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Forensic Science

Forensic genetics

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Displaying 126 - 150 of 252

The Pseudo-mitochondrial Genome Influences Mistakes in Heteroplasmy Interpretation

July 21, 2006
Author(s)
Ryan L. Parr, Jennifer Maki, Brian Reguly, Gabriel D. Dakubo, A A. Aguirre, Roy Wittock, Kerry Robinson, J P. Jakupciak, Robert E. Thayer
Nuclear mitochondrial pseudogenes (numts) are a potential source of contamination during mitochondrial DNA PCR amplification. This paper is the first to fully sequence 29 paralogous nuclear DNA fragments that represent the entire mitochondrial genome. This

Structural alterations in breast stromal and epithelial DNA: the influence of 8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosine

June 1, 2006
Author(s)
K. M. Anderson, Pawel Jaruga, C. R. Ramsey, N. K. Gilman, V. M. Green, S. W. Rostad, J. T. Emerman, M Miral Dizdar, D. C. Malins
(5'S)-8,5'-Cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosine (S-cdA), which arises from the reaction of the hydroxyl radical (*OH) with 2'-deoxyadenosine in DNA, is a lesion comprising a base-sugar linkage that distorts the DNA backbone. This structure impedes transcription and

Setting standards and developing technology to aid the human identity testing community

April 1, 2006
Author(s)
John M. Butler, Michael D. Coble, Amy E. Decker, David L. Duewer, Carolyn R. Steffen, Margaret C. Kline, Janette W. Redman, Peter Vallone
Our project team at the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is funded by the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) to conduct research that benefits the human identity testing community and to create tools that enable forensic DNA

The evaluation of an autosomal SNP 12-plex assay

April 1, 2006
Author(s)
Peter M. Vallone, Amy E. Decker, Michael D. Coble, John M. Butler
SNPs have the potential to play a useful role in human identification testing. Small PCR amplicon sizes associated with SNP typing technologies make SNPs attractive for typing degraded DNA or other low copy number situations. SNP markers can be useful in

Analysis of DNA Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms by Mass Spectrometry

March 17, 2006
Author(s)
Peter Vallone, John Butler
Single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP) are the most frequent form of DNA sequence variation in the human genome and are becoming increasingly useful as genetic markers for genome mapping studies, medical diagnostics, and human identity testing. The primer

Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage-DNA Repair System in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Artery and Vein Grafts

March 1, 2006
Author(s)
S. H. McLaren, D. Gao, L. Chen, J. R. Eshleman, V. Dawson, M. A. Trush, V. Bohr, M. Dizdaroglu, G. M. Williams, C. Wei
Graft failure in coronary artery bypass grafts (CABGs) utilizing the saphenous vein is significantly higher than in those utilizing the internal mammary artery (IMA) or the radial artery (RA). While a number of studies have described this phenomenon

Effective Strategies for Forensic Analysis in the Mitochondrial DNA Coding Region

January 1, 2006
Author(s)
Michael D. Coble, Peter Vallone, Rebecca S. Just, Toni M. Diegoli, Brion C. Smith, T. J. Parsons
Recently, it has been recognized that accessing information in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) coding region can provide additional forensic discrimination with respect to the standard typing of the D-loop region, augmenting the sometimes rather limited

Repair of Formamidopyrimidines in DNA Involves Different Glycosylases - Role of the OGG1, NTH1, and NEIL1 Enzymes

December 9, 2005
Author(s)
J Hu, N de Souza-Pinto, K Haraguchi, Barbara A. Hogue, Pawel Jaruga, M M. Greenberg, Miral M. Dizdar, V. Bohr
2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-formamidopyrimidine (FapyG) and 4,6-diamino-5-formamidopyrimidine (FapyA), are formed abundantly in DNA of cultured cells or tissues exposed to ionizing radiation or to other free radical-generating systems. We show here that FapyG

DNA Identifications After the 9/11 World Trade Center Attack

November 18, 2005
Author(s)
Leslie G. Biesecker, Joan E. Bailey-Wilson, Jack Ballantyne, Howard R. Baum, Frederick R. Bieber, Charles Brenner, Bruce Budowle, John M. Butler, George Carmody, P. M. Conneally, Barry Duceman, Arthur Eisenberg, Lisa Forman, Kenneth K. Kidd, Beno? Leclair, Steven Niezgoda, Thomas J. Parsons, Elizabeth Pugh, Robert Shaler, Stephen T. Sherry, Amanda Sozer, Anne Walsh

Standards and Standardization of Molecular Diagnostics

August 15, 2005
Author(s)
J P. Jakupciak, C D. O'Connell
DNA has become a major target for clinical laboratory testing over the past 5 years, and RNA testing is emerging for infectious disease and gene expression (1). To normalize laboratory results across different technology platforms as well as between

Mitochondrial DNA as a cancer biomarker

May 1, 2005
Author(s)
J P. Jakupciak, W. Wang, Maura E. Markowitz, D Ally, Michael D. Coble, Sudhir Srivastava, A Maitra, Peter E. Barker, David Sidransky, Catherine D. O'Connell

Standards for Validation of Cancer Biomarkers

April 2, 2005
Author(s)
Catherine D. O'Connell, Donald H. Atha, J P. Jakupciak
Over the past 10 years, DNA testing to identify disease associated mutations and specific organisms, which represent public health and safety concerns, have become major targets for laboratory testing. RNA testing is also emerging for gene expression, both
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