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Materials

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Displaying 1051 - 1075 of 2343

Pre-Viking Swedish Hillfort Glass: A Novel Long-Term Alteration Analogue for Vitrified 6 Nuclear Waste

March 1, 2018
Author(s)
Jamie L. Weaver, Carolyn Pearce, Rolf Sjoblom, John McCloy, Micah Miller, Tamas Varga, Bruce Arey, Michele Conroy, David Peeler, Robert Koestler, Paula DePriest, Edward Vicenzi, Albert Kruger
Examining ancient anthropogenic glasses altered in natural environments over hundreds of years can inform and verify models for predicting long-term rates of glass corrosion. Understanding corrosion mechanisms is critical for modeling the performance of

Depth Dependant Element Analysis of PbMg 1/3 Nb 2/3 O 3 using Muonic X-rays

February 28, 2018
Author(s)
Katherine L Brown, Chris PJ Stockdale, Haosu Luo, X Zhao, Jiefang Li, Dwight Viehland, Guangyong Xu, Peter M. Gehring, K Ishida, A. D. Hillier, C. Stock
The relaxor PbMg 1.3Nb 2/3O 3 (PMN) has received attention due to its potential applications as a piezoelectric when doped with PbTiO3 (PT). Previous results have found that there are two phases existing in the system, one linked to the near-surface

Weak and Strong Gels and the Emergence of the Amorphous Solid State

February 23, 2018
Author(s)
Jack F. Douglas
Gels are amorphous solids whose macroscopic viscoelastic response derives from contraints in the material that serve to localize the constituent molecules or particles about their average positions in space. These contraints may either be local in nature

A Non-Invasive Method to Directly Quantify Surface Heterogeneity of Porous Materials

February 22, 2018
Author(s)
Wei-Shan NMN Chiang, Daniel Georgi, Taner Yildirim, Jin-hong Chen, Yun Liu
Many porous materials have widely differing pore surface properties because the matrix materials forming the pores are heterogeneous at microscopic levels resulting in different adsorption/desorption behaviors and storage capacity of guest molecules in

Topological Rigidification of Flexible Polymers in Solution

February 22, 2018
Author(s)
Jack F. Douglas, Fernando Vargas-Lara
We use molecular dynamic simulations on a coarse-grained model for flexible polymers in solution to study how molecular topology affects the intrinsic rigidity of polymeric chains. In particular, we study how polymeric "topological complexity", defined by

What Does the Tg of Thin Polymer Films Really Tell Us?

February 22, 2018
Author(s)
Wengang Zhang, Francis W. Starr, Jack F. Douglas
The disparate results for Tg shifts in ultra-thin polymer films with the same film thickness, substrate, and chemistry raises the question of whether Tg is a useful way to characterize thin films. Underlying many Tg measurements is the assumption that Tg

Spin Canting Across Core/Shell Fe 3 O 4 /Mn x Fe 3-x O 4 Nanoparticles

February 21, 2018
Author(s)
Samuel D. Oberdick, Ahmed Abdelgawad, Carlos Moya, Samaneh Mesbahi-Vasey, Demie Kepaptsoglou, Vlado K. Lazarov, Richard F. L. Evans, Daniel Meilak, Elizabeth Skoropata, Johan van Lierop, Ian Hunt-Isaak, Hillary Pan, Yumi Ijiri, Kathryn L. Krycka, Julie Borchers, Sara A. Majetich
Core/shell Fe 3dO 4/Mn xFe 3-xO 4 nanoparticles were synthesized in a single reaction using molecular precursors with different thermal stability. Scanning transmission electron microscopy combined with electron energy loss spectroscopy confirms the core

Synchrotron Methods for Flexible Hybrid Electronics Industrial Recommendations on Interagency (DoC-DoD-DoE) Partnerships to Address Measurement Challenges Hindering the Flexible Hybrid Electronics Manufacturing Ecosystem

February 12, 2018
Author(s)
Christopher L. Soles, Richard A. Vaia, Ronald Pindak
The round-table participants concluded that facilities at NSLS-II provide immediate opportunities to address some of the critical processing and measurement challenges that are blocking the path towards a sustainable US-centric Flexible Hybrid Electronic

Valence, loop formation and universality in self-assembling patchy particles

February 7, 2018
Author(s)
Debra J. Audus, Francis W. Starr, Jack F. Douglas
Patchy particles have emerged as an attractive model for phase separation and self-assembly in globular proteins solutions, colloidal patchy particles, and molecular fluids where directional interactions are operative. In our previous work, we extensively

Fatigue measurement of pipeline steels for application of gaseous hydrogen transport

February 5, 2018
Author(s)
Andrew J. Slifka, Elizabeth S. Drexler, Robert L. Amaro, Louis E. Hayden, Damian S. Lauria, Nikolas W. Hrabe, Douglas G. Stalheim
A comprehensive testing program to determine the fatigue crack growth rate of pipeline steels in pressurized hydrogen gas was completed; the project was sponsored by the Department of Transportation, and was conducted in close collaboration with the ASME

High-throughput first principles search for new ferroelectrics

January 31, 2018
Author(s)
Kevin F. Garrity
We use a combination of symmetry analysis and high-throughput density functional theory calculations to search for new ferroelectric materials. We use two search strategies to identify candidate materials. In the first strategy, we start with non-polar

