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Displaying 45376 - 45400 of 74024

Research Into Non-Mercury Containing Metallic Alternatives

August 1, 2001
Author(s)
F Eichmiller
Many attempts have been made over the years with varying degrees of success to develop metallic alternatives to dental amalgam. Much of the difficulty in achieving success is the inability to meet the physical, mechanical and clinical criteria for an ideal

SEM Sentinel-SEM Performance Measurement System

August 1, 2001
Author(s)
Bradley N. Damazo, Andras Vladar, Alice V. Ling, Alkan Donmez, Michael T. Postek, Crossley E. Jayewardene
This paper describes the design and implementation of a system for monitoring the performance of a critical dimension measurement scanning electron microscope (CD-SEM). Experiments were performed for tests involving diagnosis of the vacuum system and

Silicon Nitride for Gas Turbines

August 1, 2001
Author(s)
Sheldon M. Wiederhorn, M Ferber
Silicon nitride is a material with a high-temperature potential and, hence, an excellent candidate for gas turbines. The incentive to use silicon nitride is substantial, as higher operating temperatures can be translated directly into higher engine

Silicon Single Atom Steps as AFM Height Standards

August 1, 2001
Author(s)
Ronald G. Dixson, Ndubuisi G. Orji, Joseph Fu, V W. Tsai, E. C. Williams, Theodore V. Vorburger, H Edwards, D Cook, P West, R Nyffenegger
Atomic force microscopes (AFMs) are used in the semiconductor industry for a variety of metrology purposes. Step height measurements at the nanometer level and roughness measurements at sub-nanometer levels are often of interest. To perform accurate

Single Molecule Probes

August 1, 2001
Author(s)
Lori S. Goldner, K D. Weston, W F. Heinz, Jeeseong Hwang, E S. DeJong, John P. Marino
The technology to rapidly manipulate and screen individual molecules lies at the frontier of measurement science and impacts emerging bio- and nano-technologies. Fundamental biological and chemical processes can now be probed with unprecedented detail, one

Small Angle Neutron Scattering Study on Polymer-Clay Solutions

August 1, 2001
Author(s)
Charles C. Han, G Schmidt, A Nakatani, Paul D. Butler
The objective of this work is to investigate the influence of shear on the structure of a highly viscoelastic, aqueous polymer-clay solution. Many structural models have been proposed for such systems. However, this is the first time to observe the

SRM 482 Revisited After 30 Years

August 1, 2001
Author(s)
Eric S. Windsor, R Carlton, Scott A. Wight, C Lyman
The National Institute of Standards and Technology's (NIST) Standard Reference Material (SRM) 482 was issued by The National Bureau of Standards (NBS) in 1969 and has been continuously available to the public for over 30 years [1]. The standard consists of

Structural Effects in the Growth of Giant Magneto Resistance (GMR) Spin Valves

August 1, 2001
Author(s)
M. Menyhard, G. Zsolt, P. J. Chen, Cedric J. Powell, Robert D. McMichael, William F. Egelhoff Jr.
An investigation has been made of the thin-film structure and interface morphology of giant magnetoresistance (GMR) spin valves of the cobalt/copper/cobalt (Co/Cu/Co) type that were grown on polycrystalline NiO substrates at three different temperatures

Structural Effects in the Growth of Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) Spin Valves

August 1, 2001
Author(s)
M. Menyhard, G. Zsolt, P J. Chen, Cedric J. Powell, Robert McMichael, William F. Egelhoff Jr.
Giant magnetoresistance (GMR) spin valves of the Co/Cu/Co type were grown on polycrystalline NiO substrates at three different temperatures. The GMR values and growth temperatures were: 14% for 150 K growth, 10% for 300 K growth, and 0% for 450 K growth

Structure and Dynamics of a Simulated Nano-Filled Polymer Melt

August 1, 2001
Author(s)
Francis W. Starr, T B. Schroeder, S C. Glotzer
To aid in the understanding and development o nano-filled polymer materials, we perform molecular dynamics simulations of an idealized filled polymer melt to probe the effects of a nanoscopic filler particle on the local melt structure and dynamics. We

Studies of polymer-filler interactions in filled systems

August 1, 2001
Author(s)
Alamgir Karim, Jack F. Douglas, K A. Barnes, A Nakatani, D W. Liu, Eric J. Amis
We observe that the presence of filler partiocles can have a major impact on the properties of filled polymer blend materials. The filler particles, which are found in many commercial polymer blends, modify the phase boundary (interfacial tension, rate of

Surface and Interface Effects in the Growth of Giant Magnetoresistance Spin Valves for Ultrahigh-Density Data-Storage Applications

August 1, 2001
Author(s)
William F. Egelhoff Jr., P J. Chen, Cedric J. Powell, Robert D. McMichael, Mark D. Stiles
The current generation of hard disk drives use Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) spin valves as the read-head because the GMR effect is currently the most sensitive way to detect magnetic fields at submicron length scales and data rates of {approximately equal

Temporal Character of Pulsed-Laser Cone Emission

August 1, 2001
Author(s)
W Gawlik, R Shuker, Alan Gallagher
Temporal character of cone emission from Sr vapor excited with 3 ns, near-resonant laser pulses is studied with 0.5 ns resolution. The cone pulses appear significantly narrower than the laser pulse. Their properties (amplitude, width, energy, delay and

The Art and Science of Lamp Photometry

August 1, 2001
Author(s)
R S. Bergman, Yoshi Ohno
This paper first overviews photometric quantities of lamps - luminous flux, luminous intensity, illuminance, and luminance - and general techniques for measurement of these quantities to characterize lamps. The total luminous flux of lamps (in lumens) is

The Conformational Structures and Dipole Moments of Ethyl Sulfide in the Gas Phase

August 1, 2001
Author(s)
David F. Plusquellic, R D. Suenram, B Mate, J O. Jensen, A C. Samuels
The pure rotational spectrum of ethyl sulfide has been measured from 12 gHz to 21 GHz in a 1 K Jet-cooled expansion using a Fourier-transform microwave (FTMW) spectrometer. Prominent features in the spectrum are assigned to transitions from three

Thermochemistry of Adenosine

August 1, 2001
Author(s)
J A. Boerio-Goates, M R. Francis, Robert N. Goldberg, M A. Ribeiro da Silva, M D. Ribeiro da Silva, Yadu D. Tewari
The thermochemistry of adenosine(cr) was studied by a variety of methods: the standard (pressure p = 0.1 MPa) molar enthalpy of combustion in oxygen at T = 298.15 K was measured by means of combustion calorimetry and was found to be Δ} cH m = -(5139.4 3.3)

Total Luminous Flux Calibrations of LEDs at NIST

August 1, 2001
Author(s)
Carl C. Miller, Yoshihiro Ohno
The total luminous flux (lumen) is one of the most important characteristics of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), and is commonly measured using integrating sphere photometers. Large variations of measurement results are reported among different manufacturers
Displaying 45376 - 45400 of 74024
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