R. Black, H E. Burdette, A Lanzirotti
Synthetic Cd1-xZnxTe or CZT crystals are highly suitable for the room temperature-based spectroscopy of gamma radiation. Structural/morphological heterogeneities within CZT, such as secondary phases that are thought to consist of Te metal, can have
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