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Fire

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Displaying 2251 - 2275 of 3902

Fire Dynamics Simulator (Version 3): Users Guide (NISTIR 6748)

November 1, 2002
Author(s)
Kevin B. McGrattan, Glenn P. Forney, J E. Floyd, Simo A. Hostikka, Kuldeep R. Prasad
Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) is a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of fire-driven fluid flow. The software described in this document solves numerically a form of the Navier-Stokes equations appropriate for low-speed, thermally-driven flow with an

Simulation of SCC Flow

November 1, 2002
Author(s)
Nicos Martys, Chiara F. Ferraris
Predicting the rheological properties of concrete is essential for its optimal use in situations such as flow between rebars. The aggregate gradation and shape, as well as the rheological properties of the mortar or cement paste will affect the flow of SCC

Surface and Interface Properties of PVDF/Acrylic Copolymer Blends

November 1, 2002
Author(s)
Xiaohong Gu, Tinh Nguyen, Mark R. VanLandingham, D Nguyen
Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) is commonly blended with amorphous polymers to improve its optical property. The surface and interface properties of PVDF blended with different amounts of poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(ethyl acrylate) copolymer (PMMA

Round Robin Assessment of the Single Fiber Fragmentation Test

October 21, 2002
Author(s)
M J. Rich, L T. Drzal, Donald L. Hunston, Gale A. Holmes, Walter G. McDonough
The Versailles Project on Advanced Materials and Standards (VAMAS) was established following an economic summit meeting in 1982 held at Versailles by the Heads of State of the seven leading industrial nations and representatives from the Commission of the

Stiffness and Failure Behavior of Model Hybrid Composites

October 21, 2002
Author(s)
Donald L. Hunston, Walter G. McDonough
Many applications are exploring the use of hybrid composites; i.e., polymers reinforced with two different types of fibers, because such systems can have a superior balance of properties and/or a better balance of properties and cost. Unfortunately, the

BACnet Today- Significant new features and future enhancements

October 1, 2002
Author(s)
Steven T. Bushby, H M. Newman
The BACnet communication protocol standard is maintained by a standing committee of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and air-conditioning Engineers under continuous maintenance procedures. Since its original publication in 1995 there have

Chapter 13: Economic Analysis and Green Buildings

October 1, 2002
Author(s)
S Fuller
Building economics, value engineering, and cost engineering are the three main fields that explicitly include an economic evaluation in building-related project analyses. The common theme that ties the three disciplines together is that each is concerned

Merging Weather Data With Materials Response Data During Outdoor Exposure

October 1, 2002
Author(s)
R S. Williams, A A. Sanadi, Corey C. Halpin, Christopher C. White
As part of an outdoor exposure protocol for a studying the weathering of sealants, a full weather station was installed at the Forest Products Laboratory field test site near Madison, Wisconsin. Temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, ultraviolet (UV)

Mitigating Autogeneous Shrinkage by Internal Curing

October 1, 2002
Author(s)
M R. Geiker, O M. Jensen
The use of internal curing is seen to be a highly effective means of mitigating autogenous shrinkage in cement mortars (w/s = 0.35, 8 % silica fume). Two different sources of internal water supply are compared: 1) replacement of a portion of the sand by

Research and Challenges of Multi-Scale Mechanics and Modeling

October 1, 2002
Author(s)
K P. Chong, Nicos Martys
One of the great challenges in the material sciences is to predict long term performance of materials and structures. Recent efforts have focused on linking nano/micro scalebehavior to meso-scale and macroscale behavior through computational modeling.In

Smart and Designer Structural Material Systems

October 1, 2002
Author(s)
K P. Chong, Edward Garboczi
An efficient civil infrastructure system is essential to every country's productivity and quality of life. Basic research and development in smart structures and designer materials has shown great potential for enhancing the functionality, serviceability

The Environmental Life Cycle

October 1, 2002
Author(s)
Barbara C. Lippiatt
ES (Building for Environmental and Economic Sustainability) implements a rational, systematic technique for selecting environmentally and economically balanced building products. The technique is based on consensus standards and designed to be practical

The Existence of Precursor Soot in the Exhaust of Inverse Diffusion Flames

October 1, 2002
Author(s)
L G. Blevins, Robert A. Fletcher, Bruce A. Benner Jr, Eric B. Steel, George W. Mulholland
Knowledge of the chemical and physical structure of precursor soot is useful in the development of soot particle inception models. This paper examines the hypothesis that soot exiting an inverse flame is similar in chemical and morphological structure to

Thermal Modeling of Multiple-Line-Heat-Source Guarded Hot Plate Apparatus

October 1, 2002
Author(s)
William M. Healy, D R. Flynn
The National Institute of Standards and Technology is building an advanced-design guarded hot plate apparatus of advanced design to provide very accurate thermal transmission properties for specimens of thermal insulation 500 mm in diameter, with

Viscoelastic Characterization of Sealant Materials

September 18, 2002
Author(s)
Donald L. Hunston, Christopher C. White
Polymeric sealants are an important example of a major consumer product where the performance depends critically on rheological properties. The work here developed a testing and modeling procedure to characterize the basic mechanical properties of sealant

Baseline Measures for Improving Housing Durability

September 1, 2002
Author(s)
Robert E. Chapman, C A. Izzo
The Partnership for Advancing Technology in Housing (PATH), a program of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, is a public/private partnership in which leaders of the home building, product manufacturing, insurance and financial industries

Calibration Experiments of a Laser Scanner

September 1, 2002
Author(s)
Geraldine S. Cheok, Stefan D. Leigh, Andrew L. Rukhin
The potential applications of laser scanners or LADARs (Laser Detection and Ranging) are numerous, and they cross several sectors of the industry construction, large-scale manufacturing, remote sensing, national defense. A LADAR is an instrument which can
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