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Fire

Fire modeling

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Displaying 26 - 50 of 157

Measurements and Predictions of the Aerosol Dynamics of Smoke

September 30, 2022
Author(s)
Amy Mensch, Haley Hamza, Thomas Cleary
Better understanding and ability to predict the aerosol dynamics of soot can improve life safety predictions generated by fire modeling tools. NIST's fire modeling tool, Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), is commonly used by the international fire protection

Oxygen-Limited Fires Inside Under-Ventilated Enclosures (OLIVE-FIRE)

August 9, 2022
Author(s)
Kevin B. McGrattan, Isaac Leventon
This report documents a series of fire experiments performed within steel electrical enclosures. The objective is to validate a simple empirical model that predicts the maximum heat release rate of a fire within a closed compartment as a function of its

Convective heat transfer in pine forest litter beds

July 5, 2022
Author(s)
Eric Mueller, Michael Gallagher, Nicholas Skowronski, Rory Hadden
To properly parameterize physics-based models of wildland fire behavior, it is necessary to understand the magnitude of convective heat transfer in various scenarios. In order to do so, we isolated the convective heating process in an idealized wildland

A Simple Two-Step Reaction Scheme for Soot and CO

May 23, 2022
Author(s)
Kevin McGrattan, Randall McDermott, Jason E. Floyd
A relatively simple two-step combustion model is proposed for predicting soot and CO generation in under-ventilated fire simulations. The scheme consists of two mixing-controlled reaction steps performed in series. Validation calculations are described

Current and Future Parameters Used by FDS

December 15, 2021
Author(s)
Kevin B. McGrattan, Jason Floyd
This paper discusses important input parameters used by the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of fire. Suggestions are made for new or enhanced sub-models and measurements specifically for CFD models of fire.

The MaCFP Condensed Phase Working Group: A Structured, Global Effort Towards Pyrolysis Model Development

November 23, 2021
Author(s)
Isaac Leventon, Benjamin Batiot, Morgan Bruns, Simo Hostikka, Yuji Nakamura, Pedro Reszka, Thomas Rogaume, Stanislav Stoliarov
The International Association for Fire Safety Science (IAFSS) Working Group on Measurement and Computation of Fire Phenomena (i.e., the MaCFP Working Group) has been established as a global collaborative effort between experimentalists and modelers in the

Validation of Aerosol Dynamics in a Well-Stirred Isothermal Enclosure

September 30, 2021
Author(s)
Amy Mensch, Thomas Cleary
Modeling of aerosol dynamics in fire simulations enables predictions of the effects of soot, such as visibility and detection, and the fate of soot, such as deposition and emissions. NIST's fire modeling tool, Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), has implemented

Mixture Fraction Analysis of Combustion Products in Medium-Scale Pool Fires

November 13, 2020
Author(s)
Ryan Falkenstein-Smith, Kunhyuk Sung, Jian Chen, Anthony Hamins
A mixture fraction analysis is performed to investigate the characteristics of time-averaged gaseous species measurements made along the centerline of medium-scale pool fires steadily burning in a quiescent environment. A series of fire experiments are

Estimation of the critical external heat leading to the failure of lithium-ion batteries

June 29, 2020
Author(s)
Wei Tang, Andy Tam, Liming Yuan, Thomas Dubaniewicz, Richard Thomas, John Soles
A detailed experimental investigation on the critical external heat leading to the failure of lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries was conducted using an Accelerating Rate Calorimeter (ARC) at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Effect of Pressure on the Heat Transfer of Pool Fire in a Closed Chamber

June 15, 2020
Author(s)
Jian Chen, Yubo Bi, Yanli Zhao, Andy Tam, Changhai Li, Shouxiang Lu
A combined analytical and experimental study was performed to determine the effect of pressure on the heat transfer of pool fire in a closed chamber. A series of ethanol pool fires with diameters from 4 cm to 10 cm were carried out in the pressure chamber

Mid-Infrared Dual Frequency Comb Spectroscopy for Combustion Analysisin the 2.8 to 5 micron Spectral Region

June 7, 2020
Author(s)
Ian Coddington, Nathan Newbury, Greg Rieker, Amanda S. Makowiecki, Daniel Herman, Nazanin Hoghooghi, Elizabeth F. Strong, Gabriel Ycas, Fabrizio Giorgetta, Ryan Cole, Caelan Lapointe, Jeff Glusman, John Daily, Peter E. Hamlington
We demonstrate the application of mode-locked mid-infrared dual frequency comb spectroscopy for combustion analysis. With two settings of the same dual-comb system, the measurement spans 1500 cm-1 (2.8 to 5 microns) with 0.0067 cm-1 (200 MHz) point spacing

Direct Lagrangian Forcing Methods Based on Moving Least Squares

May 15, 2020
Author(s)
Marcos Vanella, Elias Balaras
The application of computational fluid dynamics to complex engineering flow problems necessitates the adoption of numerical algorithms that are accurate, robust and efficient at the same time. These are usually conflicting requirements and there is still

The Chemical Structure of a 30 cm Methanol Pool Fire

April 25, 2020
Author(s)
Ryan Falkenstein-Smith, Kunhyuk Sung, Jian Chen, Anthony Hamins
This study documents a series of time-averaged gas species measurements made along the centerline of a 30 cm methanol pool fires steadily burning in a quiescent environment. All gas species measurements are obtained using a Gas Chromatograph/ Mass
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