NOTICE: Due to a lapse in annual appropriations, most of this website is not being updated. Learn more.

Form submissions will still be accepted but will not receive responses at this time. Sections of this site for programs using non-appropriated funds (such as NVLAP) or those that are excepted from the shutdown (such as CHIPS and NVD) will continue to be updated.

U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Search Publications

NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 20951 - 20975 of 73697

CT head-scan dosimetry in an anthropomorphic phantom and associated measurement of ACR accreditation-phantom imaging metrics under clinically representative scan conditions

July 24, 2013
Author(s)
Ronaldo Minniti, Claudia Brunner, Stanley H. Stern, Marie I. Parry, Kish Chakrabarti
The purpose of this work was to measure radiation absorbed dose and its distribution in an anthropomorphic head phantom under clinically representative scan conditions in three widely-used computed tomography (CT) scanners, and to relate those dose values

Why there is no noon-midnight red shift in the GPS

July 24, 2013
Author(s)
Neil Ashby, Marc A. Weiss
Although the effects of solar and lunar gravitational potentials on the frequencies of orbiting GPS clocks are actually negligible, a naive calculation appears to show that such effects are significant, depending on whether the SV clock is between the

Absolute calibration of optical power and fluence rate for PDT: Report of AAPM TG140

July 23, 2013
Author(s)
Marla L. Dowell, Timothy Zhu, Christopher Bonnerup, Valdir Colussi, Jarod Finlay, Lothar Lilge, Thomas Slowery, claudio sibata
This report is primarily concerned with methods for optical calibration of laser power and light fluence rate for continuous wave (CW) light sources, predominantly used in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Dosimetry of light is very important for PDT, however

Cold atomic beam ion source for focused ion beam applications

July 23, 2013
Author(s)
Brenton J. Knuffman, Adam V. Steele, Jabez J. McClelland
We report measurements and modeling performed on an ion source based on ionization of a laser-cooled atomic beam. We show a high brightness and a low energy spread, suitable for use in next-generation, high-resolution focused ion beam (FIB) systems. Our

Computer Security Division 2012 Annual Report

July 22, 2013
Author(s)
Patrick D. O'Reilly
Title III of the E-Government Act of 2002, entitled the Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA) of 2002, requires NIST to prepare an annual public report on activities undertaken in the previous year, and planned for the coming year, to carry

Direct measurements of mass-specific optical cross sections of single component aerosol mixtures

July 22, 2013
Author(s)
James Radney, Xiaofei Ma, Keith A. Gillis, Michael R. Zachariah, Joseph T. Hodges, Christopher D. Zangmeister
The optical properties of atmospheric aerosols vary widely, being dependent upon particle composition, morphology and mixing state. This diversity and complexity of aerosols motivates measurement techniques that can discriminate and quantify a variety of

Electron Tweezers as a Tool for High Precision Manipulation of Nanoobjects

July 22, 2013
Author(s)
Vladimir P. Oleshko, James Howe
Trapping of nanometer size objects by optical tweezers is challenging because the forces become very small for nanoparticles and the resolving power of light optical (near-field) microscopy is currently limited to ~15 nm. Focused electron beams with much

Guide to Enterprise Patch Management Technologies

July 22, 2013
Author(s)
Murugiah P. Souppaya, Karen Scarfone
Patch management is the process for identifying, acquiring, installing, and verifying patches for products and systems. Patches correct security and functionality problems in software and firmware. There are several challenges that complicate patch

Guide to Malware Incident Prevention and Handling for Desktops and Laptops

July 22, 2013
Author(s)
Murugiah P. Souppaya, Karen Scarfone
Malware, also known as malicious code, refers to a program that is covertly inserted into another program with the intent to destroy data, run destructive or intrusive programs, or otherwise compromise the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of the

NIST Cloud Computing Standards Roadmap

July 22, 2013
Author(s)
Annie W. Sokol, Michael D. Hogan
NIST has been designated by the Federal Chief Information Officer (CIO) to accelerate the federal government’s secure adoption of cloud computing by leading efforts to develop standards and guidelines in close consultation and collaboration with standards

Optical Measurements of OLED Panels for Lighting Applications

July 22, 2013
Author(s)
Tokihisa Kawabata, Yoshi Ohno
Optical characteristics of OLED panels have been investigated for the purpose of developing a test method for OLED panels for lighting applications. The electrical characteristics, total luminous flux and chromaticity (x, y), and their dependence on supply

Principles for Profiling Healthcare Data Communication Standards

July 22, 2013
Author(s)
Robert D. Snelick
Healthcare organizations often have many proprietary heterogeneous information systems that must exchange data reliably. Seamlessly sharing information among systems is complex. The widely adopted HL7 version 2 messaging standard has helped the process of

Shape Calculus for Shape Energies in Image Processing

July 22, 2013
Author(s)
Gunay Dogan, Ricardo H. Nochetto
Many image processing problems are naturally expressed as energy minimization or shape optimization problems, in which the free variable is a shape, such as a curve in 2d or a surface in 3d. Examples are image segmentation, multiview stereo reconstruction

Performance of BAW Resonators at Cryogenic Temperatures

July 21, 2013
Author(s)
Eduard Rocas, C. Collado, Jordi Mateu, A Hueltes, J. Verdu, Robert Aigner, James Booth
In this work we go beyond the usual temperature range for commercial applications and explore the functioning of Bulk Acoustic Wave (BAW) resonators down to cryogenic temperatures, to get the whole picture at understanding the physical tendency of the main

Dynamic Stress Analysis Applied to (111)-Textured Pt in HClO_(4) Electrolyte

July 20, 2013
Author(s)
Manon C. Lafouresse, Ugo Bertocci, Gery R. Stafford
Dynamic stress analysis (DSA) was performed on Pt cantilever electrodes immersed in a 0.1 mol/L HClO_(4) electrolyte. DSA combines elements of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cantilever curvature. In this paper DSA is used to determine the

Improving quantitative neutron radiography through image restoration

July 20, 2013
Author(s)
Daniel S. Hussey, Elias M. Baltic, Kevin J. Coakley, David L. Jacobson
This in-situ study examines the water content in polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) using neutron radiography. Various conditions such as different polytetraflouroethylene (PTFE) loadings in the gas diffusion media including the micro-porous layer (MPL

Challenges of the Changing Robot Markets

July 19, 2013
Author(s)
Gurvinder S. Virk, Carol Herman, Roger V. Bostelman, Tamas Haidegger
Service robots are becoming an integrated part of daily life, entering even the most complex scenarios, yet at a slower pace than previously anticipated. This paper presents an overview of the changing area of robotics and the new challenges being faced

Digital Signature Standard (DSS)

July 19, 2013
Author(s)
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Elaine Barker
This Standard specifies a suite of algorithms that can be used to generate a digital signature. Digital signatures are used to detect unauthorized modifications to data and to authenticate the identity of the signatory. In addition, the recipient of signed

Development of a Precision Nanoindentation Platform

July 18, 2013
Author(s)
Douglas T. Smith, Bartosz K. Nowakowski, Robert F. Cook, Stuart T. Smith, Luis F. Correa
This paper presents the design, construction and performance of a surface- referenced nanoindentation instrument termed a precision nanoindentation platform (PNP). The PNP is a symmetrically designed instrument with a centrally located indenter tip
Displaying 20951 - 20975 of 73697
Was this page helpful?