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Displaying 22576 - 22600 of 73929

Magnetic Neutron Scattering

October 2, 2012
Author(s)
Jeffrey W. Lynn
Neutron scattering is a powerful tool to investigate the magnetic structures and spin dynamics of materials. In this tutorial we provide examples of the application of magnetic neutron diffraction using polycrystalline materials, single crystals, thin

A 4:1 transmission-line impedance transformer for broadband superconducting circuits

October 1, 2012
Author(s)
Leonardo M. Ranzani, Lafe F. Spietz, Jose A. Aumentado, Zoya Popovic
We present a 4 : 1 superconducting transmission-line impedance transformer for cryogenic applications. The device transforms 25 {Ω} in the coplanar waveguide to 6.25 {Ω} in the microstrip and is designed to operate at 20 mK. Calibrated measurements in a

A titanium-nitride near-infrared kinetic inductance photon-counting detector and its anomalous electrodynamics

October 1, 2012
Author(s)
Martin O. Sandberg, Fabio C. da Silva, Kent D. Irwin, David P. Pappas, Sae Woo Nam, David Wisbey, Ben Mazin, Seth Meeker, Jonas Zmuidzinas, Henry G. Leduc
We demonstrate single-photon counting at 1550 nm with titanium-nitride (TiN) microwave kinetic inductancedetectors. Full-width-at-half-maximum energy resolution of 0.4 eV is achieved. 0-, 1-, 2- photon events are resolved and shown to follow Poisson

Characterization of Perchlorate in a New Frozen Human Urine Standard Reference Material

October 1, 2012
Author(s)
Lee L. Yu, William C. Davis, Rabia Oflaz, Gregory C. Turk, Jeff M. Jarrett, Liza Valentin, Benjamin C. Blount, Dennis D. Leber, Eric L. Kilpatrick
Perchlorate, an inorganic anion, has recently been recognized as an environmental contaminant by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Assessment of human exposure to perchlorate requires measurement of the anion in urine. Although the

Faster, Better, Cheaper: New Automated Vacuum Calibration Service at NIST

October 1, 2012
Author(s)
Jacob E. Ricker, Jay H. Hendricks, Douglas A. Olson, Gregory F. Strouse
In today’s fast-paced world and ever expanding quality assurance requirements, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has developed a system to fill the need for faster, better, and cheaper low pressure calibrations (0.65 Pa to 130 kPa)

Influence of mercury and selenium chemistries on the progression of cardiomyopathy in pygmy sperm whales, Kogia breviceps

October 1, 2012
Author(s)
Colleen E. Bryan Sallee, William C. Davis, Wayne E. McFee, Carola A. Neumann, Jennifer Schulte, Gregory D. Bossart, Steven J. Christopher
More than half of pygmy sperm whales (Kogia breviceps) that strand exhibit signs of cardiomyopathy (CMP). Many factors may contribute to the development of idiopathic CMP in K. breviceps, including genetics, infectious agents, contaminants, biotoxins, and

Interstellar Carbodiimide (HNCNH) - A New Astronomical Detection from the GBT PRIMOS Survey via Maser Emission Features

October 1, 2012
Author(s)
Brett A. McGuire, Ryan A. Loomis, Cameron M. Charness, Geoffery A. Blake, Jan M. Hollis, Francis J. Lovas, Philip R. Jewell, Anthony J. Remijan
Historically, searches for new astronomical molecules resulted in the detection of favorable, high line strength transitions based on a thermal approximation to the excitation of these species in interstellar environments. Given the temperatures of hot

Microsecond Accuracy at Multiple Locations: Is it possible without GPS?

