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Physics

Radiation

Search Publications

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  • Published Date
Displaying 26 - 50 of 259

H2 Generation by the 10B(n,alpha)7Li Reaction in High Temperature Water

July 4, 2023
Author(s)
Alan Keith Thompson, Mohamad Al-Sheikhly, Steven Guerin, David Bartels, Cameron Goodwin, Sangho Nam
H2 produced in water from the 10B(n,α)7Li fission reaction has been measured up to 300 oC. Thermal energy neutrons from the Rhode Island Nuclear Science Center's 2 MW reactor interact with boric acid-containing water in temperature-controlled high-pressure

Oxidation caused by water outgassed from the thermal blanket on the SDO spacecraft

June 23, 2023
Author(s)
Robert F. Berg, Charles S. Tarrio, FRANCIS EPARVIER, ANDREW JONES
The Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) is a sun-observing spacecraft that includes two spectrometers that use aluminum membranes to filter solar radiation. The transmission of those filters degraded by a factor of 5 during the first five years after launch

Measurements and model of UV-induced oxidation of aluminum

March 22, 2023
Author(s)
Robert F. Berg, Charles S. Tarrio, Thomas B. Lucatorto
We present measurements and a model of aluminum oxidation induced by ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Spots of oxide were grown by focusing synchrotron radiation onto a polycrystalline aluminum membrane in the presence of water vapor at pressures from 3×10-8

On-grid compressive sampling for spherical field measurements in acoustics

October 18, 2022
Author(s)
Alex Yuffa, Marc Valdez, Michael Wakin
We derive a theoretically guaranteed compressive sensing method for acoustic field reconstructions using spherical field measurements on a predefined grid. This method can be used to reconstruct sparse band-limited spherical harmonic or Wigner $D$-function

Primary standardization of 212Pb activity by liquid scintillation counting

September 22, 2022
Author(s)
Denis E. Bergeron, Jeffrey T. Cessna, Ryan P. Fitzgerald, Lizbeth Laureano-Perez, Leticia Pibida, Brian E. Zimmerman
An activity standard for 212Pb in equilibrium with its progeny was realized, based on triple-to-double coincidence ratio (TDCR) liquid scintillation (LS) counting. A Monte Carlo-based approach to estimating uncertainties due to nuclear decay data

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Study of Carbonated Hydroxyapatite Synthesized through Calcium Phosphate Cements

August 5, 2022
Author(s)
Alline F. Myers, Shozo Takagi, Stanislav Frukhtbeyn, Laurence Chow, Veronika Szalai, Lonnie Cumberland, Ileana Pazos, Eaman Karim
Ionizing radiation-induced paramagnetic defects in calcified tissues like tooth enamel are indicators of irradiation dose. Hydroxyapatite (HA), the principal constituent in these materials, incorporates a variety of anions (CO32, F, Cl, SiO44 ) and

Models for an Ultraviolet-C Research and Development Consortium

March 25, 2022
Author(s)
Dianne L. Poster, C Cameron Miller, Yaw S. Obeng, John J. Kasianowicz, Michael T. Postek, Norman Horn, Troy Cowan, Richard Martinello
The development of an international, precompetitive, collaborative, ultraviolet (UV) research consortium is discussed as an opportunity to lay the groundwork for a new UV commercial industry and the supply chain to support this industry. History has

Calorimetry in Computed Tomography Beams

March 10, 2022
Author(s)
Heather H. Chen-Mayer, Ronald Tosh, Fred B. Bateman, Paul Bergstrom, Brian E. Zimmerman
A portable calorimeter for direct realization of absorbed dose in medical computed tomography (CT) procedures was constructed and tested in a positron emission tomography (PET) CT scanner. The calorimeter consists of two small thermistors embedded in a

Toward a New Primary Standardization of Radionuclide Massic Activity Using Microcalorimetry and Quantitative Milligram-Scale Samples

February 24, 2022
Author(s)
Ryan P. Fitzgerald, Bradley Alpert, Dan Becker, Denis E. Bergeron, Richard Essex, Kelsey Morgan, Svetlana Nour, Galen O'Neil, Dan Schmidt, Gordon A. Shaw, Daniel Swetz, R. Michael Verkouteren, Daikang Yan
We present a new paradigm for the primary standardization of radionuclide activity per mass of solution (Bq/g). Two key enabling capabilities are 4π decay-energy spectrometry using chip-scale sub-Kelvin microcalorimeters and direct realization of mass by

Ultraviolet Radiation Technologies and Healthcare Associated Infections: Standards and Metrology Needs