Investigation of Alteration of Li-6 Enriched Neutron Shielding Glass

January 31, 2018
Author(s)
Jamie Weaver, Danyal J. Turkoglu
Silicate glass doped with 6Li is a common slow neutron shielding material, and has been utilized as such in several neutron research facilities. 6Li is a unique isotope for thermal neutron capture as it has a large thermal neutron capture cross section (≈

Unraveling the Complex Hydration Behavior of Ionomers Under Thin Film Confinement

January 16, 2018
Author(s)
Shudipto K. Dishari, Christopher A. Rumble, Mark Maroncelli, Joseph Dura, Michael A. Hickner
Ionomers in thin films behave differently from bulk membranes and their behavior is not well understood. Here, thin films (25-250 nm) of sulfonated Radel (S-Radel) were investigated to understand thickness and hydration effects on the density and

Quantification of DNA/SWCNT Solvation Differences by Aqueous Two Phase Separation

January 8, 2018
Author(s)
Ming Zheng, Yoona Yang, Akshaya Shankar, Thibault Aryaksama, Anand Jagota
Single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) coated with single-stranded DNA can be effectively separated into various chiralities using an aqueous two phase (ATP) system. Partitioning is driven by small differences in the dissolution characteristics of the

Perovskite Nickelates as Electric-Field Sensors in Salt Water

January 4, 2018
Author(s)
Zhen Zhang, Derek Schwanz, Badri Narayanan, Michele Kotiuga, Joseph Dura, Mathew Cherukara, Hua Zhou, John W. Freeland, Jiarui Li, Ronny Sutarto, Feizhou He, Chongzhao Wu, Jiaxin Zhu, Yifei Sun, Koushik Ramadoss, Stephen S. Nonnenmann, Nanfang Yu, Riccardo Comin, Karin M. Rabe, Subramanian K.R.S. Sankaranarayanan, Shriram Ramanathan
Although oceans comprise over seventy percent of our planet, they are among the least understood ecosystems. Complex three-dimensional marine environments hold important clues into long term effects of climate change, evolutionary consequences, and animal

Self-assembled Layering of Magnetic Nanoparticles in a Ferrofluid onSilicon Surfaces

January 4, 2018
Author(s)
Katharina Theis-Brohl, Erika C. Vreeland, Andrew Gomez, Dale L. Huber, Apurve Saini, Max Wolff, Brian B. Maranville, Erik Brok, Kathryn L. Krycka, Joseph Dura, Julie Borchers
This article describes the 3D self-assembly of monodisperse colloidal magnetite nanoparticles from a dilute water-based ferrofluid onto a silicon surface and the dependence of the resultant magnetic structure with applied field. The nanoparticles assemble

Rheological Properties of Jute-Based Cellulose Nanofibers under Different Ionic Conditions

January 1, 2018
Author(s)
Lihong Geng, Ali Naderi, Yimin NMN Mao, Chengbo Zhan, Priyanka Sharma, Xiangfang Peng, Benjamin S. Hsiao
Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) were produced by 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxyl (TEMPO) -oxidation and mechanical shearing of jute pulp. The cross section dimension of CNFs was determined by small-angle neuron scattering (SANS), yielding a width of about

The enigmatic vitrification at the ancient hillfort Broborg and its utilization as an analogue for nuclear waste glass.

January 1, 2018
Author(s)
Jamie L. Weaver, Rolf Sjoblom, Eva Hjarthner-Holdar, Carolyn Pearce, Erik Ogenhall, Mia Englund, John McCloy, David Peeler, Albert Kruger
Although the modern understanding of chemistry dates back only around 300 years, many of the processes and products used today were actually originally developed by ancient people. However, much of such ancient knowledge has been lost, as is the case for

Order-Disorder Transitions and Superionic Conductivity in the Sodium Nido-Undeca(carba)borates

December 26, 2017
Author(s)
Wan Si NMN Tang, Mirjana NMN Dimitrievska, Vitalie Stavila, Wei Zhou, Hui Wu, A. Alec Talin, Terrence J. Udovic
The salt compounds NaB 11H 14, Na-7-CB 10H 13, Li-7-CB 10H 13, Na-7,8-Cd2^B 9H 12, and Na-7,9-C 2B 9H 12 all contain geometrically similar, monocharged, nido-undeca(carba)borate anions (i.e., truncated icosohedral-shaped clusters constructed of only eleven

An Ideal Molecular Sieve for Acetylene Removal from Ethylene with Record Selectivity and Productivity

December 20, 2017
Author(s)
Bin Li, Xili Cui, Dan O'Nolan, Hui-Min Wen, Mengdie Jiang, Rajamani Krishna, Hui Wu, Rui-Biao Lin, Yu-Sheng Chen, Daqiang Yuan, Huabin Xing, Wei Zhou, Qilong Ren, Guodong Qian, Michael J. Zaworotko, Banglin Chen
Realization of ideal molecular sieves, in which the larger gas molecules are completely blocked without sacrificing high adsorption capacities of the preferred smaller gas molecules, can significantly reduce energy costs for gas separation and purification
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