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Radiometric and photometric measurements require defining apertures. The accuracy to which these measurements can be accomplished requires minimization of the
Spectroradiometers are widely used for acquiring colorimetric, photometric, and radiometric quantities with a single measurement for a variety of applications
Atmospheric particles with long atmospheric lifetimes affect Earth's radiative balance. These particles typically consist of multiple chemical species. The
EPA Protocol gas mixture calibration standards are obtained by users to measure emissions of regulated gaseous species and ensure that they comply with US
Fossil fuel CO2 emissions mix in the atmosphere with CO2 sources and sinks from the biospheric carbon cycle (i.e., photosynthesis and respiration from plants)
We are developing a comprehensive next-generation greenhouse gas (GHG) calibration system capable of extending SI traceability to global satellite remote
ROSI (Robotic Optical Scattering Instrument) is a new facility for measuring reflectance and scattering of materials in the ultraviolet to short-wave infrared
Calibrations of the The Extreme ultraviolet/X-ray Irradiance Sensor (EXIS), which will be installed on the Geostationary Operations Environment Satellite R
The Gas Sensing Metrology Group at NIST develops primary gravimetric standards for a wide variety of CO2 measurement uses. For the past 40+ years the group has
NIST's Chemical Sciences Division Gas Sensing Metrology Group has participated in over 40 Consultative Committee for Amount of Substance-Metrology in Chemistry
The Field Strength Metrology Project develops measurements of free-space electromagnetic (EM) emissions to help evaluate electronic interference of electronic
Optical frequency combs convert a laser source containing a single frequency of light into pulses that include thousands of frequencies. This project aims to
Dual-comb spectroscopy is a technique that allows one to exploit the coherence, accuracy, and resolution of frequency combs for precision molecular spectroscopy
Radio-frequency (RF) waves and microwaves are involved with almost every facet of everyday life. Radio stations, television, wireless devices, satellite
NOAA's Chemical Science Laboratory and NIST's Greenhouse Gas Measurement Program are working collaboratively to develop and maintain a new Department of
Recent advances in dual-comb spectroscopy enable new opportunities in accurate and precise open-path atmospheric sensing of multiple atmospheric gases critical
Climate scientists are developing a new generation of spectrometers for the NASA-sponsored inventory of atmospheric greenhouse gases, most notably carbon
Recent innovative advances in the design and manufacture of isotope ratio mass spectrometers (IRMS) have revolutionized the study of natural and man-induced
Detecting climate data with remote sensing instruments, providing state-of-the-art surveillance imagery for security and defense, or getting the most out of
The Indianapolis urban testbed began in 2010 as the Indianapolis Flux Experiment, or INFLUX. INFLUX was designed to verify top-down methods for estimating
To support urban greenhouse gas (GHG) measurement capability, NIST is developing a low-cost sensor platform that can be deployed within existing measurement
Aerosols represent the second largest contributor to atmospheric heating after CO2. Aerosol optical properties are poorly understood, resulting in the largest