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In-line Thermal Desorption and Dielectric Barrier Discharge Ionization for Rapid Mass Spectrometry Detection of Explosives

August 5, 2024

Author(s)

Thomas P. Forbes, Liz Robinson, Edward Sisco, Abigail Koss

Thermal desorption (TD) of wipe-based samples was coupled with an in-line dielectric barrier discharge ionization (DBDI) source and rugged compact time-of-flight mass spectrometer (MS) for the detection of explosives, propellants, and post-blast debris

Network analysis of graduate program support structures through experiences of various demographic groups

August 5, 2024

Author(s)

Robert Dalka, Justyna Zwolak

Physics graduate studies are substantial efforts on the part of individual students, departments, and institutions of higher education. Understanding the factors that lead to student success and attrition is crucial for improving these programs. One factor

The Proteomics Standards Initiative standardized formats for spectral libraries and fragment ion peak annotations: mzSpecLib and mzPAF

August 5, 2024

Author(s)

Joshua Klein, Henry Lam, Tytus Mak, Wout Bittremieux, Yasset Perez-Riverol, Ralf Gabriels, Jim Shofstahl, Helge Hecht, Pierre-Alain Binz, Shin Kawano, Tim Van Den Bossche, Jeremy Carver, Ben Neely, Luis Mendoza, Tomi Suomi, Tine Claeys, Thomas Payne, Douwe Schulte, Zhi Sun, Nils Hoffmann, Yunping Zhu, Steffen Neumann, Andrew Jones, Nuno Bandeira, Juan Antonio Vizcaino, Eric Deutsch

Mass spectral libraries are collections of reference spectra, usually associated with specific analytes from which the spectra were generated, that are used for further downstream analysis of new spectra. There are many different formats used for encoding

Exploratory Study on Low-GWP Working Fluid Mixtures for Industrial High Temperature Heat Pump with 200 degC Supply Temperature

August 3, 2024

Author(s)

Jan Spale, Andreas Hoess, Ian Bell, Davide Ziviani

Single component working fluids, which could be used in a safe, efficient, reliable, and cost‐efficient industrial high temperature heat pump (HTHP) subcritical vapor compression cycle (VCC) for process heat delivery at 200 °C are scarce and come with

Optical n(p, T_90) measurement suite 3: results at l = 1542 nm

August 3, 2024

Author(s)

Patrick Egan, Yuanchao Yang

Single-isotherm n(p, T90) results are reported for the gases Ar, N2, H2O, and D2O at vacuum wavelength λ = 1542.383(1) nm. The argon and nitrogen isotherms were measured near 303 K; the water isotherms were measured near 373 K. Combined with the two

Community-informed Decisions for Equitable, Cost-effective, and Inclusive Disaster Resilience planning (Co-DECIDR): A Hybrid Framework

August 2, 2024

Author(s)

Jennifer Helgeson, Mahdi Zareei, Carissa Knox, Steven Gray, Richard Sadler, Laura Schmitt Olabisi, Chelsea Wentworth

n/a

Metric Conversion Card

August 2, 2024

Author(s)

Elizabeth Benham, Kristen Dill

NIST SP 365, Metric Conversion Card is a laminated wallet size card includes an 8 cm and 80 mm ruler with approximate unit conversion factors between common International System of Units (SI) and U.S. customary measurement units for length, area, mass

Modeling Spiking Neurons without Spikes

August 2, 2024

Author(s)

Jeff Shainline, Bryce Primavera, Ryan O'Loughlin

While spiking neuromorphic hardware holds promise for efficient implementations of artificial intelligence, the impact has been limited due in part to a lack of learning algorithms that achieve performance superior to conventional deep learning. One

A Proposed Experiment to Measure Nonlinear Optical Susceptibilities in the Saturated Regime

August 1, 2024

Author(s)

Zachary H. Levine

When an optical beam passes through a thin slice of a homogeneous material, the change of its phase and amplitude is characterized by its linear and nonlinear susceptibility, the latter also known as the hyperpolarizability. The standard method for

Additive Manufacturing of Highly Entangled Polymer Networks

August 1, 2024

Author(s)

Abhishek Dhand, Matthew Davidson, Hannah Zlotnick, Thomas Kolibaba, Jason Killgore, Jason Burdick

Incorporation of polymer chain entanglements within a single network can synergistically improve stiffness and toughness, yet attaining such dense entanglements through vat photopolymerization additive manufacturing (e.g., digital light processing, DLP)

AI Risk Management Framework - Japanese translation

August 1, 2024

Author(s)

Elham Tabassi

This is the Japanese translation of the NIST AI RMF

Bridging Length Scales in Hard Materials with Ultra-Small Angle X-ray Scattering - A Critical Review

August 1, 2024

Author(s)

Fan Zhang, Jan Ilavsky

Due to their exceptional properties, hard materials such as advanced ceramics, metals, and composites have enormous economic and societal values, with applications across numerous industries. Understanding their microstructural characteristics is crucial

Considerations for using Calibration Curves to Infer Oxide Stoichiometry from Atom Probe Tomography Data

August 1, 2024

Author(s)

