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Fire

Fire risk reduction

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Displaying 51 - 75 of 114

On the Use of Machine Learning Models to Forecast Flashover Occurrence in a Compartment

September 15, 2020
Author(s)
Jun Wang, Andy Tam, Paul A. Reneke, Richard Peacock, Thomas Cleary, Eugene Yujun Fu, Grace Ngai, Hong Va Leong
This paper presents a study to examine the potential use of machine learning algorithms to build a model to forecast the likelihood of flashover occurrence for a single-floor multi-room compartment. Synthetic temperature data for heat detectors from

Prevention of Cooktop Ignition Using Detection and Multi-Step Machine Learning Algorithms

May 8, 2020
Author(s)
Wai Cheong Tam, Eugene Yujun Fu, Amy E. Mensch, Anthony P. Hamins, Christina Yu, Grace Ngai, Hong va Leong
This paper presents a study to examine the potential use of machine learning models to build a real-time detection algorithm for prevention of kitchen cooktop fires. Sixteen sets of time- dependent sensor signals were obtained from 60 normal/ignition

Estimating the Impact of 16 CFR Part 1633 on Bed Fire Outcomes

April 28, 2020
Author(s)
Stanley W. Gilbert, David T. Butry, Richard G. Gann, Rick D. Davis
Effective July 1, 2007, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission promulgated a Standard that would severely reduce the heat release rate and the early heat output from mattresses and foundations that had been ignited by a flaming ignition source

Behavior and Limit States of Long-Span Composite Floor Beams with Simple Shear Connections subject to Compartment Fires: Experimental Evaluation

March 24, 2020
Author(s)
Lisa Y. Choe, Selvarajah Ramesh, William L. Grosshandler, Matthew S. Hoehler, Mina S. Seif, John L. Gross, Matthew F. Bundy
This paper presents the results of compartment fire experiments on four 12.8 m long composite floor beams with various end support conditions. Specimens were constructed as partially- composite beams, consisting of W18x35 steel beams and 83 mm thick

The NIST 20 MW Calorimetry Measurement System for Large-Fire Research

December 26, 2019
Author(s)
Rodney A. Bryant, Matthew F. Bundy
The National Fire Research Laboratory is a unique large-fire research facility; able to characterize the response of full-scale building systems to realistic mechanical loading and fire. The facility maintains an infrastructure of measurements necessary

Compartment Fire Experiments on Long-Span Composite-Beams with Simple Shear Connections Part 1: Experiment Design and Beam Behavior at Ambient Temperature

October 22, 2019
Author(s)
Selvarajah Ramesh, Lisa Choe, Mina S. Seif, Matthew Hoehler, William L. Grosshandler, Ana Sauca, Matthew Bundy, William E. Luecke, Yi Bao, Matthew Klegseth, Genda Chen, John Reilly, Branko Glisic
The National Institute of Standards and Technology recently expanded its large-scale structural-fire testing capabilities in the National Fire Research Laboratory. A landmark test series was conducted on long-span steel-concrete composite floor beams

On Correlating Mixed Forest Fuel Bed Fire Spread Data

September 13, 2019
Author(s)
Jiann C. Yang
Mixing rules are proposed and used to correlate well-mixed forest fuel bed fire spread data from the literature using the dimensionless correlations previously developed for single-species forest fuel bed fire spread with the help of dimensional analysis

Estimating Smoke Detector Effectiveness and Utilization in Homes

November 6, 2018
Author(s)
Stanley W. Gilbert
This report sets out to answer three questions. What effect does installing smoke detectors have on reported fires and casualties for the “average” household? How much of an effect would increasing smoke detector utilization have on the total number of

FIRE PERFORMANCE OF LONG-SPAN COMPOSITE BEAMS WITH GRAVITY CONNECTIONS

June 6, 2018
Author(s)
Lisa Y. Choe, Selvarajah Ramesh, Mina S. Seif, Matthew S. Hoehler, William L. Grosshandler, John L. Gross, Matthew F. Bundy
Prescriptive fire-resistance ratings for structural components provide limited insight into the system-level performance of steel-concrete composite structures in fire. Specifically, long- span composite beam assemblies exposed to fire have vulnerabilities

Investigation of Residential Cooktop Ignition Prevention Technologies

May 31, 2018
Author(s)
Sung Chan Kim, Anthony Hamins, Matthew Bundy
Several international standards and regulations regarding residential cooktop ignition prevention have existed for as long as a decade. A series of cooking experiments were conducted by National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to examine the

Nanocomposite Electrolytes for Lithium Batteries with Reduced Flammability

March 21, 2018
Author(s)
Mauro Zammarano, Apostolos Enotiadis, Nikhil Fernandes, Natalie A. A. Becerra, Emmanuel P. Giannelis
We report a family of flame-retardant electrolytes for lithium batteries based on ionic nanocomposites. The nanocomposites are synthesized in one pot by dispersing SiO2 nanoparticles charge-balanced by both Li ions and mono-amino-terminated polyether (PEO

Characterization of Stove Top Cooking Oil Fires

March 12, 2018
Author(s)
Anthony P. Hamins, Sung C. Kim, Daniel Madrzykowski
A series of cooking fire experiments were conducted by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to examine the hazard associated with cooking oil fires. First, a series of experiments were conducted on a free-standing stove situated in the

Investigation of Residential Cooking Fire Suppression Technologies

February 12, 2018
Author(s)
Anthony P. Hamins, Daniel Madrzykowski, Sung C. Kim, Jonathan Kent
A wide range of cooking fire experiments were conducted to examine the effectiveness of retrofit residential kitchen fire suppression systems. A series of experiments provided data on the hazard associated with cooking oil fires. Then, a series of real
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