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Displaying 31751 - 31775 of 73461

Absolute Flux Calibrations of Stars

August 30, 2007
Author(s)
Gerald T. Fraser, Steven W. Brown, Howard W. Yoon, Bettye C. Johnson, Keith R. Lykke
Absolute stellar photometry is based on 1970s terrestrial measurements of the star Vega referenced against the Cu fixed-point blackbody. Significant advances in absolute radiometry have been made in the last 30 years that offer the potential to improve

Building Electronic Function Into Nanoscale Molecular Architectures

August 30, 2007
Author(s)
H D. Abruna, M Ratner, Roger D. van Zee
The use of molecules in electronic circuit has been the subject of recent study. Experimentally, two-terminal, molecular rectifiers have been demonstrated, three-terminal, single-molecule transistors demonstrated, and electromechanical molecular switches

Distinguishing Between Nonlinear Channel Transport and Contact Effects in Organic FETs

August 30, 2007
Author(s)
Behrang Hamadani, Jeremy LeBoeuf, R J. Kline, Iain McCulloch, Martin Heeney, Curt A. Richter, Lee J. Richter, David J. Gundlach
We investigate charge injection and transport in organic field-effect transistors fabricated by using poly(2,5-bis(3-tetradecylthiophene-2-yl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophene) (pBTTT-C14) as the active polymer layer. We show that in high mobility devices where the

Hydrosomes: Femtoliter Containers for Fluorescence Spectroscopy Studies

August 30, 2007
Author(s)
Ana Jofre, Jianyong Tang, M E. Greene, G M. Lowman, N Hodas, Rani B. Kishore, Kristian Helmerson, Lori S. Goldner
We report on improvements and innovations in the use of hydrosomes to encapsulate and study single molecules. Hydrosomes are optically-trappable aqueous nanodroplets. The droplets are suspended in a fluorocarbon medium that is immiscible with water and has

A Comparison of Pooled and Sampled Relevance Judgments

August 29, 2007
Author(s)
Ian M. Soboroff
Test collections are most useful when they are reusable, that is, when they can be reliably used to rank systems that did not contribute to the pools. Pooled relevance judgments for very large collections may not be reusable for two reasons: they will be

Guide to Secure Web Services

August 29, 2007
Author(s)
Anoop Singhal, Theodore Winograd, Karen A. Scarfone
The advance of Web services technologies promises to have far-reaching effects on the Internet and enterprise networks. Web services based on the eXtensible Markup Language (XML), SOAP, and related open standards, and deployed in Service Oriented

Standardizing Measurements of Autonomy in the Artificially Intelligent

August 28, 2007
Author(s)
Amy Hudson, Larry H. Reeker
The amount of control that an intelligent system has over their actions, whether they are able to act independently from their creator, plays a major factor in describing systems and in distinguishing them from each other. Different levels of autonomy

The TREC 2005 Terabyte Track

August 27, 2007
Author(s)
Charles L. Clarke, Falk Scholer, Ian Soboroff
The Terabyte Track explores how retrieval and evaluation techniques can scale to terabyte-sized collections, examining both efficiency and effectiveness issues. TREC 2005 is the second year for the track. The track was introduced as part of TREC 2004, with

Coherent fiber-based frequency combs and cw lasers at 1550 nm

August 26, 2007
Author(s)
Nathan R. Newbury, William C. Swann, Ian R. Coddington, Paul A. Williams
Coherent optical sources in the 1550 nm region of the spectrum have a number of applications in frequency metrology, stable frequency transfer, precision spectroscopy and remote sensing. A narrow-linewidth (~ 1 Hz) single-frequency source can be generated

Simultaneous Measurement of Up-Welling Spectral Radiance Using a Fiber-Coupled CCD Spectrograph

August 26, 2007
Author(s)
M Yarbrough, S Flora, M Feinholz, Terrance Houlihan, Yong S. Kim, Steven W. Brown, B. Carol Johnson, Kenneth Voss, Dennis Clark
Determination of the water-leaving spectral radiance using in-water instrumentation requires measurements of the up-welling spectral radiance (Lu) at several depths. If these measurements are separated in time, changes in the measurement conditions result

Atomic Motion During the Migration of General [001] Tilt Grain Boundaries in Ni

August 24, 2007
Author(s)
Hao Zhang, David J. Srolovitz, Jack F. Douglas, James A. Warren
We generalize a previous study of the atomic motions governing grain boundary migration to consider arbitrary misorientations of [001] tilt boundaries. Our examination of the nature of atomic motions employed three statistical measures: the non-Gaussian

Meta-Analysis of Third-Party Evaluations of Iris Recognition

August 24, 2007
Author(s)
Elaine M. Newton, P J. Phillips
Iris recognition has long been widely regarded as a highly accurate biometric, despite the lack of independent, large-scale testing of its performance. Recently, however, three third-party evaluations of iris recognition were performed. This paper compares

Secure Web Services

August 23, 2007
Author(s)
Shirley M. Radack
This bulletin provides information on current and emerging standards that have been developed for Web services, and provides background information on the most common security threats to service-oriented architectures (SOAs). The bulletin discusses Web

Estimation and Testing for the Common Intersection Point

August 22, 2007
Author(s)
Andrew L. Rukhin
The problem of estimating a common intersection point from a collection of straight lines and of testing the hypothesis that such a point exists are considered. The relationship to the error-in-variables regression and to the intersection-union principle

Current status of transport properties of hydrogen

August 21, 2007
Author(s)
Jacob W. Leachman, Bryce Jacobson, Steven Penoncello, Marcia L. Huber
This paper contains an analysis of transport properties of hydrogen, particularly thermal conductivity and viscosity, which are needed for many applications in system analysis and design. It includes a review of the current standard transport property
Displaying 31751 - 31775 of 73461
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