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Experimental approaches for the study and application of supercritical fluids

January 25, 2007

Author(s)

Thomas J. Bruno

The design of any process involving supercritical fluids requires some degree of knowledge about the thermophysical and chemical properties of the solvents, solutes and of the solvent + solute mixture. This knowledge can take the form of measured data

A Win32-based Technique for Finding and Hashing NTFS Alternate Data Streams

January 24, 2007

Author(s)

Alden A. Dima

As part of an effort to create new datasets for the computer forensic community, the National Software Reference Library created a simple Windows specific tool for internal use similar to md5deep, which is able to recursively walk an NTFS file system and

National Marine Analytical Quality Assurance Program:Results and Description of the NIST/NOAA 2005 Interlaboratory Comparison Exercise for Trace Elements in Marine Mammals

January 24, 2007

Author(s)

Steven J. Christopher, Rebecca S. Pugh, Michael B. Ellisor, Elizabeth A. Mackey, Rabia Oflaz, Barbara J. Porter, Kathie J. Bealer, John R. Kucklick, Paul R. Becker, T K. Rowles

NIST helps benchmark and improve the quality of analytical data gathered on the marine environment by administering annual interlaboratory comparison exercises through several programs, including the National Marine AnalyticalQuality Assurance Program

NIST 4. Thermophysical Properties of Hydrocarbon Mixtures Database: Version 3.0

January 24, 2007

Author(s)

Marcia L. Huber

SUPERTRAPP version 3.0 is an interactive computer program for predicting thermodynamic and transport properties of pure fluids and fluid mixtures containing up to 20 components. The components are selected from a database of 192 components, mostly

Optimal Quantum Measurements of Expectation Values of Observables

January 24, 2007

Author(s)

Emanuel Knill, Gerardo Ortiz, Rolando Somma

Experimental characterizations of a quantum system involve the measurement of expectation values of observables for a preparable state |f> of the quantum system. Such expectation values can be measured by repeatedly preparing |f> and coupling the system to

A Combined Study of Surface Roughness in Polycrystalline Aluminum During Uniaxial Deformation Using Laser-Induced Photoemission and Confocal Microscopy

January 23, 2007

Author(s)

M Cai, Mark R. Stoudt, Lyle E. Levine, J T. Dickinson

A new technique inegrating measurements of photo stiulated electron (PSE) emission and scanning laser confocal microscopy (SLCM) has been developed to characterize the deformation of an aluminium alloy in uniaxial plastic strain. Real time, in situ PSE

A High-Throughput Thermoelectric Power-Factor Screening Tool for Rapid Construction of Thermoelectric Property Diagrams

January 23, 2007

Author(s)

Makoto Otani, Nathan Lowhorn, Peter K. Schenck, Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Martin L. Green, K Itaka, H Koinuma

We have developed a high throughput screening tool that maps out thermoelectric power factors of combinatorial composition-spread film libraries. The screening tool allows us to measure the electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient of over 1000

TEM Horn Antenna Design Principles

January 23, 2007

Author(s)

Chriss A. Grosvenor, Robert T. Johnk, David R. Novotny, Nino Canales, Benjamin Davis, Jason Veneman

The National Institute of Standards and Technology has developed several ultra-wideband, TEM Horn antennas with phase linearity, short impulse duration, and a near constant antenna factor. These are time-domain antennas used to measure impulsive fields

Design and Spectroscopic Reflectometry Characterization of Pulsed Laser Deposition Combinatorial Libraries

January 22, 2007

Author(s)

Peter K. Schenck, Nabil Bassim, Makoto Otani, Hiroyuki Oguchi, Martin L. Green

The goal of the design of pulsed laser deposition (PLD) combinatorial library films is to optimize the compositional coverage of the films while maintaining a uniform thickness. The deposition pattern of excimer laser PLD films can be modeled with a

Diameter Dependent Transport Properties of GaN Nanowire Field Effect Transistors

January 22, 2007

Author(s)

Abhishek Motayed, Mark D. Vaudin, A V. Davydov, J Meingalilis, Maoqi He, S. N. Mohammad

Direct Measurement of Cantilever Spring Constants and Correction of Cantilever Irregularities Using an Instrumented Indenter

January 22, 2007

Author(s)

Z C. Ying, Mark Reitsma, Richard S. Gates

A method is presented that allows direct measurement of a wide range of spring constants of cantilevers using an indentation instrument with an integrated optical microscope. An accuracy of better than 10% can be achieved for spring constants from 0.1 N/m

DUC 2005: Evaluation of Question-Focused Summarization Systems

January 22, 2007

Author(s)

Hoa T. Dang

The Document Understanding Conference (DUC) 2005 evaluation had a single user-oriented, question-focused summarization task, which was to synthesize from a set of 25-50 documents a well-organized, fluent answer to a complex question. The evaluation shows

Dynamic Test Collections: Measuring Search Effectiveness on the Live Web

January 22, 2007

Author(s)

Ian M. Soboroff

Existing methods for measuring the quality of search algorithms use a static collection of documents. A set of queries and a mapping from the queries to the relevant documents allow the experimenter to see how well different search engines or engine