October 1, 2012
Author(s)
Michael A. Lombardi
The microsecond is the most discussed unit in industrial timing systems, because microsecond accuracy is required to support critical infrastructure. Most critical infrastructure timing systems depend upon GPS, simply because microsecond accuracy is easy

On the Contribution of Bulk Defects on Charge Pumping Current

October 1, 2012
Author(s)
Jason T. Ryan, Richard G. Southwick, Jason P. Campbell, Kin P. Cheung, John S. Suehle
Frequency dependent charge pumping (FD-CP) has emerged as a popular technique for studying the spatial and energetic distribution of defect centers in advanced high-k gate stacks. However, conflicting interpretations of the charge pumping frequency -

Partitioning of Ethanol into Lipid Membranes and its Effect on Fluidity and Permeability as seen by X-ray and Neutron Scattering

October 1, 2012
Author(s)
Laura Toppozini, Clare L. Armstrong, Matthew A. Barrett, Songbo Zheng, Lindy Luo, Hirsh Nanda, Victoria Garcia Sakai, Maikel C. Rheinstadter
We present a combined neutron and x-ray scattering investigation to study the effect of ethanol on molecular structure and dynamics of lipid membranes. DMPC powder hydrated with a 5wt% ethanol solution (corresponding to 2mol% of ethanol) were used for this

Pore Size Distribution and Accessible Pore Size Distribution in Bituminous Coals

October 1, 2012
Author(s)
Richard Sakurovs, Lilin He, Yuri B. Melnichenko, Andrzej P. Radlinski, Tomasz Blach, Hartmut Lemmel, David F. Mildner
Contrast-matching ultra-small-angle neutron scattering (USANS) and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) techniques have been used to determine the fraction of the pores that are inaccessible to deuterated methane, CD 4, in 23 coals over the range of pores

Sequential Estimation of Timebase Corrections for an Arbitrarily Long Waveform

October 1, 2012
Author(s)
Chih-Ming Wang, Paul D. Hale, Jeffrey A. Jargon, Dylan F. Williams, Catherine A. Remley
We present a procedure for correcting the timebase distortion and jitter of temporal waveforms of arbitrary lengths. This is achieved by estimating the timebase distortion and jitter sequentially with overlapping measurements and using the information in

The Juliet 1.1 C/C++ and Java Test Suite

October 1, 2012
Author(s)
Frederick E. Boland Jr., Paul E. Black
The Juliet Test Suite 1.1 is a collection of over 81,000 synthetic C/C++ and Java programs with known flaws. These programs are useful as test cases for testing the effectiveness of static analyzers and other software assurance tools, and are in the public

Interference Mitigation Using Adaptive Schemes in Body Area Networks

September 30, 2012
Author(s)
Wen-Bin Yang, Kamran Sayrafian
Considering the medical nature of the information carried in Body Area Networks (BAN), interference from coexisting wireless networks or even other nearby BANs could create serious problems on their operational reliability. As practical implementation of

Multiexciton dynamics in infrared-emitting colloidal nanostructures probed by a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector

September 30, 2012
Author(s)
Richard L. Sandberg, Lazaro A. Padilha, Mumtaz Qazilbash, Wan Ki Bae, Richard D. Schaller, Jeffrey M. Pietryga, Martin Stevens, Burm Baek, Sae Woo Nam, Victor I. Klimov
Carrier multiplication (CM) is the process in which absorption of a single photon produces multiple electron-hole pairs. Here, we evaluate the effect of particle shape on CM efficiency by conducting a comparative study of spherical nanocrystal quantum dots

SCIENCE-BASED METRICS FOR PRODUCT SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT

September 30, 2012
Author(s)
Barbara C. Lippiatt
Consumers and manufacturers need compelling metrics, tools, and data supporting investments in sustainable products. Today’s marketplace is fraught with sustainability claims that are often based on incomplete, anecdotal evidence that is difficult to

A high resolution gamma-ray spectrometer based on superconducting microcalorimeters

September 28, 2012
Author(s)
Douglas A. Bennett, Robert D. Horansky, Daniel R. Schmidt, Andrew Hoover, Ryan Winkler, Bradley K. Alpert, James A. Beall, William B. Doriese, Joseph W. Fowler, Gene C. Hilton, Kent D. Irwin, Nathan J. Hoteling, Vincent Y. Kotsubo, John A. Mates, Galen C. O'Neil, Michael W. Rabin, Carl D. Reintsema, Francis J. Schima, Daniel S. Swetz, Leila R. Vale, Joel N. Ullom
Improvements in superconductor device fabrication, detector hybridization techniques, and superconducting quantum interference device readout have made square-centimeter-sized arrays of gammaray microcalorimeters, based on transition-edge sensors (TESs)
Displaying 22576 - 22600 of 73929
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