August 20, 2021
Author(s)
Dianne L. Poster, C Cameron Miller, Richard Martinello, Norman Horn, Michael T. Postek, Troy Cowan, Yaw S. Obeng, John J. Kasianowicz
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) hosted an international workshop on ultraviolet-C (UV-C) disinfection technologies on January 14 – 15, 2020 in Gaithersburg, Maryland in collaboration with the International Ultraviolet Association

De-excitation dynamics of muonic atoms revealed by high precision spectroscopy of electronic K x rays using a superconducting transition-edge sensor microcalorimeter

July 27, 2021
Author(s)
Douglas Bennett, W.Bertrand (Randy) Doriese, Malcolm Durkin, Joseph Fowler, Johnathon Gard, Gene C. Hilton, Kelsey Morgan, Galen O'Neil, Carl D. Reintsema, Dan Schmidt, Daniel Swetz, Joel Ullom, Toshiyuki Azuma, Pietro Caradonna, I-Huan Chiu, Tadashi Hashimoto, Ryota Hayakawa, Yuto Ichinohe, Paul Indelicato, TadaAki Isobe, Sohtaro Kanda, Daiji Kato, Miho Katsuragawa, Naritoshi Kawamura, Yasushi Kino, Kenya Kubo, Kairi Mine, Yasuhiro Miyake, Kazuhiko Ninomiya, Hirofumi Noda, Shinji Okada, Takuma Okumura, Kenichi Okutsu, Takahito Osawa, Nancy Paul, Kouichiro Shimomura, Patrick Strasser, Hirotaka Suda, Tadayuki Takahashi, Shinichiro Takeda, Soshi Takeshita, Motonobu Tampo, Hideyuki Tatsuno, XiaoMin Tong, Yasuhiro Ueno, Shin Watanabe, Shinya Yamada
We observed electronic K x rays emitted from muonic iron atoms using a superconducting transition-edge-type sensor microcalorimeter. The energy resolution of 5.2 eV in FWHM allowed us to observe the asymmetric broad profile of the electronic characteristic

Polarization Effects of X-ray Monochromators Modeled Using Dynamical Scattering Theory

July 1, 2021
Author(s)
Marcus Mendenhall, David R. Black, Donald Windover, James Cline
The difference in the diffracted intensity of the sigma-and pi-polarized components of an X-ray beam in powder diffraction has generally been treated according to equations based on dipole scattering, also known as kinematic X-ray scattering. Although this

A new measurement of the 122Sb half-life

June 5, 2021
Author(s)
Giancarlo D'Agostino, Marco Di Luzio, Nicholas Sharp, Massimo Oddone
Following significant discrepancies observed in rescaling collected 122Sb -peak count rates to a reference time by decay corrections, we looked at the literature supporting the presently recommended 2.7238(2) d 122Sb half-life value. The reading

Vectorizing Green's Identities

May 5, 2021
Author(s)
Alex Yuffa
Green's theorem and Green's identities are well-known and their uses span almost every branch of science and mathematics. In this paper, we derive a vector analogue of Green's three scalar identities and consider some of their uses. We also offer a number

Effects of Cathode Corrosion on Through-Plane Water Transport in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

April 21, 2021
Author(s)
Daniel S. Hussey, Joseph Fairweather, Dusan Spernjak, Adam Weber, David Harvey, Silvia Wessell, David L. Jacobson, Kateryna Artyushkova, Rangachary Mukundan, Rodney Borup
The corrosion of carbon in the electrode supports of proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells leads to electrode collapse, reduced active catalyst area, and increased surface hydrophilicity. While these effects have been linked to performance degradation over

Neutron Imaging of Laser Melted SS316 Test Objects with Spatially Resolved Small Angle Neutron Scattering

April 21, 2021
Author(s)
Daniel S. Hussey, Adam J. Brooks, Caroline G. Lowery, Gerald L. Knapp, Bridget E. Cadigan, Shengmin Guo, Leslie G. Butler
A novel neutron far field interferometer is explored for sub-micron porosity detection in laser sintered SS316 test objects. The results shown are images and volumes of the first quantitative neutron dark-field tomography at various autocorrelation lengths

A new model dielectric function for loss functions and electron damping

March 10, 2021
Author(s)
Eric L. Shirley
Trends in the zeroth frequency moment of the imaginary part of the dielectric function are studied for a wide range of metals, semiconductors and insulators. These results are combined with estimates for the inverse-first moment (related by Kramers-Kronig
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