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Displaying 23176 - 23200 of 73929

The Benefits of U.S.-European Security Standardization

June 6, 2012
Author(s)
Erik Puskar
This paper briefly characterizes the benefits of collaboration, focusing on the innovations and efficiencies that standardization entails. EU-U.S. standization institutions and collaborative standardization initiative are identified; the logic of expanding

The non-Abelian Duality Problem

June 6, 2012
Author(s)
Emanuel H. Knill, E. Cobanera, Gerardo Ortiz
We exploit a new theory of duality transformations to construct dual representations of models incompatible with traditional duality transformations. Hence we obtain a solution to the long-standing problem of non-Abelian dualities that hinges on two key

Two-dimensional transport and screening in topological insulator surface states

June 6, 2012
Author(s)
Shaffique Adam, Euyheon Hwang, Sankar Das Sarma
We study the surface states of Bi2Se3 close to the topologically protected crossing point. Close to charge neutrality, local fluctuations in carrier density result in electron and hole puddles that dominate the electronic properties of these materials. By

Dimensional Metrology for Micro/Meso-Scale Manufacturing

June 5, 2012
Author(s)
Shawn P. Moylan
The small sizes, range of shapes and sizes, and low absolute tolerances present unique challenges to geometric dimensional metrology at the micro/meso-scale. This chapter provides and overview of the most common methods used for geometric dimensional

Synthetic 3D Spin-Orbit Coupling

June 5, 2012
Author(s)
Ian B. Spielman, Brandon Anderson, Gediminas Juzeliunas, Victor Galitski
We describe a method for creating a three-dimensional analogue to Rashba spin-orbit coupling in systems of ultracold atoms. This laser induced coupling uses Raman transitions to link four internal atomic states with a tetrahedral geometry, and gives rise

Three-dimensional real-time tracking of nanoparticles at an oil-water interface

June 5, 2012
Author(s)
Kan K. Du, James A. Liddle, Andrew J. Berglund
We show that real-time feedback control can be used to study three-dimensional nanoparticle transport dynamics. We apply the method to study the behavior of adsorbed nanoparticles at a silicone oil-water interface in a microemulsion system over a range of

Traffic Scheduling Technique for Smart Grid Advanced Metering Applications

June 5, 2012
Author(s)
Hamid Gharavi
In this paper, we present a multi-gate mesh network architecture that has been developed to ensure high performance and reliability under emergency conditions when a system expects to receive power outage notifications and exchanges. In order to handle the

Calibration of an Astrophysical Spectrograph below 1 m/s using a Laser Frequency Comb

June 4, 2012
Author(s)
David F. Phillips, Alexander G. Glenday, Chih-hao Li, Claire E. Cramer, Gabor Furesz, Guoquing Chang, Andrew Benedick, Li-Jin Chen, F X. Kaertner, Sylvain G. Korzennik, Dimitar Sasselov, Andrew Szentgyorgyi, Ronald L. Walsworth
We deployed two wavelength calibrators based on laser frequency combs ("astro-combs") at an astronomical observatory. One astro-comb operated over a 100 nm band in the deep red ( 800 nm) and a second operated over a 20 nm band in the blue ( 400 nm). We

Effect of Losses on the Performance of an SU(1,1) Interferometer

June 4, 2012
Author(s)
Alberto M. Marino, Neil V. Corzo Trejo, Paul D. Lett
We study the effect of losses on the phase sensitivity of the SU(1,1) interferometer for different configurations. We find that this type of interferometer is robust against losses that result from an inefficient detection system. This type of loss only

Evaluation of Fault Detection Effectiveness for Combinatorial and Exhaustive Selection of Discretized Test Inputs

June 4, 2012
Author(s)
Carmelo Montanez-Rivera, David R. Kuhn, Mary C. Brady, Richard M. Rivello, Jenise Reyes Rodriguez, Michael K. Powers
Testing components of web browsers and other graphical interface software can be extremely expensive because of the need for human review of screen appearance and interactive behavior. Combinatorial testing has been advocated as a method that provides

