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Fire

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Displaying 2176 - 2200 of 3902

Ignition of Weathered and Emulsified Oils (NIST SP 995)

February 28, 2003
Author(s)
Anthony Putorti, D D. Evans, E J. Tennyson
In situ burning of oil spills has been shown to be a rapid means of removing oil from the water surface. Although fresh oil is usually easily ignited, the ability to ignite weathered oils and water-in-oil emulsions is less certain. This paper presents

Characterizing Positive Pressure Ventilation Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

February 1, 2003
Author(s)
Stephen Kerber, William D. Walton
Data from two different sets of full-scale experiments are compared with simulations completed with computational fluid dynamic model, the Fire Dynamic Simulator (FDS). The full-scale experiments characterize a Positive Pressure Ventilation (PPV) fan in an

Computerized Fire Simulations For Use In Fatal Fire Investigations

February 1, 2003
Author(s)
Daniel M. Madrzykowski
Learning Objective: To develop a conceptual understanding of fire modeling, model capabilities and the application of fire models to investigations.In conjunction with the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), the National

Measured Versus Predicted Performance of Building Integrated Photovoltics

February 1, 2003
Author(s)
Mark W. Davis, Arthur H. Fanney, Brian P. Dougherty
The lack of predictive performance tools creates a barrier to the widespread use of building integrated photovoltaic panels. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has created a building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) test bed to capture

Short-Term Characterization of Building Integrated Photovoltaic Panels

February 1, 2003
Author(s)
Arthur H. Fanney, Brian P. Dougherty, Mark W. Davis
Building integrated photovoltaics, the integration of photovoltaic cells into one or more exterior building surfaces, represents a small but growing part of today s $2 billion photovoltaic industry. A barrier to the widespread use of building integrated

Mechanical Behavior of Caulks and Sealants

January 15, 2003
Author(s)
Donald L. Hunston, Christopher C. White
ulks and Sealants are important examples of consumer products where performance depends critically on rheological properties. This work describes the development of a testing and modeling procedure to characterize the basic mechanical properties of such

CFD MODELING OF FIRE SUPPRESSION AND ITS ROLE IN OPTIMIZING SUPPRESSANT DISTRIBUTION

January 1, 2003
Author(s)
J C. Hewson, S R. Tieszen, W D. Sundberg, P E. DesJardin
Recent developments in suppression modeling for CFD codes are presented with an emphasis on fire suppression in cluttered environments. Suppression modeling is based on the ratio between the fluid mixing time scale and the flame chemical time scale. Flames

Condensation (Chapter 15)

January 1, 2003
Author(s)
Mark A. Kedzierski, J C. Chato, T J. Rabas
Condensation is the process by which a vapor is converted to its liquid state. Because fo the large internal energy difference between the liquid and vapor states, a significant amount of heat can be released during the condensation process. For this

DEMONSTRATING ENHANCED POWDER PANELS

January 1, 2003
Author(s)
D C. Cyphers, Scott A. Frederick, John P. Haas
Recent investigations have been conducted into effective, lightweight, non-halon fire protection techniques for mitigating aircraft vulnerability to ballistic threat-induced fires. This paper describes investigations to identify and demonstrate enhanced

Distribution of Earthquake Input Energy in Structures

January 1, 2003
Author(s)
P Khashaee, B Mohraz, Fahim H. Sadek, Hai S. Lew, John L. Gross
In developing an energy-based design approach and assessing the damage potential of structures, one must know the distribution of earthquake input energy among energy components: kinetic, elastic strain, hysteretic, and damping. This report examines the

Extinction Characteristics of Cup-Burner Flame in Microgravity

January 1, 2003
Author(s)
V Katta, F Takahashi, Gregory T. Linteris
Carbon dioxide extinguishes flames through dilution process. The extinction characteristics of CO2 were previously studied using a cup-burner flame under normal-gravity conditions. As the diffusion flames behave differently in microgravity compared to

Fluoroalkyl Phosphorus Compounds

January 1, 2003
Author(s)
J D. Mather, R E. Tapscott, J M. Shreeve, R P. Singh
In work sponsored by the Next-Generation Fire Suppression Technology Program, research efforts at the New Mexico Engineering Research Institute extended earlier promising studies on alkyl phosphorus compound flame extinguishment performance to the study of

Improvements to the NIST Fire Dynamics Simulator

January 1, 2003
Author(s)
Kevin B. McGrattan, J E. Floyd, Glenn P. Forney, Howard R. Baum, Simo A. Hostikka
A new version of the NIST Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) was released in the fall of 2001. Improvements have been made to the combustion and radiation routines, allowing for better simulation of flashover. The combustion is based on a single transport

MatML Version 3.0 - Schema

January 1, 2003
Author(s)
E F. Begley
This document contains the formal specification of MatML Version 3.0 - Schema in World Wide Web Schema Definintion Language and is an update of the previously released Annotated MatML DTD Working Draft Version 2.0. This update addresses the technical

Numerical Investigations of CO 2 as Fire Suppressing Agent

January 1, 2003
Author(s)
V Katta, F Takahashi, Gregory T. Linteris
Understanding suppression mechanisms of different fire-suppressing agents including CF 3Br (Halon 1301) and inert gases is useful for their efficient use and for developing new agents. Because of the similarities between unsteady jet diffusion flames
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