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Search Publications by: Stephanie L. Outcalt ()

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Displaying 1 - 25 of 44

Non-flammable Low-GWP Refrigerant Blends to Replace HFC-134a

September 11, 2023
Author(s)
Harrison M. Skye, Piotr A. Domanski, Mark O. McLinden, Valeri I. Babushok, Ian Bell, Tara Fortin, Michael Hegetschweiler, Mark A. Kedzierski, Dennis Kim, Lingnan Lin, Gregory T. Linteris, Stephanie L. Outcalt, Vance (Wm.) Payne, Richard A. Perkins, Aaron Rowane
Non-flammable, lower global-warming-potential (GWP) refrigerants are needed to replace HFC-134a (GWP=1300) in military equipment. We previously used thermodynamic cycle simulations to screen 100 000+ refrigerant blends and identified 23 candidate

Lower-GWP Non-Flammable Refrigerant Blends to Replace HFC-134a

August 21, 2023
Author(s)
Harrison M. Skye, Piotr A. Domanski, Mark O. McLinden, Valeri I. Babushok, Ian Bell, Tara Fortin, Michael Hegetschweiler, Marcia L. Huber, Mark A. Kedzierski, Dennis Kim, Lingnan Lin, Gregory T. Linteris, Stephanie L. Outcalt, Vance (Wm.) Payne, Richard A. Perkins, Aaron Rowane
Non-flammable, lower global-warming-potential (GWP) refrigerants are needed to replace HFC-134a (GWP=1300) in military equipment. We previously used thermodynamic cycle simulations to screen 100 000+ refrigerant blends and identified 23 candidate

Low-GWP Non-Flammable Alternative Refrigerant Blends for HFC-134a: Final Report

January 27, 2023
Author(s)
Piotr A. Domanski, Mark O. McLinden, Valeri I. Babushok, Ian Bell, Tara Fortin, Michael Hegetschweiler, Marcia L. Huber, Mark A. Kedzierski, Dennis Kim, Lingnan Lin, Gregory T. Linteris, Stephanie L. Outcalt, Vance (Wm.) Payne, Richard A. Perkins, Aaron Rowane, Harrison M. Skye
This project addresses the objectives of the Statement of Need number WPSON-17-20 "No/Low Global Warming Potential Alternatives to Ozone Depleting Refrigerants." Its goal was to identify low global-warming-potential (GWP), non-flammable refrigerants to

Bubble Point Measurements of Mixtures of HFO and HFC Refrigerants

November 1, 2021
Author(s)
Stephanie L. Outcalt, Aaron Rowane
Bubble point pressures of six binary mixtures at two compositions each have been measured utilizing a static method. The performance of the apparatus was characterized from bubble point measurements of R32 + R125 for which 19 literature studies are

Low-GWP Alternative Refrigerant Blends for HFC-134a: Interim Report

October 13, 2021
Author(s)
Piotr A. Domanski, Mark O. McLinden, Valeri I. Babushok, Ian Bell, Tara Fortin, Michael Hegetschweiler, Mark A. Kedzierski, Dennis Kim, Lingnan Lin, Gregory T. Linteris, Stephanie L. Outcalt, Richard A. Perkins, Aaron Rowane, Harrison M. Skye
This project addresses the objectives of the Statement of Need number WPSON-17-20 "No/Low Global Warming Potential Alternatives to Ozone Depleting Refrigerants." Its goal is to identify and demonstrate performance of low global-warming-potential (GWP), non

Thermophysical Properties of Polyol Ester Lubricants

August 20, 2019
Author(s)
Thomas J. Bruno, Tara Fortin, Marcia L. Huber, Arno D. Laesecke, Eric Lemmon, Elisabeth Mansfield, Mark O. McLinden, Stephanie L. Outcalt, Richard A. Perkins, Kimberly N. Urness, Jason A. Widegren
This report summarizes the results of work performed for the Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Applied Chemicals and Materials Division on the properties of polyol ester lubricants

Density and Viscosity Measurements of a 50/50 JP-10 + Terpene Mixture

March 9, 2018
Author(s)
Stephanie L. Outcalt, Tara J. Fortin
Densities of a 50/50 by volume mixture of JP-10 + a turpentine dimer fuel (TDF) have been measured in the compressed-liquid state from 270 K to 470 K, and 0.5 MPa to 45 MPa and at ambient pressure from 263.15 K to 373.15 K. Ambient pressure dynamic

