Process Diagnostics and Thickness Metrology Using in Situ Mass Spectrometry for the Chemical Vapor Deposition of W from H2/WF6

Published

May 1, 2000

Author(s)

T Gougousi, Y Xu, J N. Kidder, G W. Rubloff, Charles R. Tilford

Abstract

Quadrupole mass spectrometry has been used to monitor reactant and product partial pressures in a selective W chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. A 4/1 Hl₂/WF₆ reactant ratio was used to produce W films on Si wafers, at 67 Pa (0.5 Torr) total pressure, and for wafer temperatures ranging from 400 C to 500 C. A relatively fast response time ([approximately equal to] 4 s) sensor system sampled gas directly from a commercial reactor in order to minimize the effect of wall reactions. The signal from the volatile HF product, integrated over the deposition cycle, and corrected for contributions from reactions in the ion-source region of the quadrupole and for sensor drifts, was found to vary linearly with the weight of the W film deposited, to within an uncertainty of [approximately equal to] 7 %. This provides the basis for real-time, non-invasive thickness metrology to drive process control. Depletion of both H₂ and WF₆ reactants was observed. The time-integral of the H₂ reactant depletion was also linearly related to the film weight, though the data exhibited a somewhat larger scatter due to the low conversion efficiency of the process. In addition, volatile SiF₄ and SiHF₃ products of the initial rapid W nucleation reaction on the Si surface were clearlyobserved, indicating that initial surface conditions may be monitored in real-time under selective growth conditions.

Citation

Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B

Volume

18

Issue

No. 3

Pub Type

Journals

Keywords

chemical vapor deposition, CVD, mass spectrometry, process controls, process diagnostics, residual bag analyzer, Tungsten CVD

Citation

Gougousi, T. , Xu, Y. , Kidder, J. , Rubloff, G. and Tilford, C. (2000), Process Diagnostics and Thickness Metrology Using in Situ Mass Spectrometry for the Chemical Vapor Deposition of W from H₂/WF₆, Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B (Accessed April 30, 2024)