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I show that the Ni d-band density of states contains a peak due to excitations of bound hole pairs. The density of states is observed directly in photoemission experiments which show a satellite peak below the bottom of the d bands.
New scientific opportunities, particularly for investigation of surface magnetism, will be provided by spin and energy analyzed photoemission. Electron-optical conservation laws and phase space concepts are summarized and applied to determine the
Robert Celotta, Daniel T. Pierce, G Wang, S Bader, G P. Felcher
The magnetic field dependence (hysteresis curve) and the temperature dependence of the magnetization at a Ni(110) surface was measured by polarized low-energy electron diffraction. The diffracted intensities are spin dependent by a few percent. The
We present measurements of the spin polarization P of photoelectrons from negative electron affinity (NEA) GaAs (100) and find P=43% at a photon energy of 1.57 eV. This contrasts with a maximum P=21% measured by Erbudak and Reihl for NEA GaAs (110), which
G Wang, B Dunlap, Robert Celotta, Daniel T. Pierce
The first low-energy-electron diffraction measurements using a polarized incident electron beam are reported and compared to measurements where an unpolarized incident beam is analyzed after scattering. Whereas, because of multiple scattering, equivalence
It is shown that the spectral density of the Ni d electrons contains a peak due to excitations of bound hole pairs. The spectral density is observed directly in photoemission experiments which show a satellite peak below the bottom of the d bands. The
The first ultraviolet photoemission spectra of the valence electrons of rare-gas atoms, implanted by ion bombardment into an amorphous Ge matrix, are presented here. The positions of the peaks in the observed spectra are shifted relative to gas-phase
An overview is given of a new cooperative project under the Implementing Agreement between the Technology Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, and the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, Japanese Ministry of International Trade and
Surface analyses are now made by techniques such as Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and appearance potential spectroscopy (APS). These techniques utilize low-energy electrons and have high surface sensitivity but
I show that intrinsic plasmons are created in x-ray photoemission experiments on the conduction bands of simple metals. Unlike the core case, the plasmons are produced by many-body effects and are a direct consequence of electron correlation. A theory of
A convenient measure of surface sensitivity in Auger-electron spectroscopy (AES) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is the mean escape depth (MED). If the effects of elastic-electron scattering are neglected, the MED is equal to the electron
P R. Norton, R L. Tapping, H P. Broida, John William Gadzuk, B Waclawski
Values are reported for the absolute yields of KVV Auger electrons from beryllium and L 23VV Auger electrons from aluminum excited by 60- to 220-keV proton bombardment. The measurements were made using semi-infinite evaporated samples, and the results were
Measurements have been made of the relative intensities of the principal features in X-ray photoelectron spectra of indium, lead, and aluminum oxide and compared with those expected from a simple model for the photoemission process. Systematic effects in
A summary is given of the present status and use of surface-characterization measurements in the United States. Attention is primarily devoted to those properties needed to characterize a solid surface, specifically the determination of surface composition
A review is given of the physical basis for quantitative surface analysis by Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) or electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA). The principal topics discussed are: the
Core level holes which are created in electron emission spectroscopies of atoms and molecules adsorbed or condensed onto metal surfaces induce a screening charge at the surface. The Coulomb interaction between the induced and the hole charge, called the