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Displaying 47351 - 47375 of 73697

Comparison of Elemental Detection Using Microcalorimetry, SIMS, AES and EDS (SEM, STEM, and TEM)

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

C. B. Vartuli, F. A. Stevie, David A. Wollman, M. Antonell, R. B. Irwin, J. M. McKinley, T L. Shofner, B. M. Purcell, S. A. Anderson, Bobby To

Cu contamination has become a larger concern as more semiconductor fabrication facilities switch from aluminum to Cu interconnects. The resolution limits of several analytical tools are compared to determine the optimum analysis methods for detecting Cu

Computation of Fresnel Integrals. II

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

Klaus Mielenz

This paper describes an improved method for computing Fresnel integrals with an accuracy better than 1X10 -9, based on a known approximate formula for a different integral. Outside the range of validity of this formula, Taylor series expansions are used to

Connections of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Structural Members: A Review of the State of the Art

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

Dat Duthinh

This review of the state of the art of connections of Fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) members covers primary structural connections (whose integrity is crucial to the functioning and safety of a structure), in which at least one of the members is made of

Cracking of Brittle Coatings Adhesively Bonded to Substrates of Unlike Modulus

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

K -. Lee, Y W. Rhee, Douglas H. Blackburn, Brian R. Lawn, H Chai

The role of elastic mismatch in determining critical conditions for indentation fracture in brittle coatings on substrates of unlike modulus is investigated. A model transparent trilayer system, consisting of a glass coating layer bonded to a thick

Cryogenic Technology Information Retrieval System

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

R A. Mohling, W L. Hufferd, E D. Marquardt

Cryosalts: Suppression of Ice Formation in Macromolecular Crystallography

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

Kenneth A. Rubinson, Jane E. Ladner, M Tordova, G L. Gilliland

Quality data collection for macromolecular cryocrystallography requires suppressing the formation of crystalline or microcrystalline ice that may result from flash-freezing crystals. Described here is the use of lithium formate, lithium chloride, and other

Dendrimer Templates for the Formation of Gold Nanoclusters

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

Franziska Grohn, Barry J. Bauer, Y A. Akpalu, C L. Jackson, Eric J. Amis

Charged poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers are used to create organic-inorganic hybrid colloids in aqueous solution. The formation of gold colloids upon reduction of a gold salt precursor serves as a model reaction to study the influence of reaction

Direct Imaging of Highly Charged Ions in an Electron Beam Ion Trap

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

James V. Porto, I Kink, John D. Gillaspy

We have directly observed the ion cloud distribution in an electron beam ion trap using visible and ultraviolet fluorescence from lines in the ground term of Ar 13+,^ Xe 31+ and Xe 32+ ions. Using a gated intensified charge coupled device camera, we have

Effects of Interaction Potential on Elastic-Electron-Scattering Parameters in Surface-Sensitive Electron Spectroscopies

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

Aleksander Jablonski, Cedric J. Powell

The interaction potential for elastic scattering of electrons by atoms influences the magnitudes of calculated elastic-scattering cross sections. We have investigated the influence of two choices of interaction potential, the Thomas-Fermi-Dirac (TFD)

Effects of Relative Humidity on Photodegradation of Acrylic Melamine Coatings: A Quantitative Study

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

Tinh Nguyen, Jonathan W. Martin, E Byrd, N Embree

Service life prediction methodology based on correlating short-term performance with outdoor data is not a fundamentally sound approach because the weather never duplicates itself. Experiments having over 200 different combinations of exposure conditions

Ferromagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy with a Micromechanical Calorimeter Sensor

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

John M. Moreland, M. Loehndorf, Pavel Kabos, Robert McMichael

We describe a new type of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) spectroscopy that is based on a calorimeter sensor. We use an atomic force microscopy cantilever coated with a ferromagnetic thin film as a bimaterial sensor to measure absorption of microwaves at 9

Flame inhibition by ferrocene and blends of inert and catalytic agents

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

Gregory T. Linteris, M D. Rumminger, Valeri I. Babushok, Wing Tsang

Function-to-Form Mapping: Model, Representation and Applications in Design Synthesis

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

Sudarsan Rachuri

Design of a new artifact begins with incomplete knowledge about the final product and the design evolves as it progresses from the conceptual design stage to a more detailed design. In this paper, an effort has been made to give a structural framework

