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Water-Polyamide Chemical Interplay in Desalination Membranes explored by Ambient Pressure X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

June 24, 2020

Author(s)

Sabrina Gericke, William D. Mulhearn, Dana E. Goodacre, Joseph Raso, Daniel J. Miller, Lauryn Carver, Slavomir Nemsak, Osman Karslioglu, Lena Trotochaud, Hendrik Bluhm, Christopher Stafford, Christin Buechner

Reverse osmosis using aromatic polyamide membranes is currently the most important technology for seawater desalination. The performance of reverse osmosis membranes is highly dependent on the interplay of their surface chemical groups with water and water

Three-Dimensional Symmetry Breaking and Disturbance Propagation in Viscoelastic Cross Channel Flow

June 4, 2020

Author(s)

Boyang Qin, Ranjiangshang Ran, Paul Salipante, Steven Hudson, Paulo E. Arratia

Using holographic particle tracking, we report the three-dimensional flow structure organizing the viscoelastic instability in cross-channel flow. Beyond a critical Wi, the advective core flow undergoes an out-of-plane instability marked by the emergence

Co-solvent effects when blade coating a low-solubility conjugated polymer for bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaics

June 2, 2020

Author(s)

Lee J. Richter, Ian Pelse, Jeff Hernandez, Sebastian Engmann, Andrew Herzing, John R. Reynolds

The adoption of solution processed active layers in the production of thin-film photovoltaics is hampered by the transition from research fabrication techniques to scalable processing. We report a detailed study of the role of processing in determining the

Effects of feed rates on temperature profiles and feed forces in material extrusion additive manufacturing

May 30, 2020

Author(s)

Cheng Luo, Xiang Wang, Kalman D. Migler, Jonathan Seppala

This study explores the effects of feed rates on temperature profiles and feed forces in material extrusion additive manufacturing of polymers. The relations between temperature distributions and feed rates are first derived, for both the solid and melted

Quantifying Strain via Buckling Instabilities in Surface Modified Polymer Brushes

May 21, 2020

Author(s)

Cassandra M. Reese, Wei Guo, Brittany J. Thompson, Phillip K. Logan, Christopher Stafford, Derek L. Patton

We present a quantitative method of measuring the compressive strain of wrinkled polymer films and coatings with knowledge of the "skin" thickness, wrinkle wavelength, and wrinkle amplitude. The derived analytical expression is validated with a well

Grafting polysiloxane onto ultrafiltration membranes to optimize surface energy and mitigate fouling

May 18, 2020

Author(s)

Thien Tran, Xiaoyi Chen, Sarthak Doshi, Christopher Stafford, Haiqing Lin

Conventional approaches to mitigate fouling of membrane surfaces impart hydrophilicity to the membrane surface, which increases the water of hydration and fluidity near the surface. By contrast, we demonstrate here that tuning the membrane surface energy

Effect of Fire-Retardant Coatings and Accelerated-Weathering on the Flammability of Wood-Based Materials in Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) Communities

May 12, 2020

Author(s)

Laura J. Dubrulle, Mauro Zammarano, Rick D. Davis

Ten commercial fire-retardant coatings (FRCs) designed for wood in outdoor applications, either film-forming or non-film forming (stains), and five top-coatings (used in combination with a FRC to increase its durability) were characterized by microscale

Workshop on the Characterization of Fiber-Based Scaffolds: Where We Are and What We Need to Move Forward

May 12, 2020

Author(s)

Carl Simon Jr., Becky Robinson-Zeigler, Michael Yaszemski, Jayesh Doshi, Michael Francis, Sherif Soliman, Lexi Garcia

As the tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) industry transitions from small-scale development of prototypes for research and design purposes to large-scale production for the clinic there is a need to ensure that products are properly

Processing-Structure-Property Relationships of Polycarbonate Samples Prepared by Fused Filament Fabrication

May 11, 2020

Author(s)

Lichen Fang, Yishu Yan, Ojaswi Agarwal, Jonathan Seppala, Kevin Hemker, Sung Hoon Kang

Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is one of the most popular additive manufacturing processes. However, advanced applications of FFF are still limited by the large variation of mechanical property and macroscale geometry of printed parts. To obtain a

Photo-tunable hydrogel mechanical heterogeneity informed by predictive transport kinetics model

May 6, 2020

Author(s)

Callie I. Higgins, Jason P. Killgore, Frank W. DelRio, Stephanie J. Bryant, Robert R. McLeod

Mimicking the three-dimensional (3D) mechanical and chemical properties of distinctly different, adjacent biological tissues is crucial to study and to understand these regions. 3D printing is a technique often employed to spatially control the

Effects of temperature and humidity on high-strength p-aramid fibers used in body armor

April 14, 2020

Author(s)

Amy E. Engelbrecht-Wiggans, Faraz A. Burni, Emilien Guigues, Shefei Jiang, Vivian Yu, Thang Huynh, Zois Tsinas, Deborah Jacobs, Amanda L. Forster

To improve the reliability and design of body armor, it is imperative to understand the failure modes and the degradation rates of the materials used in armor. Despite the best efforts of manufacturers, some vulnerability of armor materials to aging due to

Observation of iron oxide nanoparticle growth in magnetogels using magnetic resonance imaging

April 9, 2020

Author(s)

Samuel D. Oberdick, Stephen E. Russek, Megan E. Poorman, Gary Zabow

We show that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to visualize the spatiotemporal dynamics of iron oxide nanoparticle growth within a hydrogel network during in situ coprecipitation. The synthesis creates a magnetic nanoparticle loaded polymer gel

On the Nature of Macroradicals Formed upon Radiolysis of Aqueous Poly(N--?vinylpyrrolidone)Solutions

April 2, 2020

Author(s)

Richard D. Holbrook, Clelia Dispenza, Maria Antonietta Sabatino, Natascia Grimaldi, Bjorn Dahlgren, Mohamad Al-Sheikhly, James F. Wishart, Zois Tsinas, Mats Jonsson

In this work we have explored the nature of macroradicals formed upon radiolysis of aqueous poly(N-‐vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) solutions using pulse radiolysis, density functional theory (DFT) and literature data. On the basis of literature data on site-

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