NICE: Creating a Cybersecurity Workforce and Aware Public

June 4, 2012
Author(s)
Celia Paulsen, Ernest L. McDuffie, William D. Newhouse, Patricia R. Toth
The National Initiative for Cybersecurity Education (NICE) aims to create an operational, sustainable, and continually improving program for cybersecurity awareness, education, training, and workforce development. As part of the initiative, the NICE

A novel solar simulator based on a super-continuum laser

June 3, 2012
Author(s)
Tasshi Dennis, John B. Schlager, Hao-Chih Yuan, Qi Wang, Daniel Friedman
The design and operation of a novel solar simulator based on a high-power, super-continuum fiber laser is described in this work. The simulator features a multi-sun irradiance with continuous spectral coverage from the visible to the infrared. By use of a

3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane Functionalization and Biotinylation of 4H-SiC for Immobilization of Streptavidin

June 1, 2012
Author(s)
Elissa H. Williams, Albert Davydov, John A. Schreifels, Mulpuri V. Rao, Abhishek Motayed, Siddarth Sundaresan, Peter Bocchini, Lee J. Richter, Gheorghe Stan, Kristen L. Steffens, Rebecca A. Zangmeister
(0001) 4H-SiC was functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and subsequently biotinylated for the immobilization of streptavidin. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ellipsometry, fluorescence microscopy

An Efficient Large-Area Grating Coupler for Surface Plasmon Polaritons

June 1, 2012
Author(s)
Stefan T. Koev, Amit K. Agrawal, Henri J. Lezec, Vladimir A. Aksyuk
We report the design, fabrication and characterization of a periodic grating of shallow rectangular grooves in a metallic film with the goal of maximizing the coupling efficiency of an extended plane wave (PW) of visible or near-IR frequency light into a

An instrumented bioreactor for mechanical stimulation and real-time, nondestructive evaluation of engineered cartilage tissue

June 1, 2012
Author(s)
Jenni R. Popp, Justine Roberts, Douglas V. Gallagher, Kristi S. Anseth, Stephanie Bryant, Timothy P. Quinn
Mechanical stimulation is essential for chondrocyte metabolism and cartilage matrix deposition. In vitro, mechanical stimulation is accomplished via culture in a bioreactor. Traditional methods for evaluating the developing tissue are destructive, time

Calibration of Laminar Flow Meters for Process Gases

June 1, 2012
Author(s)
John D. Wright, Thiago Cobu, Robert F. Berg, Michael R. Moldover
We calibrated three models of commercially-manufactured, laminar flow meters (LFMs) at four pressures (100 kPa, 200 kPa, 300 kPa, and 400 kPa) with five gases (N2, Ar, He, CO2, and SF6) over a 10:1 flow range using NIST’s primary flow standards as

Characteristics of Graphene for Quantized Hall Effect Measurements

June 1, 2012
Author(s)
Randolph E. Elmquist, Mariano A. Real, Irene G. Calizo, Brian G. Bush, Tian T. Shen, Nikolai N. Klimov, David B. Newell, Angela R. Hight Walker, Randall M. Feenstra
This paper describes concepts and measurement techniques necessary for characterization of graphene in the development of graphene-based quantized Hall effect (QHE) devices and resistance standards. We briefly contrast the properties of graphene produced

Framework for hybrid life-cycle inventory databases: BEES case study

June 1, 2012
Author(s)
Sangwon Suh, Barbara C. Lippiatt
In an effort to develop a whole building LCA tool, NIST is transforming new bottom-up BEES data into a hybrid database in which the strengths of both bottom-up and top-down approaches can be combined. The objective of this paper is to describe the

Graphene Epitaxial Growth on SiC(0001) for Resistance Standards

June 1, 2012
Author(s)
Mariano A. Real, Tian T. Shen, George R. Jones Jr., Randolph Elmquist, Johannes A. Soons, Albert Davydov
Epitaxial growth of graphene layers on 6H-SiC(0001) substrates have been studied in order to improve graphene's performance for metrological applications. A face-to-face (FTF) sublimation method at 2000 °C and in Ar background atmosphere is used to inhibit
Displaying 23176 - 23200 of 73929
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