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NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 32951 - 32975 of 73929

Osteocyte Enhancement of Angiogenesis In Vitro

February 14, 2007
Author(s)
Erica Takai, Juan M. Taboas, Rocky Tuan, Steven D. Hudson
It is well known that an intimate relationship exists between vascularization and bone formation during development and fracture healing, where new bone formation is preceded by local vascularization. A recent rat exercise model has demonstrated that

Solvation Structure of Ions in Water

February 14, 2007
Author(s)
Raymond D. Mountain
Molecular dynamics simulations of ions in water are reported for solutionsof varying solute concentration at ambient conditions for6 cations and 4 anions in 10 solutes. The solutes were selected to show trends inproperties as the size and charge density of

120Hz Pulse Tube Cryocooler for Fast Cooldown to 50K

February 13, 2007
Author(s)
Srinivas Vanapalli, Michael A. Lewis, Zhihua Gan, Ray Radebaugh
A pulse tube cryocooler operating at 120 Hz with 3.5 MPa average pressure achieved a no-load temperature of about 49.9 K and a cooldown time to 80 K of 5.5 minutes. The net refrigeration power at 80 K was 3.35 W with an efficiency of about 22.6% of Carnot

Effects of Vacancies on Properties of Relaxor Ferroelectrics: A First-Principles Study

February 13, 2007
Author(s)
L Bellaiche, Jorge Iniguez, Eric J. Cockayne, Benjamin P. Burton
A first-principles-based model is developed to investigate the influence of lead vacancies on the properties of relaxor ferroelectric Pb(Sc1/2Nb1/2)O3 (PSN). Lead vacancies generate large, inhomogeneous, electric fields that reduce barriers between energy

Low-Noise PPLN-based Single-Photon Detector

February 13, 2007
Author(s)
Hai Xu, Lijun Ma, Oliver T. Slattery, Xiao Tang
This paper describes the detection of single photons, which have been transmitted through standard fiber at the telecom wavelength of 1310 nm. Following transmission, the 1310-nm photon is up-converted to 710 nm in a periodical-poled LiNbO3 (PPLN)

MOSS - Material Off-Shore Sourcing

February 13, 2007
Author(s)
Peter O. Denno
The Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG) Project, Customs / Logistics Strategies to Strengthen Long Distance Supply Chains, seeks to improve processes and information communication employed in intercontinental trade lanes. At the time this paper was

Quantum Computing with Very Noisy Devices

February 13, 2007
Author(s)
Emanuel H. Knill
This lecture was presented at the Workshop on Trapped Ion Quantum Computing hosted by NIST, February 21 - 24, 2006. It discussed the basic principles of fault-tolerant architectures for quantum computing, why we should be concerned with the resources used

Traceable Micro-Force Calibration for Instrumented Indentation Testing

February 13, 2007
Author(s)
Douglas T. Smith, Gordon A. Shaw, Richard Seugling, Jon R. Pratt, Dan Xiang
We describe the development, performance and application of an accurate SI-traceable force calibration and verification system for potential use in the field calibration of commercial instrumented indentation testing (IIT) instruments. The system consists

Trilateral optical powermeter comparison between NIST, NMIJ/AIST, and METAS

February 10, 2007
Author(s)
Igor Vayshenker, John H. Lehman, David J. Livigni, Xiaoyu X. Li, Kuniaki Amemiya, Daiji Fukuda, Seiji Mukai, Shinji Kimura, Michiyuki Endo, Jacques Morel, Armin Gambon
We describe the results of a comparison of reference standards between three National Metrology Institutes: the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST, USA), the National Metrology Institute of Japan/National Institute of Advanced Industrial

Characterization of Compositional Heterogeneity in Chemically Amplified Photoresist Polymer Thin Films with Infrared Spectroscopy

February 9, 2007
Author(s)
Shuhui Kang, B D. Vogt, Vivek Prabhu, Eric K. Lin, Wen-Li Wu, David L. VanderHart, Ashwin Rao, Karen Turnquest
We demonstrate a general approach to characterize compositional heterogeneity in polymer thin films using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Polymer films with varying degrees of heterogeneity were prepared using a model chemically amplified

Compact Anamorphic Imaging Spectrometer

February 9, 2007
Author(s)
P Maciejewski, K Barnard, Rand Swanson, Michael Kehoe, C Smith, Thomas Moon, Robert R. Bousquet, Steven W. Brown, Keith R. Lykke
Deployment of compact hyperspectral imaging sensors on small UAVs has the potential of providing a cost-effective solution for rapid-response target detection and cueing based on time-critical spectral information collected at low altitudes. To address

Multidimensional Instrumentation Applied to Studies of Electrodeposition

February 9, 2007
Author(s)
Brian J. Polk, Felix Duvallet
Students of the experimental sciences have a need to learn how to interface multiple instruments to computers for the purpose of building effective data acquisition systems. For example, a requirement for better process control of electroplating demanded

Determination of the Scattering Length of the a3Sigma+ Potential of 87RbCs

February 8, 2007
Author(s)
Eite Tiesinga, M Anderlini, E Arimondo
We have determined the scattering length of the a3Sigma+ potential of 87RbCs based on experimental observations from the literature and the known value for the long-range dispersion coefficient. Our analysis uses quantum defect theory and analytical

Establishing Wireless Robust Security Networks: A Guide to IEEE 802.11i

February 7, 2007
Author(s)
Sheila E. Frankel, Bernard Eydt, L Owens, Karen Kent Scarfone
This report provides readers with a detailed explanation of next generation 802.11 wireless security. It describes the inherently flawed Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) and explains 802.11i's two-step approach (interim and long-term)to providing effective

Mechanically Robust Spin-On Organosilicates Glasses for Nanoporous Applications

February 7, 2007
Author(s)
Hyun Wook Ro, K Char, Eun-Chae Jeon, H C. Kim, Dongil Kwon, Hae-Jeong Lee, J. H. Lee, Hee-Woo Rhee, Christopher L. Soles, Do Y. Yoon
An increasing number of technologies demand nanoporous materials with vastly improved physical, mechanical and thermal properties. This manuscript develops the microstructural basis for synthesizing organosilicate glasses (OSGs) with unprecedented thermal

Nanocrystal-Based Biomimetic System for Quantitative Flow Cytometry

February 6, 2007
Author(s)
Marina Dobrovolskaia, Hyeong G. Kang, Matthew L. Clarke, Anil Patri, Jeeseong Hwang
Flow cytometry has been instrumental in rapid analysis of single cells since the 1970s. One of the common approaches is the immunofluorescence study involving labeling of cells with antibodies conjugated to organic fluorophores. More recently, as the

Superfilling When Adsorbed Accelerators Are Mobile

February 6, 2007
Author(s)
Daniel Josell, Thomas P. Moffat, Daniel Wheeler
Bottom-up superfill during electrodeposition that is used for industrial processing of damascene copper interconnects has also been demonstrated during electrodeposition of silver and gold. The Curvature Enhanced Accelerator Coverage (CEAC) mechanism has
Displaying 32951 - 32975 of 73929
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