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Physics

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Displaying 1251 - 1275 of 2493

Influence of Pressure on Glass Formation in a Simulated Polymer Melt

October 18, 2016
Author(s)
Jack F. Douglas, Wensheng Xu, Karl Freed
We investigate the thermodynamic and dynamic properties of a model unentangled glass-forming polymer melt over a wide range of pressures (P) and temperatures (T) using molecular dynamics simulation. We show that the T dependence of the reduced thermal

Magnetic microscopy and simulation of strain-mediated control of magnetization in Ni/PMN-PT nanostructures

October 17, 2016
Author(s)
Ian J. Gilbert, Andres C. Chavez, Daniel T. Pierce, John Unguris, Wei-Yang Sun, Cheng-Yen Liang, Gregory P. Carman
Strain-mediated thin film multiferroics comprising piezoelectric/ferromagnetic heterostructures enable the electrical manipulation of magnetization with much greater efficiency than other methods; however, the investigation of nanostructures fabricated

The PROSPECT Physics Program

October 17, 2016
Author(s)
Hans P. Mumm, Michael P. Mendenhall
The Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Experiment, PROSPECT, is designed to make a precise measurement of the antineutrino spectrum from a highly-enriched uranium reactor and probe eV-scale sterile neutrinos by searching for neutrino oscillations

Supramolecular Self-assembly of a Novel Hydrogelator: Characterization of Fiber Morphology and Formation and Thermal-Reversible Gelation

October 8, 2016
Author(s)
Jack F. Douglas, Yuan Gao Yuan Gao, Ryan C. Nieuwendaal, Emilios Dimitriadis, Boualem Hammouda, Bing Xu, Ferenc Horkay
Hydrogels are of intense recent interest in connection with biomedical applications ranging from 3-D cell cultures and stem cell differentiation to regenerative medicine, controlled drug delivery and tissue engineering. This prototypical form of soft

Accurate, Traceable, and Verifiable Time Synchronization for World Financial Markets

October 7, 2016
Author(s)
Michael A. Lombardi, Andrew N. Novick, George Neville-Neil, Ben Cooke
This paper describes how the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), through a collaboration with Perseus, is providing accurate, traceable, and verifiable time synchronization to stock exchanges in the United States, Europe, and Asia. The

A Thin-Film Cryotron Suitable For Use as an Ultra-Low-Temperature Switch

October 6, 2016
Author(s)
Peter J. Lowell, John A. Mates, William B. Doriese, Gene C. Hilton, Kelsey M. Morgan, Daniel S. Swetz, Joel N. Ullom, Daniel R. Schmidt
Low-temperature superconducting circuits have become important in modern science. However, there are presently no high-current-capacity switches with low power dissipation for sub-Kelvin operation. One candidate for a sub-Kelvin switch is the cryotron, a

Ionization potentials of superheavy elements No, Lr, and Rf and their ions

October 3, 2016
Author(s)
Vladimir A. Dzuba, M.S. Safronova, Ulyana I. Safronova, Alexander Kramida
We predict ionization potentials of superheavy elements No, Lr, and Rf and their ions using a relativistic hybrid method that combines con figuration interaction (CI) with the linearized coupled-cluster approach. Extensive study of the completeness of the

Time in Cyber-Physical Systems

October 2, 2016
Author(s)
Marc A. Weiss, Sundeep Chandhoke, Hugh Melvin
Time is central to predicting, measuring and controlling properties of the physical world, and is one of the most important constraints distinguishing Cyber-Physical Systems from distributed computing in general. However mixing the cyber and the physical

Time in Cyber-Physical Systems

October 2, 2016
Author(s)
Marc A. Weiss, YaShian Li-Baboud, Aviral Shrivastava, Mohammad Khayatian, Patricia Derlery, Hugo A. Andrade, Sundeep Chandhoke, Kevin Stanton, John Eidson
Many modern CPS, especially industrial automation systems, require the actions of multiple computational systems to be synchronized at much higher rates than is possible through ad hoc designs. Fundamental research is needed in synchronizing clocks of

Preparation of entangled states through Hilbert space engineering

September 28, 2016
Author(s)
Yiheng Lin, John P. Gaebler, Florentin Reiter, Ting R. Tan, Ryan S. Bowler, Yong Wan, Adam C. Keith, Emanuel Knill, Kevin Coakley, Dietrich Leibfried, David J. Wineland, Scott Glancy
Entangled states are a crucial resource for quantum-based technologies such as quantum computers and quantum communication systems. Exploring new methods for entanglement generation is important for diversifying and eventually improving current approaches

Exploring frustrated magnetism with artificial spin ice

September 26, 2016
Author(s)
Ian J. Gilbert, Bojan R. Ilic
Nanomagnet arrays known as artificial spin ice provide insight into the microscopic details of frustrated magnetism because, unlike natural frustrated magnets, the individual moments can be experimentally resolved and the lattice geometry can be easily

Nanoscale imaging of magnetization reversal driven by spin-orbit torque

September 23, 2016
Author(s)
Ian J. Gilbert, Andrew P. Chen, Daniel B. Gopman, Andrew L. Balk, Daniel T. Pierce, Mark D. Stiles, John Unguris
We use scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis (SEMPA) to image deterministic, spin-orbit torque driven magnetization reversal of in-plane magnetized CoFeB rectangles in zero applied magnetic field. The spin-orbit torque is generated by

The Glass Transition of a Single Macromolecule

September 21, 2016
Author(s)
Jack F. Douglas, David Simmons, Weston L. Merling, Jack Mileski
The glass transition of a single macromolecule in isolation is relevant to the dynamics of systems including dilute solutions of synthetic polymers and biological macromolecules such as proteins. Here we employ molecular dynamics simulation to show that a

Film morphology evolution during solvent vapor annealing of highly efficient small molecule donor/acceptor blends

September 15, 2016
Author(s)
Sebastian Engmann, Hyun W. Ro, Andrew Herzing, Chad R. Snyder, Lee J. Richter, Paul Geraghty, David Jones
Solution-processable small molecule photovoltaics based on the novel molecular donor, benzodithiophene terthiophene rhodamine (BTR), recently have shown maximum power conversion efficiencies above 8% for active layer thicknesses up to 400 nm, using post

Conformational Nature of DNAGrafted Chains on Spherical Gold Nanoparticles

September 10, 2016
Author(s)
Jack F. Douglas, Fernando Vargas-Lara
We investigate the conformational state of a simple, coarse–grained molecular model for single–stranded DNA chains (ss-DNA) grafted onto spherical symmetric gold nanoparticles (NPs) and of the grafted layer as a whole by molecular dynamic simulations. In

Optically referenced broadband electronic synthesizer with 15 digits of resolution

September 5, 2016
Author(s)
Franklyn J. Quinlan, Tara M. Fortier, A. Rolland, Frederick N. Baynes, A. J. Metcalf, Archita Hati, Andrew D. Ludlow, Nathan M. Hinkley, M. Shimizu, Joe Campbell, Scott A. Diddams
Increasing demands in the high tech industry for higher data rates and better synchronization necessitates the development of new wideband and tunable sources with improved noise performance over traditional synthesis based quartz oscillators. Precision

Ultra-low-noise monolithic mode-locked solid-state laser

September 1, 2016
Author(s)
T D. Shoji, W Xie, Kevin L. Silverman, Ari Feldman, Todd E. Harvey, Richard Mirin, Thomas Schibli
Low-noise, high-repetition-rate mode-locked solid-state lasers are attractive for precision measurement and microwave generation, but the best lasers in terms of noise performance still consist of complex, bulky optical setups, which limits their range of
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