Guide for the Selection of Drug Detectors for Law Enforcement Applications

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

Alim A. Fatah

This document surveys the field of contraband drug detection, with emphasis on different types of drug detection methods available and current commercial sources for detection equipment. The introduction includes background information on the problem of

Guide to Test Methods, Performance Requirements, and Installation Practices for Electronic Sirens Used on Law Enforcement Vehicles

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

Randall P. Wagner

Sirens are devices that produce warning sounds. Siren sounds are intended to help alert the public that an emergency vehicle (e.g., police car, ambulance, fire truck) is nearby and responding to an emergency. These sounds should be recognized as the call

Guidelines to Federal Organizations on Security Assurance and Acquisition/Use of Tested/Evaluated Products

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

E Roback

Computer security assurance provides a basis for one to have confidence that security measures, both technical and operational, work as intended. Use of products with an appropriate degree of assurance contributes to security and assurance of the system as

High Frequency Response of Optical Magnetic Field Sensors Using Rare-Earth Iron Garnet Films

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

N. Itoh, Kent B. Rochford, H. Minemoto, S. Ishizuka

We have measured the high frequency response of optical magnetic field sensors using bismuth-substituted rare-earch iron garnet films up to 1 GHz.

High-Throughput Measurement of Polymer Blend Phase Behavior

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

J C. Meredith, Alamgir Karim, Eric J. Amis

Two-dimensional combinatorial thin film libraries are used to rapidly measure the LCST phase boundary of polystyrene and poly (vinylmethyl ether) blends in compositin-temperature space. The film libraries with continuous gradients in polymer blend

Immobilization of Nucleic Acids at Solid Surfaces: Effect of Oligonucleotide Length on Layer Assembly

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

A B. Steel, R Levicky, T M. Herne, Michael J. Tarlov

This report investigates the effect of DNA length and the presence of an anchoring group on the assembly of pre-synthesized oligonucleotides at a gold surface. The work seeks to advance fundamental insight into issues that impact the structure and behavior

Impact of Elevated Ambient Temperatures on Capacity and Energy Input to a Vapor Compression System -- Literature Review

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

S F. Yana Motta, Piotr A. Domanski

Operation of a system at elevated ambient temperatures inherently results in a lower coefficient of performance (COP). This conclusion comes directly from examining the Carnot cycle. The COP relation, COP=T evap/(T cond-T evap) indicates that the COP

Implications for Earthquake Risk Reduction in the United States From the Kocaeli, Turkey, Earthquake of August 17, 1999

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

John L. Gross, Long T. Phan

The moment magnitude (MW) 7.4 Kocaeli, Turkey, earthquake struck the Kocaeli province of northwestern Turkey on Tuesday, August 17, 1999 at 3:02 a.m. local time and caused extensive damage to buildings (an estimated 250,000 building units suffered from

Improving the Analytical Accuracy in the Analysis of Particles by Employing Low Voltage Analysis

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

John A. Small, J T. Armstrong

The energy of the electron beam, in conventional electron probe microanalysis, is generally in the range of 15-25 keV which provides the necessary overvoltage to excite efficiently the K and L x-ray lines for elements with atomic numbers in the range of

Inductively Coupled Plasmas in Low Global Warming Potential Gases

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

Amanda N. Goyettes, Yicheng Wang, James K. Olthoff

Many high density discharges used in microelectronics fabrication use fluorocarbon gases with coincidentally high global-warming potentials (GWPs). We have determined the identities, fluxes, and energy distributions of ions produced in high density

Information Models for Design Tolerancing: From Conceptual to the Detailed Design

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

Sudarsan Rachuri, Utpal Roy

Tolerance design is the process of deriving a description of geometric tolerance specifications for a product from a given set of desired properties of the product. Existing approaches to tolerance analysis and synthesis entail detailed knowledge of

Intercombination and Forbidden Transition Rates in C- and N-Like Ions (O 2+ , F 3+ and S 9+ ) Measured at a Heavy-Ion Storage Ring

August 1, 2000

Author(s)

E Trabert, A G. Calamai, John D. Gillaspy, G Gwinner, X Tordoir, A Wolf

Rates of an intercombination transition and of several electric-dipole forbidden transitions between the levels of the ground state in C-like ions of O and F and in N-like ions of S have been measured optically at a heavy-ion storage ring. The lifetime

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