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Displaying 49751 - 49775 of 73697

Digital Images and Computer Modelling

July 1, 1999
Author(s)
Edward J. Garboczi, Dale P. Bentz, Nicos Martys
This chapter describes how digital images of porous materials can be analyzed to give information about the structure and properties of the material, describes various ways 3-D digital-image-based models can be generated to help understand real materials.

Dispersed Liquid Agent Fire Suppression Screen Apparatus

July 1, 1999
Author(s)
Jiann C. Yang, Michelle K. Donnelly, William L. Grosshandler, N C. Prive
The design, construction, demonstraion and operation of a bench-scale device capable of screening the fire suppression efficiency of liquid agents are described in detail in this report. The apparatus is based on a well-characterized flame, a means to

Dynamic Interrogation of a Basic Cutting Process

July 1, 1999
Author(s)
Matthew A. Davies, Michael Kennedy, Jon R. Pratt, Christopher J. Evans
A dynamic cutting fixture based on the test rig pioneered by Peters et al. has been developed to aid investigations of cutting process dynamics. This active fixture consists of a flexure-based tool holder with a single dominant modal direction, two voice

Effectiveness of AlN Encapsulate in Annealing Ion-Implanted SiC

July 1, 1999
Author(s)
E Handy, M V. Rao, K A. Jones, M A. Derenge, P Chi, R D. Vispute, T Venkatesan, N A. Papanicolaou, J Mittereder
Aluminum nitride (AlN) has been used as an encapsulate for annealing nitrogen (N), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), aluminum (Al), and boron (B) ion-implanted 6H-SiC. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has revealed that the AlN encapsulate prevents the formation of

Effects of Defocus and Algorithm on Optical Step Height Calibration

July 1, 1999
Author(s)
Theodore D. Doiron, Theodore V. Vorburger, P Sullivan
Defocus effects on step height measurements by interferometric microscopy are estimated using different algorithms to calculate the step height. The interferometric microscope is a Mirau-type with a 20x objective and a numerical aperture (NA) of 0.4. Even

Effects of Mutations of the Active Site Arginine Residues in-4-Oxalocrotonate Tautomerase on the pK a Values of Active Site Residues and on the pH Dependence of Catalysis

July 1, 1999
Author(s)
R M. Czerwinski, T K. Harris, W H. Johnson, P M. Legler, J T. Stivers, A S. Mildvan, C P. Whitman
The unusually low pK a value of the general base catalyst Pro-1 (pK a = 6.4) in 4-oxalocrotonate tautomerase (4-OT) has been ascribed to both a low dielectric constant at the active site and to the proximity of the cationic residues Arg-11 and Arg-39

Electron Collision Cross Sections Derived from Critically Assessed Data

July 1, 1999
Author(s)
Loucas G. Christophorou, James K. Olthoff
Electron-molecule collisions are among the most fundamental processes in gas discharges. They are also the precursors of the ions and the radicals which drive the etch, cleaning, or deposition processes in plasma reactors. Hence, there is a need for a

Exposure of Self-Assembled Monolayers to Highly Charged Ions and Metastable Ions

July 1, 1999
Author(s)
L P. Ratliff, Ronaldo Minniti, A Bard, E W. Bell, John D. Gillaspy, D Parks, A J. Black, G M. Whitesides
The doses of neutral metastable argon atoms (Ar*) and highly charged xenon ions (HCIs) required to damage self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkanethiolates on gold are compared in a set of experiments carried out concurrently. The extent of damage to the

Extensions of the Single-Integral-Equation Method

July 1, 1999
Author(s)
Egon Marx
Scattering of electromagnetic waves by homogeneous dielectric or finitely conducting bodies can be reduced to the solution of integral equations. In the simpler cases, only a single-integral-equation is needed, with no increase of required memory over

Far-Field Antenna Patterns Determined from Infrared Holograms

July 1, 1999
Author(s)
Carl F. Stubenrauch, J. D. Norgard, J. E. Will, Katherine MacReynolds
In this paper, we describe a technique based on optical holography which allows determination of the amplitude and phase of an unknown antenna on a near-field plane from amplitude-only measurements.

Flat Panel Display Metrology -- Less than Meets the Eye

July 1, 1999
Author(s)
Edward F. Kelley
Accurate measurement of electronic displays has become important in recent years owing to the advances in flat panel display technologies. A well-defined language is needed to specify, evaluate, and compare display technologies and their suitability to

Image Sharpness Measurement in Scanning Electron Microscope - Part III

July 1, 1999
Author(s)
Samuel N. Jones, Robert D. Larrabee, Michael T. Postek, Andras Vladar, Nien F. Zhang
Fully automated or semi-automated scanning electron microscopes (SEM) are now commonly used in semiconductor production and other forms of manufacturing. Testing and proving that the instrument is performing at a satisfactory level of sharpness is an

Kinetic, Stereochemical, and Structural Effects of Mutations of the Active Site Arginine Residues in 4-Oxalocrotonate Tautomerase

July 1, 1999
Author(s)
T K. Harris, R M. Czerwinski, W H. Johnson, P M. Legler, C Abeygunawardana, M A. Massiah, J T. Stivers, C P. Whitman, A S. Mildvan
Three arginine residues (Arg-11, Arg-39, Arg-61) are found at the active site of 4-oxalocrotonate tautomerase in the X-ray structure of the affinity-labeled enzyme [Taylor, A. B., Czerwinski, R. M., Johnson Jr., R. M., Whitman, C. P., and Hackert, M. L.

Large Scale Simulations of Single and Multi-Component Flow in Porous Media

July 1, 1999
Author(s)
Nicos Martys, John G. Hagedorn, D S. Goujon, J E. Devaney
We examine the utility of the lattice Boltzmann method for modeling fluid flow in large microstructures. First, results of permeability calculations are compared to predicted values for several idealized geometries. Large scale simulations of fluid flow
Displaying 49751 - 49775 of 73697
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