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Fire

Fire modeling

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Displaying 76 - 100 of 152

Spent Fuel Transportation Package Response to the MacArthur Maze Fire Scenario

October 2, 2015
Author(s)
Kevin B. McGrattan, Harold Adkins
The NRC has established requirements that are the design bases for packaging and transportation of spent nuclear fuel assemblies under normal conditions of transport (NCT) and for hypothetical accident conditions (HAC). Real-world accidents of greater

Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Dispersion 3. Reducing Uncertainty in Estimating Source Strength and Location through Plume Inversion Models

September 30, 2015
Author(s)
Kuldeep R. Prasad, Adam L. Pintar, Heming Hu, Israel Lopez Coto, Dennis T. Ngo, James R. Whetstone
Recent development of accurate instruments for measuring greenhouse gas concentrations and the ability to mount them in ground based vehicles has provided an opportunity to make temporally and spatially resolved measurements in the vicinity of suspected

Validation of Fire Models Applied to Nuclear Power Plant Safety

September 1, 2015
Author(s)
Kevin B. McGrattan, Richard D. Peacock, Kristopher J. Overholt
The paper highlights key components of a fire model validation study conducted by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the Electric Power Research Institute. These include the selection of fire phenomena of interest to nuclear power plant safety, the

A Chemical Kinetic Mechanism for 2-Bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (2-BTP) Flame Inhibition

July 22, 2015
Author(s)
Donald R. Burgess Jr., Valeri I. Babushok, Gregory T. Linteris, Jeffrey A. Manion
The present paper is concerned with the development of a detailed chemical kinetic mechanism to describe the flame inhibition chemistry of the fire suppressant 2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (2-BTP). Currently 2-BTP is considered as a fire suppressant to

International R&D Roadmap for Fire Resistance of Structures Summary of NIST/CIB Workshop

June 11, 2015
Author(s)
Jiann C. Yang, Matthew F. Bundy, John L. Gross, Anthony P. Hamins, Fahim Sadek, Anand Raghunathan
This report summarizes the results of the global meeting to develop the International R&D Roadmap for Fire Resistance of Structures (the Roadmap) held May 21–22, 2014, in Gaithersburg, Maryland. The workshop was sponsored by the National Institute of

Simulation of a Wind Driven Basement Fire - Riverdale Heights, MD

April 27, 2015
Author(s)
Craig G. Weinschenk, Kristopher Overholt, Daniel M. Madrzykowski
Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), which is a fire model that is developed and maintained by the Na- tional Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), was used to provide insight into the dynamics of a fire that occurred on February 24, 2012, within a

Simulation of a Fire in a Hillside Residential Structure - San Francisco, CA

November 13, 2014
Author(s)
Kristopher J. Overholt, Craig G. Weinschenk, Daniel M. Madrzykowski
Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), which is a fire model that is developed and maintained by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), was used to provide insight into the dynamics of a fire that occurred on June 2, 2011, within a multi-level

Simulations of an Attic Fire in a Wood Frame Residential Structure-Chicago, IL

October 17, 2014
Author(s)
Craig G. Weinschenk, Daniel M. Madrzykowski, Kristopher J. Overholt
The Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) fire model, which is developed and maintained by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), was used to provide insight into the dynamics of a fire that occurred on November 2, 2012, within a 2 1⁄2 story

Fire Modeling for the Fire Research, Fire Protection, and Fire Service Communities

September 8, 2014
Author(s)
Kevin B. McGrattan, Randall J. McDermott, Glenn P. Forney, Kristopher J. Overholt, Craig G. Weinschenk, Jason E. Floyd
The Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) was first publicly released in 2000, and it has recently undergone its fifth major revision. Since its first release, FDS has been applied in three major areas: basic research in fire dynamics, performance-based design

Modeling of 2-bromotrifluoropropene flame inhibition

August 14, 2014
Author(s)
Donald R. Burgess Jr., Jeffrey A. Manion, Valeri I. Babushok, Gregory T. Linteris
We developed a new chemical mechanism for modeling flame inhibition by 2-bromotrifluoropene (2-BTP). The modeling results qualitatively predicted agent behavior in cup-burner and FAA Aerosol Can tests over a wide range of conditions. The ban on igh ozone

Quantification of Methane Emissions From Street Level Data

July 2, 2014
Author(s)
Kuldeep R. Prasad
Kuldeep Prasad(1), Brian Lamb(2), Maria Obiminda Cambaliza(3), Tegan Lavoie(3), Olivia E Salmon(3), Paul Shepson(3), Thomas Lauvaux(4), Ken Davis(4), and James R. Whetstone(1) (1) National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD. (2)

Quantitative Infrared Imaging of Impinging Turbulent Buoyant Diffusion Flames

July 2, 2014
Author(s)
Randall J. McDermott, Ashish Newale, Brent Rankin, Harshad Lalit, Jay P. Gore
Radiation from buoyant diffusion flames with and without impingement on a flat plate is studied using a unique quantitative comparison of measured and simulated images. The coupling between the stagnation boundary layer and upstream buoyant shear layer

Computational Modeling and Validation of Aerosol Deposition in Ventilation Ducts

June 20, 2014
Author(s)
Kristopher J. Overholt, Jason Floyd, Ofodike A. Ezekoye
In fire models, the accurate prediction of aerosol/soot concentrations in the gas phase and aerosol/soot deposition thicknesses in the condensed phase is important for a wide range of applications, including human egress calculations, heat transfer in

Influence of Flame Characteristics on Gas- Phase Fire Retardant Effectiveness

May 30, 2014
Author(s)
Gregory T. Linteris, Nicolas Bouvet, Valeri I. Babushok, Fumiaki Takahashi, Viswanath R. Katta, Stanislav Stoliarov, Peter B. Sunderland
The presentation discusses the influence of flame characteristics on gas-phase fire retardant effectiveness. First, the action of super-effective agents in co-flow diffusion flames is reviewed, highlighting how particle formation had a detrimental effect

Fire Model Validation Eight Lessons Learned

March 6, 2014
Author(s)
Kevin B. McGrattan, Richard D. Peacock, Kristopher J. Overholt
This paper provides a summary of a decade-long effort to verify and validate a variety of different fire models used in the commercial nuclear industry. The lessons learned apply to any industry in which fire models are used in a regulatory context. The

Stair Evacuation of People with Mobility Impairments

March 3, 2014
Author(s)
Erica D. Kuligowski, Richard Peacock, Bryan Hoskins, Emily Wiess
The time that it takes a population to reach safety when descending a stairwell during building evacuations is typically described by measureable engineering variables. These engineering variables include stairwell geometry, speed, density, and pre

Quantitative Testing of Fire Scenario Hypotheses: A Bayesian Inference Approach

January 16, 2014
Author(s)
Kristopher J. Overholt, Ofodike A. Ezekoye
Fire models are routinely used to evaluate life safety aspects of building design projects and are being used more often in fire and arson investigations as well as reconstructions of firefighter line-of-duty deaths and injuries. A fire within a

Quantification of Methane Source Locations and Emissions

December 13, 2013
Author(s)
Kuldeep R. Prasad
Kuldeep Prasad(1), Brian Lamb(2), Maria Obiminda Cambaliza(3), Tegan Lavoie(3), Olivia E Salmon(3), Paul Shepson(3), Thomas Lauvaux(4), Ken Davis(4), and James R. Whetstone(1) (1) National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD. (2)
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