Experimental Densities, Vapor Pressures, and Critical Point, and a Fundamental Equation of State for Dimethyl Ether

January 22, 2007

Author(s)

E. Christian Ihmels, Eric Lemmon

Densities, vapor pressures, and the critical point were measured for dimethyl ether, thus filling several gaps in the thermodynamic data for this compound. Densities were measured with a computer-controlled high temperature, high-pressure vibrating-tube

Influence of Oxygen Vacancies on the Dielectric Properties of Hafnia

January 22, 2007

Author(s)

Eric J. Cockayne

First-principles calculations were used to study the effects of neutral and 2+ charged oxygen vacancies on the dielectric properties of crystalline HfO2. In agreement with previous results, the neutral vacancy is more stable on the 4-fold coordinated site

Fluorescence Intermittency and Spectral Shifts of Single Bio-Conjugated Nanocrystals Studied by Single Molecule Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy and Spectroscopy

January 21, 2007

Author(s)

Hyeong G. Kang, Mathew Maye, Dmytro Nykypanchuk, Matthew L. Clarke, Peter Yim, J R. Krogmeier, Kimberly A. Briggman, Oleg Gang, Jeeseong Hwang

We have fabricated a combined measurement system capable of confocal microscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy to simultaneously evaluate multiple optical characteristics of single fluorescent nanocrystals. The single particle detection sensitivity is

Spherical Rubidium Vapor Cells Fabricated By Micro Glass Blowing

January 21, 2007

Author(s)

E. J. Eklund, A Shkel, Svenja A. Knappe, Elizabeth A. Donley, John E. Kitching

This paper presents an application of micro glass blowing, in which multiple glass spheres are simultaneously shaped on top of a silicon wafer and subsequently filled with rubidium. The fabrication process is based on etching cavities in silicon, followed

User's Guide to NIST Biometric Image Software (NBIS)

January 21, 2007

Author(s)

Kenneth Ko

This document (User's Guide to NIST Biometric Image Software (NBIS)) is renamed from the User's Guide to NIST Fingerprint Image Software (NFIS). In other word, this document is a replacement for the User's Guide to NIST Fingerprint Image software (NFIS)

Calibrating Photon-Counting Detectors to High Accuracy: Background and Deadtime Issues

January 20, 2007

Author(s)

Michael Ware, Alan L. Migdall, Joshua Bienfang, Sergey Polyakov

When photon-counting detectors are calibrated in the presence of a background signal, deadtime effects can be significant and must be carefully accounted for to achieve high accuracy. We present a method for separating the correlated signal from the

Introduction to Journal of Modern Optics Special Issue on Single Photon: Sources, Detectors, Applications and Measurement Methods

January 20, 2007

Author(s)

J Cheung, Alan L. Migdall, Stefania Castelletto

In October 2005, a 2-day follow up workshop, Single photon: sources, detectors, applications and measurement methods, was held at the NPL (National Physical Laboratory, UK). The focus for this workshop was to report on the key developments since the

Long-Term Stability of Chip-Scale Atomic Clock Physics Packages

January 20, 2007

Author(s)

Svenja A. Knappe, Vladislav Gerginov, V Shah, Alan Brannon, Hugh Robinson, Leo W. Hollberg, John E. Kitching

We present measurements regarding the long-term stability of chip-scale atomic clock (CSAC) physics packages. The tight requirements for the temperature stability of vapor cell and laser in these packages currently limit their frequency stability after 100

Reduced Deadtime and Higher Rate Photon-Counting Detection Using a Multiplexed Detector Array

January 20, 2007

Author(s)

Stefania Castelletto, Ivo P. Degiovanni, V Schettini, Alan L. Migdall

We present a scheme for a photon-counting detection system that can be operated at incident photon rates higher than otherwise possible by suppressing the effects of detector deadtime. The method uses an array of N detectors and a 1-by-N optical switch

Characterization of cell samples from measurements of spectroscopic scattering phase dispersion

January 19, 2007

Author(s)

Shellee D. Dyer, Lara Roberson, Shelley M. Etzel, Tasshi Dennis, Andrew Dienstfrey, Vadim Tsvankin, Wei Tan

We present spectroscopic swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements of the phase-dispersion of cell samples. We have previously demonstrated that the phase of the scattered field is, in general, independent of the intensity, and both must

Origins of switching field distributions in perpendicular magnetic nanodot arrays

January 19, 2007

Author(s)

Justin Shaw, William Rippard, Stephen E. Russek, Tim Reith, Charles M. Falco

We studied the reversal properties of perpendicularly magnetized Co/Pd nanodots from 100 to 50 nm in diameter fabricated using electron beam lithography. Polycrystalline Co/Pd multilayers show considerable differences in the switching field distribution

Phase Field Theory of Heterogeneous Crystal Nucleation

January 19, 2007

Author(s)

L Granasy, T Pusztai, D M. Saylor, James A. Warren

A phase field approach is developed to model wetting and heterogeneous crystal nucleation of an undercooled pure liquid in contact with a sharp wall. We discuss various choices for the boundary condition at the wall and determine the properties of critical

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