Ann Chiaramonti Debay, Daniel Schreiber, Karen Kruska, Kayla Yano

Atom probe tomography (APT) is a powerful analytical technique whose strengths lie in its combination of three-dimensional reconstructions, (sub)nanometer spatial resolution, and nominally equal sensitivity to all elements across the periodic table. An

Construction of Highly Porous and Robust Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Framework for High-Capacity Clean Energy Gas Storage

August 1, 2024

Author(s)

Jia-Xin Wang, Xu Zhang, Changhao Jiang, Teng-Fei Zhang, Jiyan Pei, Wei Zhou, Taner N. Yildirim, Banglin Chen, Guodong Qian, Bin Li

Development of highly porous and robust hydrogen bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) for high-pressure methane and hydrogen storage remains a grand challenge due to the fragile nature of hydrogen bonds. Herein, we report a strategy of constructing the double

Development of a Simulation Tool for the Intelligent Building Agents Project

August 1, 2024

Author(s)

Amanda Pertzborn

In the U.S., commercial buildings are responsible for approximately 36 % of total energy consumption, and the heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems make up about 52 % of that total. Improving building operations can significantly reduce

Quantum state tracking and control of a single molecular ion in a thermal environment

August 1, 2024

Author(s)

Yu Liu, Julian Schmidt, Zhimin Liu, David Leibrandt, Dietrich Leibfried, Chin-wen Chou

Understanding molecular state evolution is central to many disciplines, including molecular dynamics, precision measurement, and molecule-based quantum technology. Details of this evolution are obscured when observing a statistical ensemble of molecules

2024 ECTC Special Session Report: Advancing Metrology for Next-Generation Microelectronics

July 31, 2024

Author(s)

Ran Tao, Benson Chan, Jan Vardaman

Metrology plays a pivotal role in semiconductor research, manufacturing, packaging and assembly. It is critical to the success of this industry. Advancements in measurement science, material characterization, instrumentation, testing, and manufacturing

Elastic Shape Registration of Surfaces in 3D Space with Gradient Descent and Dynamic Programming

July 31, 2024

Author(s)

Javier Bernal, James F. Lawrence

Algorithms based on gradient descent for computing the elastic shape registration of two simple surfaces in 3−dimensional space and therefore the elastic shape distance between them have been proposed by Kurtek, Jermyn, et al., and more recently by Riseth

Orthogonal Determination of Competing Surfactant Adsorption onto Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes During Aqueous Two-Polymer Phase Extraction via Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Analytical Ultracentrifugation

July 31, 2024

Author(s)

Christopher Sims, Jeffrey Fagan

A combination of analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) and fluorescence spectroscopy are utilized to orthogonally probe compositions of adsorbed surfactant layers on the surface of (7,5) species single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) under conditions known

Uncertainty quantification using Gaussian processes for topographic speed-up factors from CFD simulations

July 31, 2024

Author(s)

Yunjae Hwang, Adam L. Pintar, DongHun Yeo

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation has become increasingly popular for evaluating the topographic effects on wind fields due to its relative advantage over experimental techniques in accurately generating approach flows and capturing complex

Bugs Framework (BF): Formalizing Cybersecurity Weaknesses and Vulnerabilities

July 30, 2024

Author(s)

Irena Bojanova

The Bugs Framework (BF) is a classification of security bugs and related faults, featuring a formal language for unambiguous specification of security weaknesses and underlined by them vulnerabilities. It organizes bugs and faults by the operations of

Characterizing the Broadband RF Permittivity of 3D-Integrated Layers in a Glass Wafer Stack from 100 MHz to 30 GHz

July 30, 2024

Author(s)

Jacob Pawlik, Tomasz Karpisz, Nicholas Derimow, Sarah Evans, Jim Booth, Nate Orloff, Chris Long, Angela Stelson

We present a method for accurately determining the permittivity of dielectric materials in 3D integrated structures at broadband RF frequencies. With applications of microwave and millimeter-wave electronics on the rise, reliable methods for measuring the

Effects of the Human Presence among Robots in the ARIAC 2023 Industria Automation Competition

July 30, 2024

Author(s)

Leandro Buss Becker, Anthony Downs, Craig I. Schlenoff, Justin Albrecht, Zeid Kootbally, Angelo Ferrando, Rafael Cardoso, Michael Fisher

The ''Agile Robotics for Industrial Automation Competition'' (ARIAC) is an international robotic competition carried out in a simulated factory floor. ARIAC's competitors must perform assembly and kitting tasks by means of controlling four AGVs, one floor

Incorporating Climate Projections into Infrastructure Planning and Design: Comprehensive report from a series of virtual workshops convened by NIST-NOAA-ASCE

July 30, 2024

Author(s)

Eva Burgos, Kim Irby, Anneka Williams, Mason Fried, Adam Parris

NIST Cloud Computing Forensic Reference Architecture

July 30, 2024

Author(s)

Martin Herman, Michaela Iorga, Ahsen Michael Salim, Robert H. Jackson, Mark R. Hurst, Ross A. Leo, Anand Kumar Mishra, Nancy M. Landreville, Yien Wang

This document summarizes the research performed by the NIST Cloud Computing Forensic Science Working Group and presents the NIST Cloud Computing Forensic Reference Architecture (CC FRA or FRA), whose goal is to provide support for a cloud system's forensic

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