Compressed-liquid Density Measurements of Four Polyol Ester-Based Lubricants

March 6, 2018
Author(s)
Stephanie L. Outcalt
A vibrating-tube densimeter has been used to measure compressed-liquid densities of the fluids pentaerythritol tetrapentanoate (PEC5), pentaerythritol tetraheptanoate (PEC7), pentaerythritol tetranonanoate (PEC9), and a commercial lubricant, Royco 899 from

Compressed-Liquid Densities of Three Reference Fuels for Combustion Testing

September 19, 2016
Author(s)
Stephanie L. Outcalt
Compressed-liquid densities of three aviation fuels have been measured with a vibrating-tube densimeter. The measurements were made from 270 K to 470 K, and 0.5 MPa to 45 MPa and have an overall combined uncertainty of 0.81 kg.m-3. The data from each of

Density measurements of compressed-liquid dimethyl ether + pentane mixtures

January 1, 2016
Author(s)
Stephanie L. Outcalt, Eric W. Lemmon
Compressed-liquid densities of three compositions of the binary mixture dimethyl ether (CAS No. 115-10-6) + pentane (CAS No. 109-66-0) have been measured with a vibrating U-tube densimeter. Measurements were made at temperatures from 270 K to 390 K with

Compressed-liquid density measurements of three alternative turbine fuels

August 10, 2014
Author(s)
Stephanie L. Outcalt
Heavier kerosene based liquid fuels for aircraft and rockets are required to meet stringent performance specifications. Nevertheless, the escalating cost, unpredictable supply, and environmental impacts of traditional petroleum based fuels used for that

Compressed-liquid Density Measurements of Three Alternative Turbine Fuels

February 7, 2014
Author(s)
Stephanie L. Outcalt
Compressed-liquid densities of three alternative turbine fuels have been measured. The measurements were made from 270 K to 470 K, and 0.5 MPa to 50 MPa. The data have been correlated with a Tait equation, and parameters are given for each fuel. Results of

Advanced Calibration, Adjustment, and Operation of a Density and Sound Speed Analyzer

February 26, 2013
Author(s)
Tara J. Fortin, Arno D. Laesecke, Malte B. Freund, Stephanie L. Outcalt
Benchtop measurement systems have emerged as powerful tools in the ongoing quest for thermophysical property data. We demonstrate that these instruments can yield high quality data if operated in an informed manner. The importance of sample purity

Density and Speed of Sound Measurements of Four Bio-derived Fuels

September 13, 2012
Author(s)
Stephanie L. Outcalt, Tara J. Fortin
Compressed-liquid densities and ambient pressure densities and speeds of sound of four biomass-derived fuels have been measured. The compressed-liquid measurements were made from 270 K to 470 K, and 0.5 MPa to 50 MPa. The ambient pressure measurements were

Compressed-liquid densities of two highly polar + non-polar binary systems

June 24, 2012
Author(s)
Stephanie L. Outcalt, Arno R. Laesecke
The binary systems ethanol + 2,2,4-trimethylpentane and 2-butanol + 2,2,4-trimethylpentane were studied as models for blends of gasoline with biofuels. Their densities were measured with a vibrating-tube densimeter at compressed-liquid states of three

Compressed-Liquid Density Measurements of Methyl Oleate and Methyl Linoleate

September 30, 2011
Author(s)
Stephanie L. Outcalt
Compressed liquid densities of the fatty acid methyl esters methyl linoleate and methyl oleate have been measured with a vibrating-tube densimeter. The temperature and pressure range of the measured data is from 270 K to 470 K, and 0.5 MPa to 50 MPa. The

Density and Speed of Sound Measurements of Two Synthetic Aviation Turbine

June 29, 2011
Author(s)
Stephanie L. Outcalt, Tara J. Fortin
Rising prices and the uncertain supply of petroleum based aviation fuels have led to an interest in substitute fuels made from non-petroleum sources. Synthetic isoparaffinic kerosenes (S-IPK) are among the most promising alternatives. Two instruments were