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Search Publications

NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 8851 - 8875 of 73830

DARPA Organic Interconnect Characterization

January 27, 2020
Author(s)
Dylan Williams, Richard Chamberlin, Jerome Cheron, Sam Chitwood, Ken Willis, Brad Butler, Farhang Yazdani
We report on a study of interconnects fabricated on organic and silicon interposers used to connect state-of-the art digital, analog and RF chiplets commissioned by the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). The interconnects were

NIST Ballistics Toolmark Research Database

January 27, 2020
Author(s)
Xiaoyu Alan Zheng, Johannes A. Soons, Robert M. Thompson, Sushama P. Singh, Cerasela Constantin
In 2009, a report by the National Academies called into question, amongst other issues, the objectivity of visual toolmark identification by firearms examiners. The National Academies recommended development of objective toolmark identification criteria

Results of the 2018 Rapid DNA Maturity Assessment

January 27, 2020
Author(s)
Erica L. Romsos, Peter Vallone
Three commercially available integrated rapid DNA instruments were tested as a part of a rapid DNA maturity assessment in the July of 2018. The assessment was conducted with sets of blinded single-source reference samples to gauge the typing success of the

Emerging techniques for the detection of pyrotechnic residues from seized postal packages containing fireworks

January 24, 2020
Author(s)
John Gillen, Thomas Forbes, Jennifer R. Verkouteren, Shannon T. Krauss, Karlijn Bezemer, Arian C. van Asten, Peter J. Shoenmakers, Mattijs Koeberg
High volume screening of parcels with the aim to trace the illegal distribution and selling of fireworks using postal services is challenging. Inspection services have limited manpower and means to perform extensive visual inspection. In this study, the

Excess Electrons Bound to H2S Trimer and Tetramer Clusters

January 24, 2020
Author(s)
Gaoxiang Liu, Manuel Diaz-Tinoco, Sandra M. Ciborowski, Chalynette Martinez-Martinez, Svetlana Lyspustina, Jay H. Hendricks, Vincent Ortiz, Kit H. Bowen
The hydrogen sulfide trimer and tetramer anions, (H2S)3– and (H2S)4–, were generated by Rydberg electron transfer and studied via a synergy between velocity-map imaging anion photoelectron spectroscopy and high-level quantum chemical calculations. The

Dissolution and Initial Hydration Behavior of Tricalcium Aluminate in Low Activity Sulfate Solutions

January 22, 2020
Author(s)
Alexander Brand, Steven B. Feldman, Paul E. Stutzman, Anton V. Ievlev, Matthias Lorenz, Darren C. Pagan, Sriramya Nair, Justin Gorham, Jeffrey W. Bullard
The effects on cubic tricalcium aluminate (C3A) hydration of alkali or alkaline earth sulfate electrolytes were evaluated by in situ dissolution rate measurements, by ex situ near-surface composition measurements with secondary ion mass spectrometry, and

Influence of Polymer Topology on Crystallization in Thin Films

January 22, 2020
Author(s)
Jack F. Douglas, Andrea Giuntoli, Alexandros Chremos
We investigate how varying molecular topology of polymers influences crystallization in thin polymer films. In particular, we simulate linear and star polymers having a progressively increasing number of arms (f ≤ 16) for fixed molecular mass of polymer

Synaptic weighting in single flux quantum neuromorphic computing

January 22, 2020
Author(s)
Michael L. Schneider, Christine A. Donnelly, Ian W. Haygood, Alex Wynn, Stephen E. Russek, Manuel C. Castellanos Beltran, Paul D. Dresselhaus, Peter F. Hopkins, Matthew R. Pufall, William H. Rippard
Josephson junctions act as a natural spiking neuron-like device for neuromorphic computing. By leveraging the advances recently demonstrated in digital single flux quantum (SFQ) circuits and using recently demonstrated magnetic Josephson junction (MJJ)

Optimal in situ electromechanical sensing of molecular species

January 21, 2020
Author(s)
Maicol A. Ochoa, Michael P. Zwolak
We investigate protocols for optimal molecular detection with electromechanical nanoscale sensors in ambient conditions. Our models are representative of suspended graphene nanoribbons, which due to their piezoelectric and electronic properties, provide

Transverse Lipid Organization Dictates Bending Fluctuations in Model Plasma Membranes

January 21, 2020
Author(s)
Brett W. Rickeard, Michael H. Nguyen, Mitchell DiPasquale, Caesar G. Yip, Hamilton Baker, Frederick A. Heberle, Xiaobing Zuo, Elizabeth Kelley, Michihiro Nagao, Drew Marquardt
Bending fluctuation is one of the most important dynamic modes of lipid membranes. These fluctuations play a vital role in many biological processes, most notoriously, contributing to the regulation of membrane protein activity. We investigated the bending

Isotope shifts in neutral and singly-ionized calcium

January 20, 2020
Author(s)
Alexander Kramida
All available experimental data on isotope shifts and absolute frequency measurements in the optical spectra of Ca I and Ca II are analyzed, and from them complete tables of isotope shifts and energy levels of all Ca isotopes from 36 to 52 are derived. A

Chemical emission rates from cigarette butts into air

January 18, 2020
Author(s)
Mengyan Gong, Nicholas Daniels, Dustin G. Poppendieck
Globally, over five trillion cigarette butts are generated every year, resulting in potential environmental and human risks. However, little attention has been paid to airborne emission from cigarette butts. This study measured airborne emissions from

All-optical spin transfer between elemental sublattices in half-metallic Co2MnGe Heusler compound within the femtosecond laser excitation pulse

January 17, 2020
Author(s)
Phoebe Tengdin, Christian Gentry, Adam Blonsky, Dmitriy Zusin, Michael Gerrity, Lukas Hellbruck, Moritz Hofherr, Justin Shaw, Yaroslav Kvashnin, Erna K. Delczeg-Czirjak, Monika Arora, Hans Nembach, Thomas J. Silva, Stefan Mathias, Martin Aeschliman, Henry C. Kapteyn, Danny Thonig, Konstantinos Koumpouras, Olle Eriksson, Margaret M. Murnane
Heusler compounds are exciting materials for future spintronics applications because they display a wide range of tunable electronic and magnetic interactions. Here, we use a femtosecond laser to directly transfer spin polarization from one element to

Field Compressed Sensing

January 17, 2020
Author(s)
Anthony B. Kos, Fabio C. Da Silva, Jason B. Coder, Craig W. Nelson, Grace E. Antonucci, Archita Hati
Imaging solutions based on wave scattering seek real-time performance, high dynamic range, and spatial accuracy at scales spanning from nanometers to thousands of kilometers. Compressed sensing algorithms use sparsity to reduce sample size during image
Displaying 8851 - 8875 of 73830
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